minix/kernel/system.c
Tomas Hruby 8a03d497b8 System task initialization moved to main()
- the system task initialization code does not really need to be part
  of the system task process. An earlier initialization in kernel is
  cleaner as it does not only initialize the syscalls but also irq
  hooks etc.
2010-02-09 15:12:20 +00:00

593 lines
22 KiB
C

/* This task handles the interface between the kernel and user-level servers.
* System services can be accessed by doing a system call. System calls are
* transformed into request messages, which are handled by this task. By
* convention, a sys_call() is transformed in a SYS_CALL request message that
* is handled in a function named do_call().
*
* A private call vector is used to map all system calls to the functions that
* handle them. The actual handler functions are contained in separate files
* to keep this file clean. The call vector is used in the system task's main
* loop to handle all incoming requests.
*
* In addition to the main sys_task() entry point, which starts the main loop,
* there are several other minor entry points:
* get_priv: assign privilege structure to user or system process
* set_sendto_bit: allow a process to send messages to a new target
* unset_sendto_bit: disallow a process from sending messages to a target
* send_sig: send a signal directly to a system process
* cause_sig: take action to cause a signal to occur via PM
* sig_delay_done: tell PM that a process is not sending
* umap_bios: map virtual address in BIOS_SEG to physical
* get_randomness: accumulate randomness in a buffer
* clear_endpoint: remove a process' ability to send and receive messages
*
* Changes:
* Nov 22, 2009 get_priv supports static priv ids (Cristiano Giuffrida)
* Aug 04, 2005 check if system call is allowed (Jorrit N. Herder)
* Jul 20, 2005 send signal to services with message (Jorrit N. Herder)
* Jan 15, 2005 new, generalized virtual copy function (Jorrit N. Herder)
* Oct 10, 2004 dispatch system calls from call vector (Jorrit N. Herder)
* Sep 30, 2004 source code documentation updated (Jorrit N. Herder)
*/
#include "debug.h"
#include "kernel.h"
#include "system.h"
#include "proc.h"
#include "vm.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/sigcontext.h>
#include <minix/endpoint.h>
#include <minix/safecopies.h>
#include <minix/portio.h>
/* Declaration of the call vector that defines the mapping of system calls
* to handler functions. The vector is initialized in sys_init() with map(),
* which makes sure the system call numbers are ok. No space is allocated,
* because the dummy is declared extern. If an illegal call is given, the
* array size will be negative and this won't compile.
*/
PUBLIC int (*call_vec[NR_SYS_CALLS])(struct proc * caller, message *m_ptr);
char *callnames[NR_SYS_CALLS];
#define map(call_nr, handler) \
{extern int dummy[NR_SYS_CALLS>(unsigned)(call_nr-KERNEL_CALL) ? 1:-1];} \
callnames[(call_nr-KERNEL_CALL)] = #call_nr; \
call_vec[(call_nr-KERNEL_CALL)] = (handler)
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void initialize, (void));
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( struct proc *vmrestart_check, (message *));
/*===========================================================================*
* sys_task *
*===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void sys_task()
{
/* Main entry point of sys_task. Get the message and dispatch on type. */
static message m;
register int result;
register struct proc *caller_ptr;
int s;
int call_nr;
int who_p;
endpoint_t who_e;
while (TRUE) {
struct proc *restarting;
restarting = vmrestart_check(&m);
if(!restarting) {
int r;
/* Get work. Block and wait until a request message arrives. */
if((r=receive(ANY, &m)) != OK)
minix_panic("receive() failed", r);
}
call_nr = m.m_type - KERNEL_CALL;
who_e = m.m_source;
okendpt(who_e, &who_p);
caller_ptr = proc_addr(who_p);
/* See if the caller made a valid request and try to handle it. */
if (call_nr < 0 || call_nr >= NR_SYS_CALLS) { /* check call number */
kprintf("SYSTEM: illegal request %d from %d.\n",
call_nr,m.m_source);
result = EBADREQUEST; /* illegal message type */
}
else if (!GET_BIT(priv(caller_ptr)->s_k_call_mask, call_nr)) {
result = ECALLDENIED; /* illegal message type */
}
else {
/* handle the system call */
result = (*call_vec[call_nr])(caller_ptr, &m);
}
if(result == VMSUSPEND) {
/* Special case: message has to be saved for handling
* until VM tells us it's allowed. VM has been notified
* and we must wait for its reply to restart the call.
*/
vmassert(RTS_ISSET(caller_ptr, RTS_VMREQUEST));
vmassert(caller_ptr->p_vmrequest.type == VMSTYPE_KERNELCALL);
caller_ptr->p_vmrequest.saved.reqmsg = m;
} else if (result != EDONTREPLY) {
/* Send a reply, unless inhibited by a handler function.
* Use the kernel function lock_send() to prevent a system
* call trap.
*/
if(restarting) {
vmassert(!RTS_ISSET(restarting, RTS_VMREQUEST));
#if 0
vmassert(!RTS_ISSET(restarting, RTS_VMREQTARGET));
#endif
}
m.m_type = result; /* report status of call */
if(WILLRECEIVE(caller_ptr, SYSTEM)) {
if (OK != (s=lock_send(m.m_source, &m))) {
kprintf("SYSTEM, reply to %d failed: %d\n",
m.m_source, s);
}
} else {
kprintf("SYSTEM: not replying to %d; not ready\n",
caller_ptr->p_endpoint);
}
}
}
}
/*===========================================================================*
* initialize *
*===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void system_init(void)
{
register struct priv *sp;
int i;
/* Initialize IRQ handler hooks. Mark all hooks available. */
for (i=0; i<NR_IRQ_HOOKS; i++) {
irq_hooks[i].proc_nr_e = NONE;
}
/* Initialize all alarm timers for all processes. */
for (sp=BEG_PRIV_ADDR; sp < END_PRIV_ADDR; sp++) {
tmr_inittimer(&(sp->s_alarm_timer));
}
/* Initialize the call vector to a safe default handler. Some system calls
* may be disabled or nonexistant. Then explicitely map known calls to their
* handler functions. This is done with a macro that gives a compile error
* if an illegal call number is used. The ordering is not important here.
*/
for (i=0; i<NR_SYS_CALLS; i++) {
call_vec[i] = do_unused;
callnames[i] = "unused";
}
/* Process management. */
map(SYS_FORK, do_fork); /* a process forked a new process */
map(SYS_EXEC, do_exec); /* update process after execute */
map(SYS_EXIT, do_exit); /* clean up after process exit */
map(SYS_NICE, do_nice); /* set scheduling priority */
map(SYS_PRIVCTL, do_privctl); /* system privileges control */
map(SYS_TRACE, do_trace); /* request a trace operation */
map(SYS_SETGRANT, do_setgrant); /* get/set own parameters */
map(SYS_RUNCTL, do_runctl); /* set/clear stop flag of a process */
/* Signal handling. */
map(SYS_KILL, do_kill); /* cause a process to be signaled */
map(SYS_GETKSIG, do_getksig); /* PM checks for pending signals */
map(SYS_ENDKSIG, do_endksig); /* PM finished processing signal */
map(SYS_SIGSEND, do_sigsend); /* start POSIX-style signal */
map(SYS_SIGRETURN, do_sigreturn); /* return from POSIX-style signal */
/* Device I/O. */
map(SYS_IRQCTL, do_irqctl); /* interrupt control operations */
map(SYS_DEVIO, do_devio); /* inb, inw, inl, outb, outw, outl */
map(SYS_VDEVIO, do_vdevio); /* vector with devio requests */
/* Memory management. */
map(SYS_NEWMAP, do_newmap); /* set up a process memory map */
map(SYS_SEGCTL, do_segctl); /* add segment and get selector */
map(SYS_MEMSET, do_memset); /* write char to memory area */
map(SYS_VMCTL, do_vmctl); /* various VM process settings */
/* Copying. */
map(SYS_UMAP, do_umap); /* map virtual to physical address */
map(SYS_VIRCOPY, do_vircopy); /* use pure virtual addressing */
map(SYS_PHYSCOPY, do_copy); /* use physical addressing */
map(SYS_SAFECOPYFROM, do_safecopy); /* copy with pre-granted permission */
map(SYS_SAFECOPYTO, do_safecopy); /* copy with pre-granted permission */
map(SYS_VSAFECOPY, do_vsafecopy); /* vectored safecopy */
/* Mapping. */
map(SYS_SAFEMAP, do_safemap); /* map pages from other process */
map(SYS_SAFEREVMAP, do_saferevmap); /* grantor revokes the map grant */
map(SYS_SAFEUNMAP, do_safeunmap); /* requestor unmaps the mapped pages */
/* Clock functionality. */
map(SYS_TIMES, do_times); /* get uptime and process times */
map(SYS_SETALARM, do_setalarm); /* schedule a synchronous alarm */
map(SYS_STIME, do_stime); /* set the boottime */
map(SYS_VTIMER, do_vtimer); /* set or retrieve a virtual timer */
/* System control. */
map(SYS_ABORT, do_abort); /* abort MINIX */
map(SYS_GETINFO, do_getinfo); /* request system information */
map(SYS_SYSCTL, do_sysctl); /* misc system manipulation */
/* Profiling. */
map(SYS_SPROF, do_sprofile); /* start/stop statistical profiling */
map(SYS_CPROF, do_cprofile); /* get/reset call profiling data */
map(SYS_PROFBUF, do_profbuf); /* announce locations to kernel */
/* i386-specific. */
#if _MINIX_CHIP == _CHIP_INTEL
map(SYS_INT86, do_int86); /* real-mode BIOS calls */
map(SYS_READBIOS, do_readbios); /* read from BIOS locations */
map(SYS_IOPENABLE, do_iopenable); /* Enable I/O */
map(SYS_SDEVIO, do_sdevio); /* phys_insb, _insw, _outsb, _outsw */
#endif
}
/*===========================================================================*
* get_priv *
*===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC int get_priv(rc, priv_id)
register struct proc *rc; /* new (child) process pointer */
int priv_id; /* privilege id */
{
/* Allocate a new privilege structure for a system process. Privilege ids
* can be assigned either statically or dynamically.
*/
register struct priv *sp; /* privilege structure */
if(priv_id == NULL_PRIV_ID) { /* allocate slot dynamically */
for (sp = BEG_DYN_PRIV_ADDR; sp < END_DYN_PRIV_ADDR; ++sp)
if (sp->s_proc_nr == NONE) break;
if (sp >= END_DYN_PRIV_ADDR) return(ENOSPC);
}
else { /* allocate slot from id */
if(!is_static_priv_id(priv_id)) {
return EINVAL; /* invalid static priv id */
}
if(priv[priv_id].s_proc_nr != NONE) {
return EBUSY; /* slot already in use */
}
sp = &priv[priv_id];
}
rc->p_priv = sp; /* assign new slot */
rc->p_priv->s_proc_nr = proc_nr(rc); /* set association */
return(OK);
}
/*===========================================================================*
* set_sendto_bit *
*===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void set_sendto_bit(struct proc *rp, int id)
{
/* Allow a process to send messages to the process(es) associated with the
* system privilege structure with the given ID.
*/
/* Disallow the process from sending to a process privilege structure with no
* associated process, and disallow the process from sending to itself.
*/
if (id_to_nr(id) == NONE || priv_id(rp) == id) {
unset_sys_bit(priv(rp)->s_ipc_to, id);
return;
}
set_sys_bit(priv(rp)->s_ipc_to, id);
/* The process that this process can now send to, must be able to reply (or
* vice versa). Therefore, its send mask should be updated as well. Ignore
* receivers that don't support traps other than RECEIVE, they can't reply
* or send messages anyway.
*/
if (priv_addr(id)->s_trap_mask & ~((1 << RECEIVE)))
set_sys_bit(priv_addr(id)->s_ipc_to, priv_id(rp));
}
/*===========================================================================*
* unset_sendto_bit *
*===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void unset_sendto_bit(struct proc *rp, int id)
{
/* Prevent a process from sending to another process. Retain the send mask
* symmetry by also unsetting the bit for the other direction.
*/
unset_sys_bit(priv(rp)->s_ipc_to, id);
unset_sys_bit(priv_addr(id)->s_ipc_to, priv_id(rp));
}
/*===========================================================================*
* send_sig *
*===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void send_sig(int proc_nr, int sig_nr)
{
/* Notify a system process about a signal. This is straightforward. Simply
* set the signal that is to be delivered in the pending signals map and
* send a notification with source SYSTEM.
*/
register struct proc *rp;
static int n;
if(!isokprocn(proc_nr) || isemptyn(proc_nr))
minix_panic("send_sig to empty process", proc_nr);
rp = proc_addr(proc_nr);
sigaddset(&priv(rp)->s_sig_pending, sig_nr);
if(!intr_disabled()) {
lock_notify(SYSTEM, rp->p_endpoint);
} else {
mini_notify(proc_addr(SYSTEM), rp->p_endpoint);
}
}
/*===========================================================================*
* cause_sig *
*===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void cause_sig(proc_nr, sig_nr)
proc_nr_t proc_nr; /* process to be signalled */
int sig_nr; /* signal to be sent */
{
/* A system process wants to send a signal to a process. Examples are:
* - HARDWARE wanting to cause a SIGSEGV after a CPU exception
* - TTY wanting to cause SIGINT upon getting a DEL
* - FS wanting to cause SIGPIPE for a broken pipe
* Signals are handled by sending a message to PM. This function handles the
* signals and makes sure the PM gets them by sending a notification. The
* process being signaled is blocked while PM has not finished all signals
* for it.
* Race conditions between calls to this function and the system calls that
* process pending kernel signals cannot exist. Signal related functions are
* only called when a user process causes a CPU exception and from the kernel
* process level, which runs to completion.
*/
register struct proc *rp;
if (proc_nr == PM_PROC_NR)
minix_panic("cause_sig: PM gets signal", NO_NUM);
/* Check if the signal is already pending. Process it otherwise. */
rp = proc_addr(proc_nr);
if (! sigismember(&rp->p_pending, sig_nr)) {
sigaddset(&rp->p_pending, sig_nr);
if (! (RTS_ISSET(rp, RTS_SIGNALED))) { /* other pending */
RTS_LOCK_SET(rp, RTS_SIGNALED | RTS_SIG_PENDING);
send_sig(PM_PROC_NR, SIGKSIG);
}
}
}
/*===========================================================================*
* sig_delay_done *
*===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void sig_delay_done(rp)
struct proc *rp;
{
/* A process is now known not to send any direct messages.
* Tell PM that the stop delay has ended, by sending a signal to the process.
* Used for actual signal delivery.
*/
rp->p_misc_flags &= ~MF_SIG_DELAY;
cause_sig(proc_nr(rp), SIGNDELAY);
}
#if _MINIX_CHIP == _CHIP_INTEL
/*===========================================================================*
* umap_bios *
*===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC phys_bytes umap_bios(vir_addr, bytes)
vir_bytes vir_addr; /* virtual address in BIOS segment */
vir_bytes bytes; /* # of bytes to be copied */
{
/* Calculate the physical memory address at the BIOS. Note: currently, BIOS
* address zero (the first BIOS interrupt vector) is not considered as an
* error here, but since the physical address will be zero as well, the
* calling function will think an error occurred. This is not a problem,
* since no one uses the first BIOS interrupt vector.
*/
/* Check all acceptable ranges. */
if (vir_addr >= BIOS_MEM_BEGIN && vir_addr + bytes <= BIOS_MEM_END)
return (phys_bytes) vir_addr;
else if (vir_addr >= BASE_MEM_TOP && vir_addr + bytes <= UPPER_MEM_END)
return (phys_bytes) vir_addr;
kprintf("Warning, error in umap_bios, virtual address 0x%x\n", vir_addr);
return 0;
}
#endif
/*===========================================================================*
* umap_grant *
*===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC phys_bytes umap_grant(rp, grant, bytes)
struct proc *rp; /* pointer to proc table entry for process */
cp_grant_id_t grant; /* grant no. */
vir_bytes bytes; /* size */
{
int proc_nr;
vir_bytes offset, ret;
endpoint_t granter;
/* See if the grant in that process is sensible, and
* find out the virtual address and (optionally) new
* process for that address.
*
* Then convert that process to a slot number.
*/
if(verify_grant(rp->p_endpoint, ANY, grant, bytes, 0, 0,
&offset, &granter) != OK) {
kprintf("SYSTEM: umap_grant: verify_grant failed\n");
return 0;
}
if(!isokendpt(granter, &proc_nr)) {
kprintf("SYSTEM: umap_grant: isokendpt failed\n");
return 0;
}
/* Do the mapping from virtual to physical. */
ret = umap_virtual(proc_addr(proc_nr), D, offset, bytes);
if(!ret) {
kprintf("SYSTEM:umap_grant:umap_virtual failed; grant %s:%d -> %s: vir 0x%lx\n",
rp->p_name, grant,
proc_addr(proc_nr)->p_name, offset);
}
return ret;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* clear_endpoint *
*===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void clear_endpoint(rc)
register struct proc *rc; /* slot of process to clean up */
{
register struct proc *rp; /* iterate over process table */
register struct proc **xpp; /* iterate over caller queue */
if(isemptyp(rc)) minix_panic("clear_proc: empty process", rc->p_endpoint);
if(rc->p_endpoint == PM_PROC_NR || rc->p_endpoint == VFS_PROC_NR ||
rc->p_endpoint == VM_PROC_NR)
{
/* This test is great for debugging system processes dying,
* but as this happens normally on reboot, not good permanent code.
*/
kprintf("died: ");
proc_stacktrace(rc);
minix_panic("system process died", rc->p_endpoint);
}
/* Make sure that the exiting process is no longer scheduled. */
RTS_LOCK_SET(rc, RTS_NO_ENDPOINT);
if (priv(rc)->s_flags & SYS_PROC)
{
if (priv(rc)->s_asynsize) {
#if 0
kprintf("clear_endpoint: clearing s_asynsize of %s / %d\n",
rc->p_name, rc->p_endpoint);
proc_stacktrace(rc);
#endif
}
priv(rc)->s_asynsize= 0;
}
/* If the process happens to be queued trying to send a
* message, then it must be removed from the message queues.
*/
if (RTS_ISSET(rc, RTS_SENDING)) {
int target_proc;
okendpt(rc->p_sendto_e, &target_proc);
xpp = &proc_addr(target_proc)->p_caller_q; /* destination's queue */
while (*xpp != NIL_PROC) { /* check entire queue */
if (*xpp == rc) { /* process is on the queue */
*xpp = (*xpp)->p_q_link; /* replace by next process */
#if DEBUG_ENABLE_IPC_WARNINGS
kprintf("endpoint %d / %s removed from queue at %d\n",
rc->p_endpoint, rc->p_name, rc->p_sendto_e);
#endif
break; /* can only be queued once */
}
xpp = &(*xpp)->p_q_link; /* proceed to next queued */
}
rc->p_rts_flags &= ~RTS_SENDING;
}
rc->p_rts_flags &= ~RTS_RECEIVING;
/* Likewise, if another process was sending or receive a message to or from
* the exiting process, it must be alerted that process no longer is alive.
* Check all processes.
*/
for (rp = BEG_PROC_ADDR; rp < END_PROC_ADDR; rp++) {
if(isemptyp(rp))
continue;
/* Unset pending notification bits. */
unset_sys_bit(priv(rp)->s_notify_pending, priv(rc)->s_id);
/* Check if process is receiving from exiting process. */
if (RTS_ISSET(rp, RTS_RECEIVING) && rp->p_getfrom_e == rc->p_endpoint) {
rp->p_reg.retreg = ESRCDIED; /* report source died */
RTS_LOCK_UNSET(rp, RTS_RECEIVING); /* no longer receiving */
#if DEBUG_ENABLE_IPC_WARNINGS
kprintf("endpoint %d / %s receiving from dead src ep %d / %s\n",
rp->p_endpoint, rp->p_name, rc->p_endpoint, rc->p_name);
#endif
}
if (RTS_ISSET(rp, RTS_SENDING) &&
rp->p_sendto_e == rc->p_endpoint) {
rp->p_reg.retreg = EDSTDIED; /* report destination died */
RTS_LOCK_UNSET(rp, RTS_SENDING);
#if DEBUG_ENABLE_IPC_WARNINGS
kprintf("endpoint %d / %s send to dying dst ep %d (%s)\n",
rp->p_endpoint, rp->p_name, rc->p_endpoint, rc->p_name);
#endif
}
}
}
/*===========================================================================*
* vmrestart_check *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE struct proc *vmrestart_check(message *m)
{
int type;
struct proc *restarting;
int who_p;
/* Anyone waiting to be vm-restarted? */
if(!(restarting = vmrestart))
return NULL;
vmassert(!RTS_ISSET(restarting, RTS_SLOT_FREE));
vmassert(RTS_ISSET(restarting, RTS_VMREQUEST));
type = restarting->p_vmrequest.type;
restarting->p_vmrequest.type = VMSTYPE_SYS_NONE;
vmrestart = restarting->p_vmrequest.nextrestart;
switch(type) {
case VMSTYPE_KERNELCALL:
*m = restarting->p_vmrequest.saved.reqmsg;
restarting->p_vmrequest.saved.reqmsg.m_source = NONE;
vmassert(m->m_source == restarting->p_endpoint);
/* Original caller could've disappeared in the meantime. */
if(!isokendpt(m->m_source, &who_p)) {
kprintf("SYSTEM: ignoring call %d from dead %d\n",
m->m_type, m->m_source);
return NULL;
}
{ int i;
i = m->m_type - KERNEL_CALL;
if(i >= 0 && i < NR_SYS_CALLS) {
#if 0
kprintf("SYSTEM: restart %s from %d\n",
callnames[i], m->m_source);
#endif
} else {
minix_panic("call number out of range", i);
}
}
return restarting;
default:
minix_panic("strange restart type", type);
}
minix_panic("fell out of switch", NO_NUM);
return NULL;
}