Change the way instructions are squashed on memory ordering violations
to squash the violator and younger instructions, not all instructions
that are younger than the instruction they violated (no reason to throw
away valid work).
Implemented a pipeline activity viewer as a python script (util/o3-pipeview.py)
and modified O3 code base to support an extra trace flag (O3PipeView) for
generating traces to be used as inputs by the tool.
If a split load fails on a blocked cache wbOutstanding can be decremented
twice if the first part of the split load succeeds and the second part fails.
Condition the decrementing on not having completed the first part of the load.
Instructions that load an address and are control instructions can
execute down the wrong path if they were predicted correctly and then
instructions following them are squashed. If an instruction is a
memory and control op use the predicted address for the next PC instead
of just advancing the PC. Without this change NPC is used for the next
instruction, but predPC is used to verify that the branch was successful
so the wrong path is silently executed.
At the same time, rename the trace flags to debug flags since they
have broader usage than simply tracing. This means that
--trace-flags is now --debug-flags and --trace-help is now --debug-help
Some ISAs (like ARM) relies on hardware page table walkers. For those ISAs,
when a TLB miss occurs, initiateTranslation() can return with NoFault but with
the translation unfinished.
Instructions experiencing a delayed translation due to a hardware page table
walk are deferred until the translation completes and kept into the IQ. In
order to keep track of them, the IQ has been augmented with a queue of the
outstanding delayed memory instructions. When their translation completes,
instructions are re-executed (only their initiateAccess() was already
executed; their DTB translation is now skipped). The IEW stage has been
modified to support such a 2-pass execution.
The squash inside the fetch unit should not attempt to remove them from the
branch predictor as non-control instructions are not pushed into the predictor.
When this condition occurs the cpu should restart the fetch stage to fetch from
the original execution path. Fault handling in the commit stage is cleaned up a
little bit so the control flow is simplier. Finally, if an instruction is being
used to carry a fault it isn't executed, so the fault propagates appropriately.
These files really aren't general enough to belong in src/base.
This patch doesn't reorder include lines, leaving them unsorted
in many cases, but Nate's magic script will fix that up shortly.
--HG--
rename : src/base/sched_list.hh => src/cpu/sched_list.hh
rename : src/base/timebuf.hh => src/cpu/timebuf.hh
This change is a low level and pervasive reorganization of how PCs are managed
in M5. Back when Alpha was the only ISA, there were only 2 PCs to worry about,
the PC and the NPC, and the lsb of the PC signaled whether or not you were in
PAL mode. As other ISAs were added, we had to add an NNPC, micro PC and next
micropc, x86 and ARM introduced variable length instruction sets, and ARM
started to keep track of mode bits in the PC. Each CPU model handled PCs in
its own custom way that needed to be updated individually to handle the new
dimensions of variability, or, in the case of ARMs mode-bit-in-the-pc hack,
the complexity could be hidden in the ISA at the ISA implementation's expense.
Areas like the branch predictor hadn't been updated to handle branch delay
slots or micropcs, and it turns out that had introduced a significant (10s of
percent) performance bug in SPARC and to a lesser extend MIPS. Rather than
perpetuate the problem by reworking O3 again to handle the PC features needed
by x86, this change was introduced to rework PC handling in a more modular,
transparent, and hopefully efficient way.
PC type:
Rather than having the superset of all possible elements of PC state declared
in each of the CPU models, each ISA defines its own PCState type which has
exactly the elements it needs. A cross product of canned PCState classes are
defined in the new "generic" ISA directory for ISAs with/without delay slots
and microcode. These are either typedef-ed or subclassed by each ISA. To read
or write this structure through a *Context, you use the new pcState() accessor
which reads or writes depending on whether it has an argument. If you just
want the address of the current or next instruction or the current micro PC,
you can get those through read-only accessors on either the PCState type or
the *Contexts. These are instAddr(), nextInstAddr(), and microPC(). Note the
move away from readPC. That name is ambiguous since it's not clear whether or
not it should be the actual address to fetch from, or if it should have extra
bits in it like the PAL mode bit. Each class is free to define its own
functions to get at whatever values it needs however it needs to to be used in
ISA specific code. Eventually Alpha's PAL mode bit could be moved out of the
PC and into a separate field like ARM.
These types can be reset to a particular pc (where npc = pc +
sizeof(MachInst), nnpc = npc + sizeof(MachInst), upc = 0, nupc = 1 as
appropriate), printed, serialized, and compared. There is a branching()
function which encapsulates code in the CPU models that checked if an
instruction branched or not. Exactly what that means in the context of branch
delay slots which can skip an instruction when not taken is ambiguous, and
ideally this function and its uses can be eliminated. PCStates also generally
know how to advance themselves in various ways depending on if they point at
an instruction, a microop, or the last microop of a macroop. More on that
later.
Ideally, accessing all the PCs at once when setting them will improve
performance of M5 even though more data needs to be moved around. This is
because often all the PCs need to be manipulated together, and by getting them
all at once you avoid multiple function calls. Also, the PCs of a particular
thread will have spatial locality in the cache. Previously they were grouped
by element in arrays which spread out accesses.
Advancing the PC:
The PCs were previously managed entirely by the CPU which had to know about PC
semantics, try to figure out which dimension to increment the PC in, what to
set NPC/NNPC, etc. These decisions are best left to the ISA in conjunction
with the PC type itself. Because most of the information about how to
increment the PC (mainly what type of instruction it refers to) is contained
in the instruction object, a new advancePC virtual function was added to the
StaticInst class. Subclasses provide an implementation that moves around the
right element of the PC with a minimal amount of decision making. In ISAs like
Alpha, the instructions always simply assign NPC to PC without having to worry
about micropcs, nnpcs, etc. The added cost of a virtual function call should
be outweighed by not having to figure out as much about what to do with the
PCs and mucking around with the extra elements.
One drawback of making the StaticInsts advance the PC is that you have to
actually have one to advance the PC. This would, superficially, seem to
require decoding an instruction before fetch could advance. This is, as far as
I can tell, realistic. fetch would advance through memory addresses, not PCs,
perhaps predicting new memory addresses using existing ones. More
sophisticated decisions about control flow would be made later on, after the
instruction was decoded, and handed back to fetch. If branching needs to
happen, some amount of decoding needs to happen to see that it's a branch,
what the target is, etc. This could get a little more complicated if that gets
done by the predecoder, but I'm choosing to ignore that for now.
Variable length instructions:
To handle variable length instructions in x86 and ARM, the predecoder now
takes in the current PC by reference to the getExtMachInst function. It can
modify the PC however it needs to (by setting NPC to be the PC + instruction
length, for instance). This could be improved since the CPU doesn't know if
the PC was modified and always has to write it back.
ISA parser:
To support the new API, all PC related operand types were removed from the
parser and replaced with a PCState type. There are two warts on this
implementation. First, as with all the other operand types, the PCState still
has to have a valid operand type even though it doesn't use it. Second, using
syntax like PCS.npc(target) doesn't work for two reasons, this looks like the
syntax for operand type overriding, and the parser can't figure out if you're
reading or writing. Instructions that use the PCS operand (which I've
consistently called it) need to first read it into a local variable,
manipulate it, and then write it back out.
Return address stack:
The return address stack needed a little extra help because, in the presence
of branch delay slots, it has to merge together elements of the return PC and
the call PC. To handle that, a buildRetPC utility function was added. There
are basically only two versions in all the ISAs, but it didn't seem short
enough to put into the generic ISA directory. Also, the branch predictor code
in O3 and InOrder were adjusted so that they always store the PC of the actual
call instruction in the RAS, not the next PC. If the call instruction is a
microop, the next PC refers to the next microop in the same macroop which is
probably not desirable. The buildRetPC function advances the PC intelligently
to the next macroop (in an ISA specific way) so that that case works.
Change in stats:
There were no change in stats except in MIPS and SPARC in the O3 model. MIPS
runs in about 9% fewer ticks. SPARC runs with 30%-50% fewer ticks, which could
likely be improved further by setting call/return instruction flags and taking
advantage of the RAS.
TODO:
Add != operators to the PCState classes, defined trivially to be !(a==b).
Smooth out places where PCs are split apart, passed around, and put back
together later. I think this might happen in SPARC's fault code. Add ISA
specific constructors that allow setting PC elements without calling a bunch
of accessors. Try to eliminate the need for the branching() function. Factor
out Alpha's PAL mode pc bit into a separate flag field, and eliminate places
where it's blindly masked out or tested in the PC.
Since miscellaneous registers bypass wakeup logic, force serialization
to resolve data dependencies through them
* * *
ARM: adding non-speculative/serialize flags for instructions change CPSR
A whole bunch of stuff has been converted to use the new params stuff, but
the CPU wasn't one of them. While we're at it, make some things a bit
more stylish. Most of the work was done by Gabe, I just cleaned stuff up
a bit more at the end.
src/cpu/o3/alpha/cpu_impl.hh:
Pass ISA-specific O3 CPU to FullO3CPU as a constructor parameter instead of using setCPU functions.
--HG--
extra : convert_revision : 74f4b1f5fb6f95a56081f367cce7ff44acb5688a
The removed ones were unnecessary. The commented out ones could be useful in the future, should this problem get fixed. See flyspray task #243.
src/cpu/o3/commit_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/decode_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/fetch_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/iew_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/inst_queue_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/lsq_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/lsq_unit_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/rename_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/rob_impl.hh:
Remove/comment out DPRINTFs that were causing a segfault.
--HG--
extra : convert_revision : b5aeda1c6300dfde5e0a3e9b8c4c5f6fa00b9862
src/cpu/o3/iew_impl.hh:
Allow for slightly more flexible handling of non-speculative instructions. They can be other classes now, such as loads or stores.
Also be sure to clear the state associated with squashes that are not used. i.e. if a squash due to a memory ordering violation happens on the same cycle as an older branch squashing, clear the state associated with the memory ordering violation.
Lastly don't consider uncached loads to officially be "at commit" until IEW receives the signal back from commit about the load.
src/cpu/o3/inst_queue_impl.hh:
Don't consider non-speculative instructions to be "at commit" until the IQ has received a signal from commit about the instruction. This prevents non-speculative instructions from being issued too early.
src/cpu/o3/mem_dep_unit_impl.hh:
Clear instruction's ability to issue if it's replayed.
--HG--
extra : convert_revision : d69dae878a30821222885485f4dee87170d56eb3
Also don't call (*activeThreads).end() over and over. Just
call activeThreads->end() once and save the result.
Make sure we always check that there are elements in the list
before we grab the first one.
--HG--
extra : convert_revision : d769d8ed52da99532d57a9bbc93e92ddf22b7e58
This fixes a minor bug when multiple FU completions come back out of order (due to the order in which the FUs are freed up), and the oldest redirect isn't recorded properly. The eon benchmark should run now.
src/cpu/o3/iew_impl.hh:
Allow for multiple redirects to happen on a single cycle (only the one for the oldest instruction is passed on to commit).
--HG--
extra : convert_revision : b7d202dee1754539ed814f0fac59adb8c6328ee1
src/cpu/o3/commit_impl.hh:
Fixes for compile and sampling.
src/cpu/o3/cpu.cc:
Deallocate and activate threads properly. Also hopefully fix being able to use caches while switching over.
src/cpu/o3/cpu.hh:
Fixes for deallocating and activating threads.
src/cpu/o3/fetch_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/lsq_unit.hh:
Handle getting back a BadAddress result from the access.
src/cpu/o3/iew_impl.hh:
More debug output.
src/cpu/o3/lsq_unit_impl.hh:
Fixup store conditional handling (still a bit of a hack, but works now).
Also handle getting back a BadAddress result from the access.
src/cpu/o3/thread_context_impl.hh:
Deallocate context now records if the context should be fully removed.
--HG--
extra : convert_revision : 55f81660602d0e25367ce1f5b0b9cfc62abe7bf9
src/arch/alpha/isa_traits.hh:
This got changed to the wrong version by accident.
src/cpu/base.cc:
Fix up progress event to not schedule itself if the interval is set to 0.
src/cpu/base.hh:
Fix up the CPU Progress Event to not print itself if it's set to 0. Also remove stats_reset_inst (something I added to m5 but isn't necessary here).
src/cpu/base_dyn_inst.hh:
src/cpu/checker/cpu.hh:
Remove float variable of instResult; it's always held within the double part now.
src/cpu/checker/cpu_impl.hh:
Use thread and not cpuXC.
src/cpu/o3/alpha/cpu_builder.cc:
src/cpu/o3/checker_builder.cc:
src/cpu/ozone/checker_builder.cc:
src/cpu/ozone/cpu_builder.cc:
src/python/m5/objects/BaseCPU.py:
Remove stats_reset_inst.
src/cpu/o3/commit_impl.hh:
src/cpu/ozone/lw_back_end_impl.hh:
Get TC, not XCProxy.
src/cpu/o3/cpu.cc:
Switch out updates from the version of m5 I have. Also remove serialize code that got added twice.
src/cpu/o3/iew_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/lsq_impl.hh:
src/cpu/thread_state.hh:
Remove code that was added twice.
src/cpu/o3/lsq_unit.hh:
Add back in stats that got lost in the merge.
src/cpu/o3/lsq_unit_impl.hh:
Use proper method to get flags. Also wake CPU if we're coming back from a cache miss.
src/cpu/o3/thread_context_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/thread_state.hh:
Support profiling.
src/cpu/ozone/cpu.hh:
Update to use proper typename.
src/cpu/ozone/cpu_impl.hh:
src/cpu/ozone/dyn_inst_impl.hh:
Updates for newmem.
src/cpu/ozone/lw_lsq_impl.hh:
Get flags correctly.
src/cpu/ozone/thread_state.hh:
Reorder constructor initialization, use tc.
src/sim/pseudo_inst.cc:
Allow for loading of symbol file. Be sure to use ThreadContext and not ExecContext.
--HG--
extra : convert_revision : c5657f84155807475ab4a1e20d944bb6f0d79d94
succesfully but there are some minor quirks to iron out. Who would've known a DELAY SLOT introduces that much complexity?! arrgh!
Anyways, a lot of this stuff had to do with my project at MIPS and me needing to know how I was going to get this working for the MIPS
ISA. So I figured I would try to touch it up and throw it in here (I hate to introduce non-completely working components... )
src/arch/alpha/isa/mem.isa:
spacing
src/arch/mips/faults.cc:
src/arch/mips/faults.hh:
Gabe really authored this
src/arch/mips/isa/decoder.isa:
add StoreConditional Flag to instruction
src/arch/mips/isa/formats/basic.isa:
Steven really did this file
src/arch/mips/isa/formats/branch.isa:
fix bug for uncond/cond control
src/arch/mips/isa/formats/mem.isa:
Adjust O3CPU memory access to use new memory model interface.
src/arch/mips/isa/formats/util.isa:
update LoadStoreBase template
src/arch/mips/isa_traits.cc:
update SERIALIZE partially
src/arch/mips/process.cc:
src/arch/mips/process.hh:
no need for this for NOW. ASID/Virtual addressing handles it
src/arch/mips/regfile/misc_regfile.hh:
add in clear() function and comments for future usage of special misc. regs
src/cpu/base_dyn_inst.hh:
add in nextNPC variable and supporting functions.
add isCondDelaySlot function
Update predTaken and mispredicted functions
src/cpu/base_dyn_inst_impl.hh:
init nextNPC
src/cpu/o3/SConscript:
add MIPS files to compile
src/cpu/o3/alpha/thread_context.hh:
no need for my name on this file
src/cpu/o3/bpred_unit_impl.hh:
Update RAS appropriately for MIPS
src/cpu/o3/comm.hh:
add some extra communication variables to aid in handling the
delay slots
src/cpu/o3/commit.hh:
minor name fix for nextNPC functions.
src/cpu/o3/commit_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/decode_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/fetch_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/iew_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/inst_queue_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/rename_impl.hh:
Fix necessary variables and functions for squashes with delay slots
src/cpu/o3/cpu.cc:
Update function interface ...
adjust removeInstsNotInROB function to recognize delay slots insts
src/cpu/o3/cpu.hh:
update removeInstsNotInROB
src/cpu/o3/decode.hh:
declare necessary variables for handling delay slot
src/cpu/o3/dyn_inst.hh:
Add in MipsDynInst
src/cpu/o3/fetch.hh:
src/cpu/o3/iew.hh:
src/cpu/o3/rename.hh:
declare necessary variables and adjust functions for handling delay slot
src/cpu/o3/inst_queue.hh:
src/cpu/simple/base.cc:
no need for my name here
src/cpu/o3/isa_specific.hh:
add in MIPS files
src/cpu/o3/scoreboard.hh:
dont include alpha specific isa traits!
src/cpu/o3/thread_context.hh:
no need for my name here, i just rearranged where the file goes
src/cpu/static_inst.hh:
add isCondDelaySlot function
src/cpu/o3/mips/cpu.cc:
src/cpu/o3/mips/cpu.hh:
src/cpu/o3/mips/cpu_builder.cc:
src/cpu/o3/mips/cpu_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/mips/dyn_inst.cc:
src/cpu/o3/mips/dyn_inst.hh:
src/cpu/o3/mips/dyn_inst_impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/mips/impl.hh:
src/cpu/o3/mips/params.hh:
src/cpu/o3/mips/thread_context.cc:
src/cpu/o3/mips/thread_context.hh:
MIPS file for O3CPU...mirrors ALPHA definition
--HG--
extra : convert_revision : 9bb199b4085903e49ffd5a4c8ac44d11460d988c
