338 lines
7.9 KiB
Groff
338 lines
7.9 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: install.1,v 1.47 2012/04/08 22:00:40 wiz Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1987, 1990, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)install.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
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.\"
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.Dd May 1, 2009
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.Dt INSTALL 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm install
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.Nd install binaries
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl bcprsU
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.Op Fl a Ar command
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.Op Fl B Ar suffix
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.Op Fl D Ar destdir
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.Op Fl f Ar flags
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.Op Fl g Ar group
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.Op Fl h Ar hash
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.Op Fl l Ar linkflags
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.Op Fl M Ar metalog
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.Op Fl m Ar mode
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.Op Fl N Ar dbdir
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.Op Fl o Ar owner
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.Op Fl S Ar stripflag
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.Op Fl T Ar tags
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.Ar file1 file2
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.Nm
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.Op Fl bcprsU
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.Op Fl a Ar command
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.Op Fl B Ar suffix
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.Op Fl D Ar destdir
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.Op Fl f Ar flags
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.Op Fl g Ar group
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.Op Fl h Ar hash
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.Op Fl l Ar linkflags
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.Op Fl M Ar metalog
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.Op Fl m Ar mode
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.Op Fl N Ar dbdir
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.Op Fl o Ar owner
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.Op Fl S Ar stripflag
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.Op Fl T Ar tags
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.Ar file1 ...\&
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.Ar fileN directory
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.Nm
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.Fl d
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.Op Fl pU
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.Op Fl a Ar command
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.Op Fl D Ar destdir
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.Op Fl g Ar group
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.Op Fl M Ar metalog
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.Op Fl m Ar mode
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.Op Fl N Ar dbdir
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.Op Fl o Ar owner
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.Op Fl T Ar tags
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.Ar directory ...\&
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The file(s) are copied
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(or linked if the
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.Fl l
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option is specified) to the target file or directory.
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If the destination is a directory, then the
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.Ar file
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is copied into
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.Ar directory
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with its original filename.
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If the target file already exists, it is
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either renamed to
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.Ar file.old
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if the
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.Fl b
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option is given
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or overwritten
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if permissions allow; an alternate backup suffix may be specified via the
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.Fl B
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option's argument.
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width XsXXstripflagsXX
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.It Fl a Ar command
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Run
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.Ar command
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on the target after installation and stripping
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.Pq Fl s ,
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but before
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ownership, permissions or timestamps are set and before renaming
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.Pq Fl r
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occurs.
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.Ar command
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is invoked via the
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.Xr sh 1
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shell, allowing a single
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.Fl a
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argument be to specified to
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.Nm
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which the shell can then tokenize.
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.It Fl B Ar suffix
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Use
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.Ar suffix
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as the backup suffix if
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.Fl b
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is given.
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If
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.Ar suffix
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contains a '%' sign, a numbered backup will be performed, and the
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%-pattern will be expanded using
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.Xr sprintf 3 ,
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given an integer counter as the backup number.
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The counter used starts from 0, and the first available name resulting
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from the expansion is used.
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.It Fl b
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Backup any existing files before overwriting them by renaming
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them to
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.Ar file.old . See
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.Fl B
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for specifying a different backup suffix.
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.It Fl c
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Copy the file.
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This is the default behavior; the flag is maintained for backwards
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compatibility only.
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.It Fl D Ar destdir
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Specify the
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.Ev DESTDIR
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(top of the file hierarchy) that the items are installed in to.
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If
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.Fl M Ar metalog
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is in use, a leading string of
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.Dq Ar destdir
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will be removed from the file names logged to the
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.Ar metalog .
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This option does not affect where the actual files are installed.
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.It Fl d
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Create directories.
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Missing parent directories are created as required.
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.It Fl f Ar flags
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Specify the target's file flags.
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(See
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.Xr chflags 1
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for a list of possible flags and their meanings.)
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.It Fl g Ar group
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Specify a group.
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.It Fl h Ar hash
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When copying, calculate the digest of the files with
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.Ar hash
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to store in the
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.Fl M Ar metalog .
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Supported digests:
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.Bl -tag -width rmd160 -offset indent
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.It Sy none
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No hash.
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This is the default.
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.It Sy md5
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The MD5 cryptographic message digest.
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.It Sy rmd160
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The RMD-160 cryptographic message digest.
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.It Sy sha1
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The SHA-1 cryptographic message digest.
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.It Sy sha256
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The 256-bits
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.Tn SHA-2
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cryptographic message digest of the file.
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.It Sy sha384
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The 384-bits
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.Tn SHA-2
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cryptographic message digest of the file.
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.It Sy sha512
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The 512-bits
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.Tn SHA-2
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cryptographic message digest of the file.
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.El
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.It Fl l Ar linkflags
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Instead of copying the file make a link to the source.
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The type of the link is determined by the
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.Ar linkflags
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argument.
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Valid
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.Ar linkflags
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are:
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.Ar a
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(absolute),
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.Ar r
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(relative),
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.Ar h
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(hard),
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.Ar s
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(symbolic),
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.Ar m
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(mixed).
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Absolute and relative have effect only for symbolic links.
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Mixed links
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are hard links for files on the same filesystem, symbolic otherwise.
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.It Fl M Ar metalog
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Write the metadata associated with each item installed to
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.Ar metalog
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in an
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.Xr mtree 8
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.Dq full path
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specification line.
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The metadata includes: the file name and file type, and depending upon
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other options, the owner, group, file flags, modification time, and tags.
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.It Fl m Ar mode
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Specify an alternative mode.
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The default mode is set to rwxr-xr-x (0755).
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The specified mode may be either an octal or symbolic value; see
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.Xr chmod 1
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for a description of possible mode values.
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.It Fl N Ar dbdir
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Use the user database text file
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.Pa master.passwd
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and group database text file
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.Pa group
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from
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.Ar dbdir ,
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rather than using the results from the system's
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.Xr getpwnam 3
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and
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.Xr getgrnam 3
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(and related) library calls.
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.It Fl o Ar owner
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Specify an owner.
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.It Fl p
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Preserve the source files access and modification times.
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.It Fl r
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Install to a temporary file and then rename the file to its final destination
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name.
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This can be used for precious files, to avoid truncation of the original
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when error conditions (filesystem full etc.) occur.
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.It Fl S Ar stripflags
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.Nm
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passes
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.Ar stripflags
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as option arguments to
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.Xr strip 1 .
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When
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.Fl S
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is used,
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.Xr strip 1
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is invoked via the
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.Xr sh 1
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shell, allowing a single
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.Fl S
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argument be to specified to
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.Nm
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which the shell can then tokenize.
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Normally,
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.Nm
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invokes
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.Xr strip 1
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directly.
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This flag implies
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.Fl s .
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.It Fl s
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.Nm
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exec's the command
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.Xr strip 1
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to strip binaries so that install can be portable over a large
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number of systems and binary types.
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If the environment variable
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.Ev STRIP
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is set, it is used as the
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.Xr strip 1
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program.
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.It Fl T Ar tags
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Specify the
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.Xr mtree 8
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tags to write out for the file when using
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.Fl M Ar metalog .
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.It Fl U
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Indicate that install is running unprivileged, and that it should not
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try to change the owner, the group, or the file flags of the destination.
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The information that would have been updated can be stored in a log
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file with
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.Fl M Ar metalog .
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.El
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.Pp
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By default,
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.Nm
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preserves all file flags, with the exception of the ``nodump'' flag.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility attempts to prevent copying a file onto itself.
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.Pp
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Installing
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.Pa /dev/null
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creates an empty file.
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.Sh ENVIRONMENT
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.Bl -tag -width Fl
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.It Ev STRIP
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The program used to strip installed binaries when the
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.Fl s
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option is used.
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If unspecified,
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.Pa /usr/bin/strip
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is used.
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.El
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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.Ex -std
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr chflags 1 ,
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.Xr chgrp 1 ,
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.Xr chmod 1 ,
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.Xr cp 1 ,
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.Xr mv 1 ,
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.Xr strip 1 ,
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.Xr chown 8 ,
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.Xr mtree 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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utility appeared in
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.Bx 4.2 .
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