2fe8fb192f
There is important information about booting non-ack images in docs/UPDATING. ack/aout-format images can't be built any more, and booting clang/ELF-format ones is a little different. Updating to the new boot monitor is recommended. Changes in this commit: . drop boot monitor -> allowing dropping ack support . facility to copy ELF boot files to /boot so that old boot monitor can still boot fairly easily, see UPDATING . no more ack-format libraries -> single-case libraries . some cleanup of OBJECT_FMT, COMPILER_TYPE, etc cases . drop several ack toolchain commands, but not all support commands (e.g. aal is gone but acksize is not yet). . a few libc files moved to netbsd libc dir . new /bin/date as minix date used code in libc/ . test compile fix . harmonize includes . /usr/lib is no longer special: without ack, /usr/lib plays no kind of special bootstrapping role any more and bootstrapping is done exclusively through packages, so releases depend even less on the state of the machine making them now. . rename nbsd_lib* to lib* . reduce mtree
164 lines
5.1 KiB
Groff
164 lines
5.1 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: mlock.2,v 1.18 2004/05/13 10:20:58 wiz Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)mlock.2 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93
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.\"
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.Dd June 2, 1993
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.Dt MLOCK 2
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm mlock ,
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.Nm munlock
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.Nd lock (unlock) physical pages in memory
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.Sh LIBRARY
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.Lb libc
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.In sys/mman.h
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.Ft int
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.Fn mlock "void *addr" "size_t len"
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.Ft int
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.Fn munlock "void *addr" "size_t len"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm mlock
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system call
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locks into memory the physical pages associated with the virtual address
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range starting at
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.Fa addr
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for
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.Fa len
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bytes.
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The
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.Nm munlock
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call unlocks pages previously locked by one or more
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.Nm mlock
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calls.
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For both, the
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.Fa addr
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parameter should be aligned to a multiple of the page size.
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If the
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.Fa len
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parameter is not a multiple of the page size, it will be rounded up
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to be so.
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The entire range must be allocated.
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.Pp
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After an
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.Nm mlock
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call, the indicated pages will cause neither a non-resident page
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nor address-translation fault until they are unlocked.
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They may still cause protection-violation faults or TLB-miss faults on
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architectures with software-managed TLBs.
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The physical pages remain in memory until all locked mappings for the pages
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are removed.
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Multiple processes may have the same physical pages locked via their own
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virtual address mappings.
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A single process may likewise have pages multiply-locked via different virtual
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mappings of the same pages or via nested
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.Nm mlock
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calls on the same address range.
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Unlocking is performed explicitly by
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.Nm munlock
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or implicitly by a call to
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.Nm munmap
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which deallocates the unmapped address range.
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Locked mappings are not inherited by the child process after a
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.Xr fork 2 .
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.Pp
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Since physical memory is a potentially scarce resource, processes are
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limited in how much they can lock down.
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A single process can
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.Nm mlock
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the minimum of
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a system-wide ``wired pages'' limit and
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the per-process
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.Li RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
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resource limit.
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.Sh RETURN VALUES
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A return value of 0 indicates that the call
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succeeded and all pages in the range have either been locked or unlocked.
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A return value of \-1 indicates an error occurred and the locked
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status of all pages in the range remains unchanged.
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In this case, the global location
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.Va errno
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is set to indicate the error.
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.Sh ERRORS
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.Fn mlock
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will fail if:
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.Bl -tag -width Er
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.It Bq Er EINVAL
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The address given is not page aligned or the length is negative.
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.It Bq Er EAGAIN
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Locking the indicated range would exceed either the system or per-process
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limit for locked memory.
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.It Bq Er ENOMEM
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Some portion of the indicated address range is not allocated.
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There was an error faulting/mapping a page.
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.It Bq Er EPERM
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.Fn mlock
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was called by non-root on an architecture where locked page accounting
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is not implemented.
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.Pp
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.El
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.Fn munlock
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will fail if:
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.Bl -tag -width Er
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.It Bq Er EINVAL
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The address given is not page aligned or the length is negative.
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.It Bq Er ENOMEM
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Some portion of the indicated address range is not allocated.
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Some portion of the indicated address range is not locked.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr fork 2 ,
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.Xr mincore 2 ,
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.Xr mmap 2 ,
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.Xr munmap 2 ,
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.Xr setrlimit 2 ,
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.Xr getpagesize 3
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.Sh STANDARDS
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The
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.Fn mlock
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and
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.Fn munlock
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functions conform to
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.St -p1003.1b-93 .
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Fn mlock
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and
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.Fn munlock
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functions first appeared in
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.Bx 4.4 .
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.Sh BUGS
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The per-process resource limit is a limit on the amount of virtual
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memory locked, while the system-wide limit is for the number of locked
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physical pages.
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Hence a process with two distinct locked mappings of the same physical page
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counts as 2 pages against the per-process limit and as only a single page
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in the system limit.
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