minix/kernel/arch/earm/mpx.S

/* This file is part of the lowest layer of the MINIX kernel.  (The other part 
 * is "proc.c".)  The lowest layer does process switching and message handling. 
 *
 * Kernel is entered either because of kernel-calls, ipc-calls, interrupts or
 * exceptions. TSS is set so that the kernel stack is loaded. The user context is
 * saved to the proc table and the handler of the event is called. Once the
 * handler is done, switch_to_user() function is called to pick a new process,
 * finish what needs to be done for the next process to run, sets its context
 * and switch to userspace.
 */

#include "kernel/kernel.h" /* configures the kernel */

/* sections */

#include <machine/vm.h>
#include "kernel/kernel.h"
#include <minix/config.h>
#include <minix/const.h>
#include <minix/com.h>
#include <machine/asm.h>
#include <machine/interrupt.h>
#include "archconst.h"
#include "kernel/const.h"
#include "kernel/proc.h"
#include "sconst.h"
#include <machine/multiboot.h>
#include <machine/ipcconst.h>
#include <machine/cpu.h>
#include "bsp_intr.h"

#include "arch_proto.h" /* K_STACK_SIZE */

IMPORT(svc_stack)

/*
 * Adjust lr, push pc/psr when exception triggered and switch to SVC mode
 * The 'lr_offset' argument holds the adjustment.
 *
 * When an instruction causes the ARM core to enter the exception handler
 * the value of pc is stored in the link register (lr). By default on ARM
 * the program counter is 3 instruction a head of the current instruction
 * being executed (because of the 3 stage pipeline). Depending on where in
 * the pipeline the exception happens lr will need to de adjusted to find
 * the proper return address.
 */
.macro switch_to_svc lr_offset
	sub	lr, lr, #\lr_offset	/* do the adjustment */
	srsdb	sp!, #MODE_SVC		/* store the saved the return */
					/* address and program status */
					/* register onto the kernel stack */
					/* Also modify the stack pointer. */
	cps	#MODE_SVC		/* do the switch to SVC. */
.endm

/*
 * Test if the exception/interrupt occurred in the kernel.
 * Jump to 'label' argument if it occurred in the kernel.
 *
 * NOTE: switch_to_svc must be called first */
.macro test_int_in_kernel, label
	push	{r3}
	ldr	r3, [sp, #8] 			/* get spsr. */
	orr	r3, r3, #(PSR_F | PSR_I)	/* mask interrupts on return. */
	str	r3, [sp, #8]			/* store spsr. */
	and	r3, r3, #PSR_MODE_MASK		/* mask the ARM mode. */
	cmp	r3, #MODE_USR			/* compare it to user mode. */
	pop	{r3}
	bne	\label				/* In-kernel handling. */
.endm

/* Save the register context to the proc structure */
.macro save_process_ctx
	add	sp, sp, #8		/* We expect srsdb pushed cpsr and lr on */
					/* the stack. */
	ldr	lr, [sp]		/* lr = proc_ptr. */
	stm	lr, {r0-r14}^		/* store the user mode registers */
					/* proc_ptr->p_reg.r0-r14 = r0-r14. */
	ldr	r12, [sp, #-8]		/* r12 = pc stored on the stack. */
	str	r12, [lr, #PCREG]	/* proc_ptr->p_reg.pc = r12. */
	ldr	r12, [sp, #-4]		/* r12 = cpsr stored on the stack. */
	str	r12, [lr, #PSREG]	/* proc_ptr->p_reg.psr = r12. */
.endm

.macro exception_handler exc_name, exc_num, lr_offset
ENTRY(\exc_name\()_entry)
	switch_to_svc \lr_offset
	test_int_in_kernel \exc_name\()_entry_nested

\exc_name\()entry_from_user:
	save_process_ctx

	ldr	fp, [sp]	/* save the pointer to the current process. */
	add	r4, fp, #PCREG	/* save the exception pc (saved lr_user) */
				/* r4-r9 are callee save. */

	/* stop user process cycles */
	mov	r0, fp		/* first param: caller proc ptr. */
	mov	fp, #0		/* for stack trace. */
	bl	_C_LABEL(context_stop)

	/*
	 * push a pointer to the interrupt state pushed by the cpu and the
	 * vector number pushed by the vector handler just before calling
	 * exception_entry and call the exception handler.
	 */
	mov	r0, #0		/* it is not a nested exception. */
	mov	r1, r4		/* saved lr. */
	mov 	r2, #\exc_num	/* vector number */
	bl 	_C_LABEL(exception_handler)
	b	_C_LABEL(switch_to_user)

\exc_name\()_entry_nested:
	push	{r0-r12, lr}
	mov	r0, #1		/* it is a nested exception. */
	add	r1, sp, #56	/* saved lr */
	mov	r2, #\exc_num	/* vector number */
	bl	_C_LABEL(exception_handler)
	pop	{r0-r12, lr}
	rfeia	sp!
.endm


/* Exception handlers */
exception_handler data_abort DATA_ABORT_VECTOR 8
exception_handler prefetch_abort PREFETCH_ABORT_VECTOR 4
exception_handler undefined_inst UNDEFINED_INST_VECTOR 4


ENTRY(irq_entry)
	switch_to_svc 4
	test_int_in_kernel irq_entry_from_kernel

irq_entry_from_user:
	save_process_ctx

	/* save the pointer to the current process */
	ldr	fp, [sp]

	push	{fp}				/* save caller proc ptr. */
	sub	sp, sp, #4			/* maintain stack alignment. */

	/* stop user process cycles */
	mov	r0, fp  			/* first param: caller proc ptr. */
	mov	fp, #0				/* for stack trace. */
	bl	_C_LABEL(context_stop)

	/* call handler */
	bl	_C_LABEL(bsp_irq_handle)	/* bsp_irq_handle(void) */

	add	sp, sp, #4
	pop	{fp}				/* caller proc ptr. */
	dsb					/* data synchronization barrier. */

	b	_C_LABEL(switch_to_user)

irq_entry_from_kernel:
	push	{r0-r12, lr}
	bl	_C_LABEL(context_stop_idle)

	/* call handler */
	bl	_C_LABEL(bsp_irq_handle)	/* bsp_irq_handle(void). */

	/* data synchronization barrier */ dsb 
	pop	{r0-r12, lr}
	rfeia	sp!


/*
 * supervisor call (SVC) kernel entry point
 */
ENTRY(svc_entry)
	/*  Store the LR and the SPSR of the current mode onto the SVC stack */
	srsdb	sp!, #MODE_SVC
	save_process_ctx

	/* save the pointer to the current process */
	ldr	fp, [sp]

	cmp	r3, #KERVEC_INTR
	beq	kernel_call_entry
	cmp	r3, #IPCVEC_INTR
	beq	ipc_entry

	/* return -1 to the current process as an invalid SWI was called .*/
	mov	r0, #-1
	str	r0, [fp, #REG0]
	b	_C_LABEL(switch_to_user)

/*
 * kernel call is only from a process to kernel
 */
ENTRY(kernel_call_entry)
	/*
	 * pass the syscall arguments from userspace to the handler. 
	 * save_process_ctx() does not clobber these registers, they are still
	 * set as the userspace has set them.
	 */
	push	{fp}			/* save caller proc ptr. */
	push	{r0}			/* save msg ptr so it's not clobbered. */

	/* stop user process cycles */
	mov	r0, fp			/* first param: caller proc ptr */
	mov	fp, #0			/* for stack trace */
	bl	_C_LABEL(context_stop)

	pop	{r0} 			/* first param: msg ptr. */
	pop	{r1} 			/* second param: caller proc ptr. */
	bl	_C_LABEL(kernel_call)

	b	_C_LABEL(switch_to_user)

/*
 * IPC is only from a process to kernel
 */
ENTRY(ipc_entry)
	/*
	 * pass the syscall arguments from userspace to the handler.
	 * save_process_ctx() does not clobber these registers, they are still
	 * set as the userspace have set them
	 */
	push	{fp}			/* save caller proc ptr. */
	push	{r0-r2}			/* save regs so they're not clobbered. */

	/* stop user process cycles */
	mov	r0, fp  		/* first param: caller proc ptr. */
	mov	fp, #0  		/* for stack trace. */
	bl	_C_LABEL(context_stop)

	pop	{r0-r2} /* restore regs */
	bl	_C_LABEL(do_ipc)

	/* restore the current process pointer and save the return value */
	pop	{fp}			/* caller proc ptr. */
	str	r0, [fp, #REG0]

	b	_C_LABEL(switch_to_user)

ENTRY(invalid_svc)
	b	.

ENTRY(restore_user_context)
	/* sp holds the proc ptr */
	mov sp, r0

	/* Set SPSR and LR for return */
	ldr r0, [sp, #PSREG]
	msr spsr_fsxc, r0  		/* flags , status, extension control. */
	ldr lr, [sp, #PCREG]

	/* Restore user-mode registers from proc struct */
	ldm sp, {r0-r14}^

	ldr sp, =_C_LABEL(svc_stack)
	ldr sp, [sp]

	/* To user mode! */
	movs pc, lr		/* preferred way of returning from svc */

/*===========================================================================*/
/*				data					     */
/*===========================================================================*/

.data
.short	0x526F	/* this must be the first data entry (magic #) */
.bss
.data
.balign 4
k_initial_stack:
.space	K_STACK_SIZE
LABEL(__k_unpaged_k_initial_stktop)

/*
 * the kernel stack
 */
k_boot_stack:
.space	K_STACK_SIZE	/* kernel stack */ /* FIXME use macro here */
LABEL(k_boot_stktop)	/* top of kernel stack */

.balign K_STACK_SIZE
LABEL(k_stacks_start)

/* two pages for each stack, one for data, other as a sandbox */
.space	2 * (K_STACK_SIZE * CONFIG_MAX_CPUS)

LABEL(k_stacks_end)

/* top of kernel stack */