minix/lib/libc/gen/makecontext.3
Ben Gras 2fe8fb192f Full switch to clang/ELF. Drop ack. Simplify.
There is important information about booting non-ack images in
docs/UPDATING. ack/aout-format images can't be built any more, and
booting clang/ELF-format ones is a little different. Updating to the
new boot monitor is recommended.

Changes in this commit:

	. drop boot monitor -> allowing dropping ack support
	. facility to copy ELF boot files to /boot so that old boot monitor
	  can still boot fairly easily, see UPDATING
	. no more ack-format libraries -> single-case libraries
	. some cleanup of OBJECT_FMT, COMPILER_TYPE, etc cases
	. drop several ack toolchain commands, but not all support
	  commands (e.g. aal is gone but acksize is not yet).
	. a few libc files moved to netbsd libc dir
	. new /bin/date as minix date used code in libc/
	. test compile fix
	. harmonize includes
	. /usr/lib is no longer special: without ack, /usr/lib plays no
	  kind of special bootstrapping role any more and bootstrapping
	  is done exclusively through packages, so releases depend even
	  less on the state of the machine making them now.
	. rename nbsd_lib* to lib*
	. reduce mtree
2012-02-14 14:52:02 +01:00

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.\" $NetBSD: makecontext.3,v 1.9 2010/04/29 06:07:35 jruoho Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 2001, 2009 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
.\" by Klaus Klein.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.Dd April 29, 2010
.Dt MAKECONTEXT 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm makecontext ,
.Nm swapcontext
.Nd manipulate user contexts
.Sh LIBRARY
.Lb libc
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In ucontext.h
.Ft void
.Fn makecontext "ucontext_t *ucp" "void (*func)()" "int argc" ...
.Ft int
.Fn swapcontext "ucontext_t * restrict oucp" "ucontext_t * restrict ucp"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Fn makecontext
function modifies the object pointed to by
.Fa ucp ,
which has been initialized using
.Xr getcontext 2 .
When this context is resumed using
.Fn swapcontext
or
.Xr setcontext 2 ,
program execution continues as if
.Fa func
had been called with the arguments specified after
.Fa argc
in the call of
.Fn makecontext .
The value of
.Fa argc
must be equal to the number of integer arguments following it,
and must be equal to the number of integer arguments expected by
.Fa func ;
otherwise, the behavior is undefined.
.Pp
Before being modified using
.Fn makecontext ,
a stack must be allocated for the context (in the
.Fa uc_stack
member), and a context to resume after
.Fa func
has returned must be determined (pointed to by the
.Fa uc_link
member);
otherwise, the behavior is undefined.
If
.Fa uc_link
is a null pointer, then the context is the main context,
and the process will exit with an exit status of 0 upon return.
.Pp
The
.Fn swapcontext
function saves the current context in the object pointed to by
.Fa oucp ,
sets the current context to that specified in the object pointed to by
.Fa ucp ,
and resumes execution.
When a context saved by
.Fn swapcontext
is restored using
.Xr setcontext 2 ,
execution will resume as if the corresponding invocation of
.Fn swapcontext
had just returned (successfully).
.Sh RETURN VALUES
The
.Fn makecontext
function returns no value.
.Pp
On success,
.Fn swapcontext
returns a value of 0,
Otherwise, \-1 is returned and
.Va errno
is set to indicate the error.
.Sh ERRORS
The
.Fn swapcontext
function will fail if:
.Bl -tag -width Er
.It Bq Er EFAULT
The
.Fa oucp
argument or the
.Fa ucp
argument points to an invalid address.
.It Bq Er EINVAL
The contents of the datum pointed to by
.Fa ucp
are invalid.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr _exit 2 ,
.Xr getcontext 2 ,
.Xr setcontext 2 ,
.Xr ucontext 2
.Sh STANDARDS
The
.Fn makecontext
and
.Fn swapcontext
functions conform to
.St -xsh5
and
.St -p1003.1-2001 .
.Pp
The
.St -p1003.1-2004
revision marked the functions
.Fn makecontext
and
.Fn swapcontext
as obsolete, citing portability issues and recommending the use of
.Tn POSIX
threads instead.
The
.St -p1003.1-2008
revision removed the functions from the specification.
.Pp
.Bf -symbolic
The standard does not clearly define the type of integer arguments
passed to
.Fa func
via
.Fn makecontext ;
portable applications should not rely on the implementation detail that
it may be possible to pass pointer arguments to functions.
.Ef
This may be clarified in a future revision of the standard.
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Fn makecontext
and
.Fn swapcontext
functions first appeared in
.At V.4 .
.Sh CAVEATS
Due to limitations in the current pthread implementation,
.Nm
should not be used in programs which link against the
.Xr pthread 3
library (whether threads are used or not).