- Fix for possible unset uid/gid in toproto - Fix for default mtree style - Update libelf - Importing libexecinfo - Resynchronize GCC, mpc, gmp, mpfr - build.sh: Replace params with show-params. This has been done as the make target has been renamed in the same way, while a new target named params has been added. This new target generates a file containing all the parameters, instead of printing it on the console. - Update test48 with new etc/services (Fix by Ben Gras <ben@minix3.org) get getservbyport() out of the inner loop Change-Id: Ie6ad5226fa2621ff9f0dee8782ea48f9443d2091
590 lines
18 KiB
Groff
590 lines
18 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: puffs.3,v 1.58 2013/07/20 21:39:57 wiz Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2006, 2007, 2008 Antti Kantee. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd August 16, 2012
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.Dt PUFFS 3
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm puffs
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.Nd Pass-to-Userspace Framework File System development interface
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.Sh LIBRARY
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.Lb libpuffs
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.In puffs.h
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.Ft struct puffs_usermount *
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.Fo puffs_init
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.Fa "struct puffs_ops *pops" "const char *mntfromname" "const char *puffsname"
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.Fa "void *private" "uint32_t flags"
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.Fc
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.Ft int
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.Fo puffs_mount
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.Fa "struct puffs_usermount *pu" "const char *dir" "int mntflags"
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.Fa "puffs_cookie_t root_cookie"
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.Fc
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.Ft int
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.Fn puffs_getselectable "struct puffs_usermount *pu"
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.Ft int
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.Fn puffs_setblockingmode "struct puffs_usermount *pu" "int mode"
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.Ft int
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.Fn puffs_getstate "struct puffs_usermount *pu"
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.Ft int
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.Fn puffs_setstacksize "struct puffs_usermount *pu" "size_t stacksize"
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.Ft void
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.Fn puffs_setroot "struct puffs_usermount *pu" "struct puffs_node *node"
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.Ft void
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.Fo puffs_setrootinfo
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.Fa "struct puffs_usermount *pu" "enum vtype vt" "vsize_t vsize" "dev_t rdev"
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.Fc
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.Ft struct puffs_node *
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.Fn puffs_getroot "struct puffs_usermount *pu"
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.Ft void *
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.Fn puffs_getspecific "struct puffs_usermount *pu"
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.Ft void
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.Fn puffs_setspecific "struct puffs_usermount *pu" "void *private"
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.Ft void
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.Fn puffs_setmaxreqlen "struct puffs_usermount *pu" "size_t maxreqlen"
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.Ft size_t
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.Fn puffs_getmaxreqlen "struct puffs_usermount *pu"
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.Ft void
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.Fn puffs_setfhsize "struct puffs_usermount *pu" "size_t fhsize" "int flags"
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.Ft void
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.Fn puffs_setncookiehash "struct puffs_usermount *pu" "int nhashes"
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.Ft void
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.Fn puffs_ml_loop_fn "struct puffs_usermount *pu"
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.Ft void
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.Fn puffs_ml_setloopfn "struct puffs_usermount *pu" "puffs_ml_loop_fn lfn"
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.Ft void
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.Fn puffs_ml_settimeout "struct puffs_usermount *pu" "struct timespec *ts"
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.Ft int
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.Fn puffs_daemon "struct puffs_usermount *pu" "int nochdir" "int noclose"
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.Ft int
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.Fn puffs_mainloop "struct puffs_usermount *pu"
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.Ft int
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.Fn puffs_unmountonsignal "int sig" "bool ignoresig"
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.Ft int
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.Fo puffs_dispatch_create
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.Fa "struct puffs_usermount *pu" "struct puffs_framebuf *pb"
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.Fa "struct puffs_cc **pccp"
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.Fc
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.Ft int
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.Fn puffs_dispatch_exec "struct puffs_cc *pcc" "struct puffs_framebuf **pbp"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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provides a framework for creating file systems as userspace servers.
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Operations are transported from the kernel virtual file system layer
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to the concrete implementation behind
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.Nm ,
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where they are processed and results are sent back to the kernel.
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.Pp
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It is possible to use
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.Nm
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in two different ways.
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Calling
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.Fn puffs_mainloop
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takes execution context away from the caller and automatically handles
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all requests by using the callbacks.
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By using
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.Xr puffs_framebuf 3
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in conjuction with
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.Fn puffs_mainloop ,
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it is possible to handle I/O to and from file descriptors.
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This is suited e.g. for distributed file servers.
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.Ss Library operation
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Operations on the library always require a pointer to the opaque context
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identifier,
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.Va struct puffs_usermount .
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It is obtained by calling
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.Fn puffs_init .
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.Pp
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.Nm
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operates using operation callbacks.
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They can be initialized using the macro
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.Fn PUFFSOP_SET pops fsname type opname ,
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which will initialize the operation
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.Fn puffs_type_opname
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in
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.Fa pops
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to
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.Fn fsname_type_opname .
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All operations are initialized to a default state with the call
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.Fn PUFFSOP_INIT pops .
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All of the VFS routines are mandatory, but all of the node operations
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with the exception of
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.Fn puffs_node_lookup
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are optional.
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However, leaving operations blank will naturally have an effect on the
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features available from the file system implementation.
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.Bl -tag -width xxxx
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.It Fn puffs_init pops mntfromname puffsname private flags
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Initializes the library context.
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.Ar pops
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specifies the callback operations vector.
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.Ar mntfromname
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is device the file system is mounted from.
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This can be for example a block device such as
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.Pa /dev/wd0a
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or, if the file system is pseudo file system, the
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.Nm
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device name can be given by
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.Dv _PATH_PUFFS .
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This value is used for example in the first column of the output of
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.Xr mount 8
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and
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.Xr df 1 .
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.Ar puffsname
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is the file system type.
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It will always be prepended with the string "puffs|".
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If possible, file server binaries should be named using the format
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"mount_myfsnamehere" and this value should equal "myfsnamehere".
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A file system specific context pointer can optionally be given in
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.Ar private .
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This can be retrieved by
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.Fn puffs_getspecific .
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Flags for
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.Nm
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can be given via
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.Fa pflags .
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Currently the following flags are supported:
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.Bl -tag -width "XPUFFS_KFLAG_LOOKUP_FULLPNBUF"
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.It Dv PUFFS_KFLAG_NOCACHE_NAME
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Do not enter pathname components into the name cache.
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This means that every time the kernel does a lookup for a
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componentname, the file server will be consulted.
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.It Dv PUFFS_KFLAG_NOCACHE_PAGE
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Do not use the page cache.
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This means that all reads and writes to regular file are
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propagated to the file server for handling.
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This option makes a difference only for regular files.
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.It Dv PUFFS_KFLAG_NOCACHE
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An alias for both
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.Dv PUFFS_KFLAG_NOCACHE_NAME
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and
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.Dv PUFFS_KFLAG_NOCACHE_PAGE .
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.It Dv PUFFS_KFLAG_ALLOPS
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This flag requests that all operations are sent to userspace.
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Normally the kernel shortcircuits unimplemented operations.
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This flag is mostly useful for debugging purposes.
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.It Dv PUFFS_KFLAG_WTCACHE
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Set the file system cache behavior as write-through.
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This means that all writes are immediately issued to the file server
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instead of being flushed in file system sync.
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This is useful especially for distributed file systems.
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.It Dv PUFFS_KFLAG_IAONDEMAND
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Issue inactive only on demand.
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If a file server defines the inactive method, call it only if the file
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server has explicitly requested that inactive be called for the
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node in question.
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Once inactive has been called for a node, it will not be called
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again unless the request to call inactive is reissued by the file server.
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See
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.Fn puffs_setback
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in
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.Xr puffs_ops 3
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for more information.
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.It Dv PUFFS_KFLAG_LOOKUP_FULLPNBUF
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This flag affects only the parameter
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.Ar pcn to
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.Fn puffs_node_lookup .
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If this flag is not given, only the next pathname component under
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lookup is found from
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.Ar pcn-\*[Gt]pcn_name .
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If this flag is given, the full path the kernel was
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asked to resolve can be found from there.
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.It Dv PUFFS_FLAG_BUILDPATH
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The framework will build a complete path name, which is supplied
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with each operation and can be found from the
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.Va pcn_po_full.po_path
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field in a
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.Vt struct puffs_cn .
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The option assumes that the framework can map a cookie to a
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.Vt struct puffs_node .
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See
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.Sx Cookies
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for more information on cookie mapping.
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See
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.Xr puffs_path 3
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for more information on library calls involving paths.
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.It Dv PUFFS_FLAG_HASHPATH
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Calculate a hash of the path into the path object field
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.Va po_hash .
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This hash value is used by
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.Fn puffs_path_walkcmp
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to avoid doing a full comparison for every path equal in length to
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the one searched for.
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Especially if the file system uses the abovementioned function, it
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is a good idea to define this flag.
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.It Dv PUFFS_FLAG_PNCOOKIE
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Tell puffs that cookies map to
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.Vt struct pnode .
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This is automagically set if
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.Fn puffs_pn_new
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is called.
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.It Dv PUFFS_KFLAG_CACHE_FS_TTL
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Enforce name and attribute caches based on file system-supplied TTL.
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In lookup, create, mknod, mkdir, and symlink, the file system must
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update the node attributes, their TTL, and the node name TTL through
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.Fn puffs_newinfo_setva ,
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.Fn puffs_newinfo_setvattl ,
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and
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.Fn puffs_newinfo_setcnttl .
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.Pp
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Additionally,
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.Fn puffs_node_getattr_ttl
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and
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.Fn puffs_node_setattr_ttl
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will be called instead of
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.Fn puffs_node_getattr
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and
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.Fn puffs_node_setattr .
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.It Dv PUFFS_KFLAG_CACHE_DOTDOT
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Never send lookups for
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.Dq ..
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to the filesystem.
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Parent vnodes are all kept active until their children are reclaimed.
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.It Dv PUFFS_FLAG_OPDUMP
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This option makes the framework dump a textual representation of
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each operation before executing it.
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It is useful for debugging purposes.
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.El
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.El
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.Pp
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The following functions can be used to query or modify the global
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state of the file system.
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Note, that all calls are not available at all times.
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.Bl -tag -width xxxx
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.It Fn puffs_getselectable "pu"
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Returns a handle to do I/O multiplexing with:
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.Xr select 2 ,
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.Xr poll 2 ,
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and
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.Xr kqueue 2
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are all examples of acceptable operations.
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.It Fn puffs_setblockingmode "pu" "mode"
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Sets the file system upstream access to blocking or non-blocking mode.
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Acceptable values for the argument are
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.Dv PUFFSDEV_BLOCK
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and
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.Dv PUFFSDEV_NONBLOCK .
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.Pp
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This routine can be called only after calling
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.Fn puffs_mount .
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.It Fn puffs_getstate "pu"
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Returns the state of the file system.
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It is maintained by the framework and is mostly useful for the framework
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itself.
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Possible values are
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.Dv PUFFS_STATE_BEFOREMOUNT ,
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.Dv PUFFS_STATE_RUNNING ,
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.Dv PUFFS_STATE_UNMOUNTING
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and
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.Dv PUFFS_STATE_UNMOUNTED .
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.It Fn puffs_setstacksize "pu" "stacksize"
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Sets the stack size used when running callbacks.
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The default is
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.Dv PUFFS_STACKSIZE_DEFAULT
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bytes of stack space per request.
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The minimum stacksize is architecture-dependent and can be specified
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by using the opaque constant
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.Dv PUFFS_STACKSIZE_MIN .
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.It Fn puffs_setroot "pu" "node"
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Sets the root node of mount
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.Fa pu
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to
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.Fa "node" .
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Setting the root node is currently required only if the path
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framework is used, see
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.Xr puffs_path 3 .
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.It Fn puffs_setrootinfo pu vt vsize rdev
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The default root node is a directory.
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In case the file system wants something different, it can call this
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function and set the type, size and possible device type to whatever
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it wants.
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This routine is independent of
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.Fn puffs_setroot .
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.It Fn puffs_getroot "pu"
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Returns the root node set earlier.
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.It Fn puffs_getspecific "pu"
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Returns the
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.Fa private
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argument of
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.Fn puffs_init .
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.It Fn puffs_setspecific "pu" "private"
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Can be used to set the specific data after the call to
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.Fn puffs_init .
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.It Fn puffs_setmaxreqlen "pu" "maxreqlen"
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In case the file system desires a maximum buffer length different from
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the default, the amount
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.Fa maxreqlen
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will be requested from the kernel when the file system is mounted.
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.Pp
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It is legal to call this function only between
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.Fn puffs_init
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and
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.Fn puffs_mount .
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.Pp
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.Em NOTE
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This does not currently work.
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.It Fn puffs_getmaxreqlen "pu"
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Returns the maximum request length the kernel will need for a single
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request.
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.Pp
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.Em NOTE
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This does not currently work.
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.It Fn puffs_setfhsize "pu" "fhsize" "flags"
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Sets the desired file handle size.
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This must be called if the file system wishes to support NFS exporting
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file systems of the
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.Fn fh*
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family of function calls.
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.Pp
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In case all nodes in the file system produce the same length file handle,
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it must be supplied as
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.Fa fhsize .
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In this case, the file system may ignore the length parameters in the
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file handle callback routines, as the kernel will always pass the
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correct length buffer.
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However, if the file handle size varies according to file, the argument
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.Fa fhsize
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defines the maximum size of a file handle for the file system.
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In this case the file system must take care of the handle lengths by
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itself in the file handle callbacks, see
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.Xr puffs_ops 3
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for more information.
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Also, the flag
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.Dv PUFFS_FHFLAG_DYNAMIC
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must be provided in the argument
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.Fa flags .
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.Pp
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In case the file system wants to sanity check its file handle lengths
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for the limits of NFS, it can supply
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.Dv PUFFS_FHFLAG_NFSV2
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and
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.Dv PUFFS_FHFLAG_NFSV3
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in the
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.Fa flags
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parameter.
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It is especially important to note that these are not directly the
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limits specified by the protocols, as the kernel uses some bytes from
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the buffer space.
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In case the file handles are too large, mount will return an error.
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.Pp
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It is legal to call this function only between
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.Fn puffs_init
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and
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.Fn puffs_mount .
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.It Fn puffs_setncookiehash "pu" "ncookiehash"
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The parameter
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.Fa ncookiehash
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controls the amount of hash buckets the kernel has for reverse lookups
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from cookie to vnode.
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Technically the default is enough, but a memory/time tradeoff can be
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made by increasing this for file systems which know they will have
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very many active files.
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.Pp
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It is legal to call this function only between
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.Fn puffs_init
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and
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.Fn puffs_mount .
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.El
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.Pp
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After the correct setup for the library has been established and the
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backend has been initialized the file system is made operational by calling
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.Fn puffs_mount .
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After this function returns the file system should start processing requests.
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.Bl -tag -width xxxx
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.It Fn puffs_mount pu dir mntflags root_cookie
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.Ar pu
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is the library context pointer from
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.Fn puffs_init .
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The argument
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.Fa dir
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signifies the mount point and
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.Fa mntflags
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is the flagset given to
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.Xr mount 2 .
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The value
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.Ar root_cookie
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will be used as the cookie for the file system root node.
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.El
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.Ss Using the built-in eventloop
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.Bl -tag -width xxxx
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.It Fn puffs_ml_loop_fn pu
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Loop function signature.
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.It Fn puffs_ml_setloopfn pu lfn
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Set loop function to
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.Ar lfn .
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This function is called once each time the event loop loops.
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It is not a well-defined interval, but it can be made fairly regular
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by setting the loop timeout by
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.Fn puffs_ml_settimeout .
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.It Fn puffs_ml_settimeout pu ts
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Sets the loop timeout to
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.Ar ts
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or disables it if
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.Ar ts
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is
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.Dv NULL .
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This can be used to roughly control how often the loop callback
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.Fn lfn
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is called
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.It Fn puffs_daemon pu nochdir noclose
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Detach from the console like
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.Fn daemon 3 .
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This call synchronizes with
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.Fn puffs_mount
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and the foreground process does not exit before the file system mount
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call has returned from the kernel.
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Since this routine internally calls fork, it has to be called
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.Em before
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.Fn puffs_mount .
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.It Fn puffs_mainloop pu flags
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Handle all requests automatically until the file system is unmounted.
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It returns 0 if the file system was successfully unmounted or \-1 if it
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was killed in action.
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.Pp
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In case
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.Xr puffs_framebuf 3
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has been initialized, I/O from the relevant descriptors is processed
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automatically by the eventloop.
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.It Fn puffs_unmountonsignal signum ignoresig
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|
Cause all file servers within the process to initiate unmount upon
|
|
receipt of signal
|
|
.Ar signum .
|
|
This works only for servers which call
|
|
.Fn puffs_mainloop
|
|
and must be called before any server within the process enters the mainloop.
|
|
The process signal handler is still called before starting the unmount
|
|
procedure.
|
|
The parameter
|
|
.Ar ignoresig
|
|
is provided as a convenience and tells if to install a signal handler
|
|
to ignore
|
|
.Ar sig
|
|
so that the process will not e.g. terminate based on the default action
|
|
before the file system unmount can be initiated.
|
|
.It Fn puffs_dispatch_create pu pb pccp
|
|
.It Fn puffs_dispatch_exec pcc pbp
|
|
In case the use of
|
|
.Fn puffs_mainloop
|
|
is not possible, requests may be dispatched manually.
|
|
However, as this is less efficient than using the mainloop,
|
|
it should never be the first preference.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Calling
|
|
.Fn puffs_dispatch_create
|
|
creates a dispatch request.
|
|
The argument
|
|
.Ar pb
|
|
should contains a valid request and upon success
|
|
.Ar pccp
|
|
will contain a valid request context.
|
|
This context is passed to
|
|
.Fn puffs_dispatch_exec
|
|
to execute the request.
|
|
If the request yielded before completing, the routine returns 0,
|
|
otherwise 1.
|
|
When the routine completes,
|
|
.Ar pcc
|
|
is made invalid and a pointer to the processed buffer is placed in
|
|
.Ar pbp .
|
|
It is the responsibility of the caller to send the response (if
|
|
necessary) and destroy the buffer.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
See
|
|
.Xr puffs_cc 3
|
|
and
|
|
.Xr puffs_framebuf 3
|
|
for further information.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Ss Cookies
|
|
Every file (regular file, directory, device node, ...) instance is
|
|
attached to the kernel using a cookie.
|
|
A cookie should uniquely map to a file during its lifetime.
|
|
If file instances are kept in memory, a simple strategy is to use
|
|
the virtual address of the structure describing the file.
|
|
The cookie can be recycled when
|
|
.Fn puffs_node_reclaim
|
|
is called for a node.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For some operations (such as building paths) the framework needs to map
|
|
the cookie to the framework-level structure describing a file,
|
|
.Vt struct puffs_node .
|
|
It is advisable to simply use the
|
|
.Vt struct puffs_node
|
|
address as a cookie and store file system specific data in the private
|
|
portion of
|
|
.Vt struct puffs_node .
|
|
The library assumes this by default.
|
|
If it is not desirable, the file system implementation can call
|
|
.Fn puffs_set_cookiemap
|
|
to provide an alternative cookie-to-node mapping function.
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr mount 2 ,
|
|
.Xr puffs_cc 3 ,
|
|
.Xr puffs_cred 3 ,
|
|
.Xr puffs_flush 3 ,
|
|
.Xr puffs_framebuf 3 ,
|
|
.Xr puffs_node 3 ,
|
|
.Xr puffs_ops 3 ,
|
|
.Xr puffs_path 3 ,
|
|
.Xr refuse 3 ,
|
|
.Xr puffs 4
|
|
.Rs
|
|
.%A Antti Kantee
|
|
.%D March 2007
|
|
.%J Proceedings of AsiaBSDCon 2007
|
|
.%P pp. 29-42
|
|
.%T puffs - Pass-to-Userspace Framework File System
|
|
.Re
|
|
.Rs
|
|
.%A Antti Kantee
|
|
.%D September 2007
|
|
.%I Helsinki University of Technology
|
|
.%R Tech Report TKK-TKO-B157
|
|
.%T Using puffs for Implementing Client-Server Distributed File Systems
|
|
.Re
|
|
.Rs
|
|
.%A Antti Kantee
|
|
.%A Alistair Crooks
|
|
.%D September 2007
|
|
.%J EuroBSDCon 2007
|
|
.%T ReFUSE: Userspace FUSE Reimplementation Using puffs
|
|
.Re
|
|
.Rs
|
|
.%A Antti Kantee
|
|
.%D March 2008
|
|
.%J Proceedings of AsiaBSDCon 2008
|
|
.%P pp. 55-70
|
|
.%T Send and Receive of File System Protocols: Userspace Approach With puffs
|
|
.Re
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
An unsupported experimental version of
|
|
.Nm
|
|
first appeared in
|
|
.Nx 4.0 .
|
|
A stable version appeared in
|
|
.Nx 5.0 .
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
.An Antti Kantee Aq Mt pooka@iki.fi
|