This patch takes the final step in removing the is_top_level parameter
from the cache. With the recent changes to read requests and write
invalidations, the parameter is no longer needed, and consequently
removed.
This also means that asymmetric cache hierarchies are now fully
supported (and we are actually using them already with L1 caches, but
no table-walker caches, connected to a shared L2).
This patch adds an example configuration in ext/sst/tests/ that allows
an SST/gem5 instance to simulate a 4-core AArch64 system with SST's
memHierarchy components providing all the caches and memories.
This patch adds a random option to memtest.py which allows the user to
easily test valid random tree topologies. The patch also adds a
wrapper script to run soak tests using the newly introduced option.
We also adjust the progress interval and progress limit check to make
the output less noisy, and avoid false positives.
Bring on the pain.
This patch enables users to speficy --os-type on the command
line. This option is used to take specific actions for an OS type,
such as changing the kernel command line. This patch is part of the
Android KitKat enablement.
This patch introduces a few subclasses to the CoherentXBar and
NoncoherentXBar to distinguish the different uses in the system. We
use the crossbar in a wide range of places: interfacing cores to the
L2, as a system interconnect, connecting I/O and peripherals,
etc. Needless to say, these crossbars have very different performance,
and the clock frequency alone is not enough to distinguish these
scenarios.
Instead of trying to capture every possible case, this patch
introduces dedicated subclasses for the three primary use-cases:
L2XBar, SystemXBar and IOXbar. More can be added if needed, and the
defaults can be overridden.
This is a rather unfortunate copy of the memtest.py example script,
that actually stresses the system with true sharing as opposed to the
false sharing of the MemTest. To do so it uses TrafficGen instances to
generate the reads/writes, and MemCheckerMonitor combined with the
MemChecker to check the validity of the read/written values.
As a bonus, this script also enables the addition of prefetchers, and
the traffic is created to have a mix of random addresses and linear
strides. We use the TaggedPrefetcher since the packets do not have a
request with a PC.
At the moment the code is almost identical to the memtest.py script,
and no effort has been made to factor out the construction of the
tree. The challenge is that the instantiation and connection of the
testers and monitors is done as part of the tree building.
This patch revamps the memtest example script and allows for the
insertion of testers at any level in the cache hierarchy. Previously
all created topologies placed testers only at the very top, and the
tree was thus entirely symmetric. With the changes made, it is possible
to not only place testers at the leaf caches (L1), but also to connect
testers at the L2, L3 etc.
As part of the changes the object hierarchy is also simplified to
ensure that the visual representation from the DOT printing looks
sensible. Using SubSystems to group the objects is one of the key
features.
The MemTest class really only tests false sharing, and as such there
was a lot of old cruft that could be removed. This patch cleans up the
tester, and also makes it more clear what the assumptions are. As part
of this simplification the reference functional memory is also
removed.
The regression configs using MemTest are updated to reflect the
changes, and the stats will be bumped in a separate patch. The example
config will be updated in a separate patch due to more extensive
re-work.
In a follow-on patch a new tester will be introduced that uses the
MemChecker to implement true sharing.
when trying to dual boot on arm build_drive_system will only use the default
values for the dtb file, number of processors, and disk image. if you are using
the non-default files by passing values on the command line for example, or by
making a new entry in Benchmarks.py, the build config scripts will still look
for the default files. this will lead to the wrong system files being used, or
the simulator will fail if you do not have them.
Committed by: Nilay Vaish <nilay@cs.wisc.edu>
More documentation at http://gem5.org/Simpoints
Steps to profile, generate, and use SimPoints with gem5:
1. To profile workload and generate SimPoint BBV file, use the
following option:
--simpoint-profile --simpoint-interval <interval length>
Requires single Atomic CPU and fastmem.
<interval length> is in number of instructions.
2. Generate SimPoint analysis using SimPoint 3.2 from UCSD.
(SimPoint 3.2 not included with this flow.)
3. To take gem5 checkpoints based on SimPoint analysis, use the
following option:
--take-simpoint-checkpoint=<simpoint file path>,<weight file
path>,<interval length>,<warmup length>
<simpoint file> and <weight file> is generated by SimPoint analysis
tool from UCSD. SimPoint 3.2 format expected. <interval length> and
<warmup length> are in number of instructions.
4. To resume from gem5 SimPoint checkpoints, use the following option:
--restore-simpoint-checkpoint -r <N> --checkpoint-dir <simpoint
checkpoint path>
<N> is (SimPoint index + 1). E.g., "-r 1" will resume from SimPoint
#0.
Both options accept template which will, through python string formatting,
have "mem", "disk", and "script" values substituted in from the mdesc.
Additional values can be used on a case by case basis by passing them as
keyword arguments to the fillInCmdLine function. That makes it possible to
have specialized parameters for a particular ISA, for instance.
The first option lets you specify the template directly, and the other lets
you specify a file which has the template in it.
In fs.py the io port controller was being attached to the iobus multiple
times. This should be done only once. In se.py, the the option use_map
was being set which no longer exists.
This patch is the final in the series. The whole series and this patch in
particular were written with the aim of interfacing ruby's directory controller
with the memory controller in the classic memory system. This is being done
since ruby's memory controller has not being kept up to date with the changes
going on in DRAMs. Classic's memory controller is more up to date and
supports multiple different types of DRAM. This also brings classic and
ruby ever more close. The patch also changes ruby's memory controller to
expose the same interface.
Both ruby and the system used to maintain memory copies. With the changes
carried for programmed io accesses, only one single memory is required for
fs simulations. This patch sets the copy of memory that used to reside
with the system to null, so that no space is allocated, but address checks
can still be carried out. All the memory accesses now source and sink values
to the memory maintained by ruby.
This changes the default ARM system to a Versatile Express-like system that supports
2GB of memory and PCI devices and updates the default kernels/file-systems for
AArch64 ARM systems (64-bit) to support up to 32GB of memory and PCI devices. Some
platforms that are no longer supported have been pruned from the configuration files.
In addition a set of 64-bit ARM regressions have been added to the regression system.
This patch adds the ability to load in config.ini files generated from
gem5 into another instance of gem5 built without Python configuration
support. The intended use case is for configuring gem5 when it is a
library embedded in another simulation system.
A parallel config file reader is also provided purely in Python to
demonstrate the approach taken and to provided similar functionality
for as-yet-unknown use models. The Python configuration file reader
can read both .ini and .json files.
C++ configuration file reading:
A command line option has been added for scons to enable C++ configuration
file reading: --with-cxx-config
There is an example in util/cxx_config that shows C++ configuration in action.
util/cxx_config/README explains how to build the example.
Configuration is achieved by the object CxxConfigManager. It handles
reading object descriptions from a CxxConfigFileBase object which
wraps a config file reader. The wrapper class CxxIniFile is provided
which wraps an IniFile for reading .ini files. Reading .json files
from C++ would be possible with a similar wrapper and a JSON parser.
After reading object descriptions, CxxConfigManager creates
SimObjectParam-derived objects from the classes in the (generated with this
patch) directory build/ARCH/cxx_config
CxxConfigManager can then build SimObjects from those SimObjectParams (in an
order dictated by the SimObject-value parameters on other objects) and bind
ports of the produced SimObjects.
A minimal set of instantiate-replacing member functions are provided by
CxxConfigManager and few of the member functions of SimObject (such as drain)
are extended onto CxxConfigManager.
Python configuration file reading (configs/example/read_config.py):
A Python version of the reader is also supplied with a similar interface to
CxxConfigFileBase (In Python: ConfigFile) to config file readers.
The Python config file reading will handle both .ini and .json files.
The object construction strategy is slightly different in Python from the C++
reader as you need to avoid objects prematurely becoming the children of other
objects when setting parameters.
Port binding also needs to be strictly in the same port-index order as the
original instantiation.
This patch changes the name of the Bus classes to XBar to better
reflect the actual timing behaviour. The actual instances in the
config scripts are not renamed, and remain as e.g. iobus or membus.
As part of this renaming, the code has also been clean up slightly,
making use of range-based for loops and tidying up some comments. The
only changes outside the bus/crossbar code is due to the delay
variables in the packet.
--HG--
rename : src/mem/Bus.py => src/mem/XBar.py
rename : src/mem/coherent_bus.cc => src/mem/coherent_xbar.cc
rename : src/mem/coherent_bus.hh => src/mem/coherent_xbar.hh
rename : src/mem/noncoherent_bus.cc => src/mem/noncoherent_xbar.cc
rename : src/mem/noncoherent_bus.hh => src/mem/noncoherent_xbar.hh
rename : src/mem/bus.cc => src/mem/xbar.cc
rename : src/mem/bus.hh => src/mem/xbar.hh
This patch fixes scripts related to ruby by adding the ruby clock domain.
Now the L1 controllers and the Sequencer shares the cpu clock domain,
while the rest of the components use the ruby clock domain.
Before this patch, running simulations with the cpu clock set at 2GHz or
1GHz will output the same time results and could distort power measurements.
Committed by: Nilay Vaish <nilay@cs.wisc.edu>
A recent changeset altered the default memory class to DRAMCtrl. In se mode,
ruby uses the physical memory to check if a given address is within the bounds
of the physical memory. SimpleMemory is enough for this. Moreover,
SimpleMemory does not check whether it is connected or not, something which
DRAMCtrl does.
The code that creates test and drive systems is being moved to separate
functions so as to make the code more readable. Ultimately the two
functions would be combined so that the replicated code is eliminated.
The patch removes the ruby_fs.py file. The functionality is being moved to
fs.py. This would being ruby fs simulations in line with how ruby se
simulations are started (using --ruby option). The alpha fs config functions
are being combined for classing and ruby memory systems. This required
renaming the piobus in ruby to iobus. So, we will have stats being renamed
in the stats file for ruby fs regression.
Piobus was recently added to se scripts for ruby so that the interrupt
controller can be connected to something (required since the interrupt
controller sends address range messages). This patch removes the piobus
and instead, the pio port of ruby port will now ignore the range change
messages in se mode.
Couple of errors were discovered in 4eec7bdde5b0 which necessitated this patch.
Firstly, we create interrupt controllers in the se mode, but no piobus was
being created. RubyPort, which earlier used to ignore range changes now
forwards those to the piobus. The lack of piobus resulted in segmentation
fault. This patch creates a piobus even in se mode. It is not created only
when some tester is running. Secondly, I had missed out on modifying port
connections for other coherence protocols.
Currently, the interrupt controller in x86 is connected to the io bus
directly. Therefore the packets between the io devices and the interrupt
controller do not go through ruby. This patch changes ruby port so that
these packets arrive at the ruby port first, which then routes them to their
destination. Note that the patch does not make these packets go through the
ruby network. That would happen in a subsequent patch.
Note: AArch64 and AArch32 interworking is not supported. If you use an AArch64
kernel you are restricted to AArch64 user-mode binaries. This will be addressed
in a later patch.
Note: Virtualization is only supported in AArch32 mode. This will also be fixed
in a later patch.
Contributors:
Giacomo Gabrielli (TrustZone, LPAE, system-level AArch64, AArch64 NEON, validation)
Thomas Grocutt (AArch32 Virtualization, AArch64 FP, validation)
Mbou Eyole (AArch64 NEON, validation)
Ali Saidi (AArch64 Linux support, code integration, validation)
Edmund Grimley-Evans (AArch64 FP)
William Wang (AArch64 Linux support)
Rene De Jong (AArch64 Linux support, performance opt.)
Matt Horsnell (AArch64 MP, validation)
Matt Evans (device models, code integration, validation)
Chris Adeniyi-Jones (AArch64 syscall-emulation)
Prakash Ramrakhyani (validation)
Dam Sunwoo (validation)
Chander Sudanthi (validation)
Stephan Diestelhorst (validation)
Andreas Hansson (code integration, performance opt.)
Eric Van Hensbergen (performance opt.)
Gabe Black
This Python script generates an ARM DS-5 Streamline .apc project based
on gem5 run. To successfully convert, the gem5 runs needs to be run
with the context-switch-based stats dump option enabled (The guest
kernel also needs to be patched to allow gem5 interrogate its task
information.) See help for more information.
A couple of recent changesets added/deleted/edited some variables
that are needed for running the example ruby scripts. This changeset
edits these scripts to bring them to a working state.
Recent changes added setting of system-wide cache line size and these settings
occur in the top-level configs (se.py and fs.py). This setting also needs to
take place in ruby_fs.py. This change sets the cache line size as appropriate.
This patch adds support for specifying multi-channel memory
configurations on the command line, e.g. 'se/fs.py
--mem-type=ddr3_1600_x64 --mem-channels=4'. To enable this, it
enhances the functionality of MemConfig and moves the existing
makeMultiChannel class method from SimpleDRAM to the support scripts.
The se/fs.py example scripts are updated to make use of the new
feature.
This patch changes the default parameter value of conf_table_reported
to match the common case. It also simplifies the regression and config
scripts to reflect this change.
This patch adds the notion of voltage domains, and groups clock
domains that operate under the same voltage (i.e. power supply) into
domains. Each clock domain is required to be associated with a voltage
domain, and the latter requires the voltage to be explicitly set.
A voltage domain is an independently controllable voltage supply being
provided to section of the design. Thus, if you wish to perform
dynamic voltage scaling on a CPU, its clock domain should be
associated with a separate voltage domain.
The current implementation of the voltage domain does not take into
consideration cases where there are derived voltage domains running at
ratio of native voltage domains, as with the case where there can be
on-chip buck/boost (charge pumps) voltage regulation logic.
The regression and configuration scripts are updated with a generic
voltage domain for the system, and one for the CPUs.
This patch moves the instantiation of the memory controller outside
FSConfig and instead relies on the mem_ranges to pass the information
to the caller (e.g. fs.py or one of the regression scripts). The main
motivation for this change is to expose the structural composition of
the memory system and allow more tuning and configuration without
adding a large number of options to the makeSystem functions.
The patch updates the relevant example scripts to maintain the current
functionality. As the order that ports are connected to the memory bus
changes (in certain regresisons), some bus stats are shuffled
around. For example, what used to be layer 0 is now layer 1.
Going forward, options will be added to support the addition of
multi-channel memory controllers.
This patch adds the notion of source- and derived-clock domains to the
ClockedObjects. As such, all clock information is moved to the clock
domain, and the ClockedObjects are grouped into domains.
The clock domains are either source domains, with a specific clock
period, or derived domains that have a parent domain and a divider
(potentially chained). For piece of logic that runs at a derived clock
(a ratio of the clock its parent is running at) the necessary derived
clock domain is created from its corresponding parent clock
domain. For now, the derived clock domain only supports a divider,
thus ensuring a lower speed compared to its parent. Multiplier
functionality implies a PLL logic that has not been modelled yet
(create a separate clock instead).
The clock domains should be used as a mechanism to provide a
controllable clock source that affects clock for every clocked object
lying beneath it. The clock of the domain can (in a future patch) be
controlled by a handler responsible for dynamic frequency scaling of
the respective clock domains.
All the config scripts have been retro-fitted with clock domains. For
the System a default SrcClockDomain is created. For CPUs that run at a
different speed than the system, there is a seperate clock domain
created. This domain incorporates the CPU and the associated
caches. As before, Ruby runs under its own clock domain.
The clock period of all domains are pre-computed, such that no virtual
functions or multiplications are needed when calling
clockPeriod. Instead, the clock period is pre-computed when any
changes occur. For this to be possible, each clock domain tracks its
children.
This patch adds a 'sys_clock' command-line option and use it to assign
clocks to the system during instantiation.
As part of this change, the default clock in the System class is
removed and whenever a system is instantiated a system clock value
must be set. A default value is provided for the command-line option.
The configs and tests are updated accordingly.
