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minix/drivers/floppy/floppy.c
Ben Gras 640eb73ca2 New log driver; buffers messages and makes them available to userland. 
Added some fields in the generic device table to support this driver
using libdriver. Updated other drivers to fill these fields with nops
and NULLs.
2005-07-08 17:23:44 +00:00

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/* This file contains the device dependent part of the driver for the Floppy
* Disk Controller (FDC) using the NEC PD765 chip.
*
* The file contains two entry points:
*
* floppy_task: main entry when system is brought up
*
* Changes:
* Dec 01, 2004 floppy driver moved to user-space (Jorrit N. Herder)
* Sep 15, 2004 sync alarms/ local timer management (Jorrit N. Herder)
* Aug 12, 2003 null seek no interrupt fix (Mike Haertel)
* May 14, 2000 d-d/i rewrite (Kees J. Bot)
* Apr 04, 1992 device dependent/independent split (Kees J. Bot)
* Mar 27, 1992 last details on density checking (Kees J. Bot)
* Feb 14, 1992 check drive density on opens only (Andy Tanenbaum)
* 1991 len[] / motors / reset / step rate / ... (Bruce Evans)
* May 13, 1991 renovated the errors loop (Don Chapman)
* 1989 I/O vector to keep up with 1-1 interleave (Bruce Evans)
* Jan 06, 1988 allow 1.44 MB diskettes (Al Crew)
* Nov 28, 1986 better resetting for 386 (Peter Kay)
* Oct 27, 1986 fdc_results fixed for 8 MHz (Jakob Schripsema)
*/
#include "floppy.h"
#include <timers.h>
#include <ibm/diskparm.h>
#include <minix/utils.h>
#include <minix/syslib.h>
/* I/O Ports used by floppy disk task. */
#define DOR 0x3F2 /* motor drive control bits */
#define FDC_STATUS 0x3F4 /* floppy disk controller status register */
#define FDC_DATA 0x3F5 /* floppy disk controller data register */
#define FDC_RATE 0x3F7 /* transfer rate register */
#define DMA_ADDR 0x004 /* port for low 16 bits of DMA address */
#define DMA_TOP 0x081 /* port for top 4 bits of 20-bit DMA addr */
#define DMA_COUNT 0x005 /* port for DMA count (count = bytes - 1) */
#define DMA_FLIPFLOP 0x00C /* DMA byte pointer flip-flop */
#define DMA_MODE 0x00B /* DMA mode port */
#define DMA_INIT 0x00A /* DMA init port */
#define DMA_RESET_VAL 0x06
/* Status registers returned as result of operation. */
#define ST0 0x00 /* status register 0 */
#define ST1 0x01 /* status register 1 */
#define ST2 0x02 /* status register 2 */
#define ST3 0x00 /* status register 3 (return by DRIVE_SENSE) */
#define ST_CYL 0x03 /* slot where controller reports cylinder */
#define ST_HEAD 0x04 /* slot where controller reports head */
#define ST_SEC 0x05 /* slot where controller reports sector */
#define ST_PCN 0x01 /* slot where controller reports present cyl */
/* Fields within the I/O ports. */
/* Main status register. */
#define CTL_BUSY 0x10 /* bit is set when read or write in progress */
#define DIRECTION 0x40 /* bit is set when reading data reg is valid */
#define MASTER 0x80 /* bit is set when data reg can be accessed */
/* Digital output port (DOR). */
#define MOTOR_SHIFT 4 /* high 4 bits control the motors in DOR */
#define ENABLE_INT 0x0C /* used for setting DOR port */
/* ST0. */
#define ST0_BITS 0xF8 /* check top 5 bits of seek status */
#define TRANS_ST0 0x00 /* top 5 bits of ST0 for READ/WRITE */
#define SEEK_ST0 0x20 /* top 5 bits of ST0 for SEEK */
/* ST1. */
#define BAD_SECTOR 0x05 /* if these bits are set in ST1, recalibrate */
#define WRITE_PROTECT 0x02 /* bit is set if diskette is write protected */
/* ST2. */
#define BAD_CYL 0x1F /* if any of these bits are set, recalibrate */
/* ST3 (not used). */
#define ST3_FAULT 0x80 /* if this bit is set, drive is sick */
#define ST3_WR_PROTECT 0x40 /* set when diskette is write protected */
#define ST3_READY 0x20 /* set when drive is ready */
/* Floppy disk controller command bytes. */
#define FDC_SEEK 0x0F /* command the drive to seek */
#define FDC_READ 0xE6 /* command the drive to read */
#define FDC_WRITE 0xC5 /* command the drive to write */
#define FDC_SENSE 0x08 /* command the controller to tell its status */
#define FDC_RECALIBRATE 0x07 /* command the drive to go to cyl 0 */
#define FDC_SPECIFY 0x03 /* command the drive to accept params */
#define FDC_READ_ID 0x4A /* command the drive to read sector identity */
#define FDC_FORMAT 0x4D /* command the drive to format a track */
/* DMA channel commands. */
#define DMA_READ 0x46 /* DMA read opcode */
#define DMA_WRITE 0x4A /* DMA write opcode */
/* Parameters for the disk drive. */
#define HC_SIZE 2880 /* # sectors on largest legal disk (1.44MB) */
#define NR_HEADS 0x02 /* two heads (i.e., two tracks/cylinder) */
#define MAX_SECTORS 18 /* largest # sectors per track */
#define DTL 0xFF /* determines data length (sector size) */
#define SPEC2 0x02 /* second parameter to SPECIFY */
#define MOTOR_OFF (3*HZ) /* how long to wait before stopping motor */
#define WAKEUP (2*HZ) /* timeout on I/O, FDC won't quit. */
/* Error codes */
#define ERR_SEEK (-1) /* bad seek */
#define ERR_TRANSFER (-2) /* bad transfer */
#define ERR_STATUS (-3) /* something wrong when getting status */
#define ERR_READ_ID (-4) /* bad read id */
#define ERR_RECALIBRATE (-5) /* recalibrate didn't work properly */
#define ERR_DRIVE (-6) /* something wrong with a drive */
#define ERR_WR_PROTECT (-7) /* diskette is write protected */
#define ERR_TIMEOUT (-8) /* interrupt timeout */
/* No retries on some errors. */
#define err_no_retry(err) ((err) <= ERR_WR_PROTECT)
/* Encoding of drive type in minor device number. */
#define DEV_TYPE_BITS 0x7C /* drive type + 1, if nonzero */
#define DEV_TYPE_SHIFT 2 /* right shift to normalize type bits */
#define FORMAT_DEV_BIT 0x80 /* bit in minor to turn write into format */
/* Miscellaneous. */
#define MAX_ERRORS 6 /* how often to try rd/wt before quitting */
#define MAX_RESULTS 7 /* max number of bytes controller returns */
#define NR_DRIVES 2 /* maximum number of drives */
#define DIVISOR 128 /* used for sector size encoding */
#define SECTOR_SIZE_CODE 2 /* code to say "512" to the controller */
#define TIMEOUT_MICROS 500000L /* microseconds waiting for FDC */
#define TIMEOUT_TICKS 30 /* ticks waiting for FDC */
#define NT 7 /* number of diskette/drive combinations */
#define UNCALIBRATED 0 /* drive needs to be calibrated at next use */
#define CALIBRATED 1 /* no calibration needed */
#define BASE_SECTOR 1 /* sectors are numbered starting at 1 */
#define NO_SECTOR (-1) /* current sector unknown */
#define NO_CYL (-1) /* current cylinder unknown, must seek */
#define NO_DENS 100 /* current media unknown */
#define BSY_IDLE 0 /* busy doing nothing */
#define BSY_IO 1 /* busy doing I/O */
#define BSY_WAKEN 2 /* got a wakeup call */
/* Seven combinations of diskette/drive are supported.
*
* # Diskette Drive Sectors Tracks Rotation Data-rate Comment
* 0 360K 360K 9 40 300 RPM 250 kbps Standard PC DSDD
* 1 1.2M 1.2M 15 80 360 RPM 500 kbps AT disk in AT drive
* 2 360K 720K 9 40 300 RPM 250 kbps Quad density PC
* 3 720K 720K 9 80 300 RPM 250 kbps Toshiba, et al.
* 4 360K 1.2M 9 40 360 RPM 300 kbps PC disk in AT drive
* 5 720K 1.2M 9 80 360 RPM 300 kbps Toshiba in AT drive
* 6 1.44M 1.44M 18 80 300 RPM 500 kbps PS/2, et al.
*
* In addition, 720K diskettes can be read in 1.44MB drives, but that does
* not need a different set of parameters. This combination uses
*
* 3 720K 1.44M 9 80 300 RPM 250 kbps PS/2, et al.
*/
PRIVATE struct density {
u8_t secpt; /* sectors per track */
u8_t cyls; /* tracks per side */
u8_t steps; /* steps per cylinder (2 = double step) */
u8_t test; /* sector to try for density test */
u8_t rate; /* data rate (2=250, 1=300, 0=500 kbps) */
u8_t start; /* motor start (clock ticks) */
u8_t gap; /* gap size */
u8_t spec1; /* first specify byte (SRT/HUT) */
} fdensity[NT] = {
{ 9, 40, 1, 4*9, 2, 4*HZ/8, 0x2A, 0xDF }, /* 360K / 360K */
{ 15, 80, 1, 14, 0, 4*HZ/8, 0x1B, 0xDF }, /* 1.2M / 1.2M */
{ 9, 40, 2, 2*9, 2, 4*HZ/8, 0x2A, 0xDF }, /* 360K / 720K */
{ 9, 80, 1, 4*9, 2, 6*HZ/8, 0x2A, 0xDF }, /* 720K / 720K */
{ 9, 40, 2, 2*9, 1, 4*HZ/8, 0x23, 0xDF }, /* 360K / 1.2M */
{ 9, 80, 1, 4*9, 1, 4*HZ/8, 0x23, 0xDF }, /* 720K / 1.2M */
{ 18, 80, 1, 17, 0, 6*HZ/8, 0x1B, 0xCF }, /* 1.44M / 1.44M */
};
/* The following table is used with the test_sector array to recognize a
* drive/floppy combination. The sector to test has been determined by
* looking at the differences in gap size, sectors/track, and double stepping.
* This means that types 0 and 3 can't be told apart, only the motor start
* time differs. If a read test succeeds then the drive is limited to the
* set of densities it can support to avoid unnecessary tests in the future.
*/
#define b(d) (1 << (d)) /* bit for density d. */
PRIVATE struct test_order {
u8_t t_density; /* floppy/drive type */
u8_t t_class; /* limit drive to this class of densities */
} test_order[NT-1] = {
{ 6, b(3) | b(6) }, /* 1.44M {720K, 1.44M} */
{ 1, b(1) | b(4) | b(5) }, /* 1.2M {1.2M, 360K, 720K} */
{ 3, b(2) | b(3) | b(6) }, /* 720K {360K, 720K, 1.44M} */
{ 4, b(1) | b(4) | b(5) }, /* 360K {1.2M, 360K, 720K} */
{ 5, b(1) | b(4) | b(5) }, /* 720K {1.2M, 360K, 720K} */
{ 2, b(2) | b(3) }, /* 360K {360K, 720K} */
/* Note that type 0 is missing, type 3 can read/write it too, which is
* why the type 3 parameters have been pessimized to be like type 0.
*/
};
/* Variables. */
PRIVATE struct floppy { /* main drive struct, one entry per drive */
unsigned fl_curcyl; /* current cylinder */
unsigned fl_hardcyl; /* hardware cylinder, as opposed to: */
unsigned fl_cylinder; /* cylinder number addressed */
unsigned fl_sector; /* sector addressed */
unsigned fl_head; /* head number addressed */
char fl_calibration; /* CALIBRATED or UNCALIBRATED */
u8_t fl_density; /* NO_DENS = ?, 0 = 360K; 1 = 360K/1.2M; etc.*/
u8_t fl_class; /* bitmap for possible densities */
timer_t fl_tmr_stop; /* timer to stop motor */
struct device fl_geom; /* Geometry of the drive */
struct device fl_part[NR_PARTITIONS]; /* partition's base & size */
} floppy[NR_DRIVES];
PRIVATE int irq_hook_id; /* id of irq hook at the kernel */
PRIVATE int motor_status; /* bitmap of current motor status */
PRIVATE int need_reset; /* set to 1 when controller must be reset */
PRIVATE unsigned f_drive; /* selected drive */
PRIVATE unsigned f_device; /* selected minor device */
PRIVATE struct floppy *f_fp; /* current drive */
PRIVATE struct density *f_dp; /* current density parameters */
PRIVATE struct density *prev_dp;/* previous density parameters */
PRIVATE unsigned f_sectors; /* equal to f_dp->secpt (needed a lot) */
PRIVATE u16_t f_busy; /* BSY_IDLE, BSY_IO, BSY_WAKEN */
PRIVATE struct device *f_dv; /* device's base and size */
PRIVATE struct disk_parameter_s fmt_param; /* parameters for format */
PRIVATE u8_t f_results[MAX_RESULTS];/* the controller can give lots of output */
/* The floppy uses various timers. These are managed by the floppy driver
* itself, because only a single synchronous alarm is available per process.
* Besides the 'f_tmr_timeout' timer below, the floppy structure for each
* floppy disk drive contains a 'fl_tmr_stop' timer.
*/
PRIVATE timer_t f_tmr_timeout; /* timer for various timeouts */
PRIVATE timer_t *f_timers; /* queue of floppy timers */
PRIVATE clock_t f_next_timeout; /* the next timeout time */
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void f_expire_tmrs, (struct driver *dp) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void f_set_timer, (timer_t *tp, clock_t delta,
tmr_func_t watchdog) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void stop_motor, (timer_t *tp) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void f_timeout, (timer_t *tp) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( struct device *f_prepare, (int device) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( char *f_name, (void) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void f_cleanup, (void) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( int f_transfer, (int proc_nr, int opcode, off_t position,
iovec_t *iov, unsigned nr_req) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void dma_setup, (int opcode) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void start_motor, (void) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( int seek, (void) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( int fdc_transfer, (int opcode) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( int fdc_results, (void) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( int fdc_command, (u8_t *cmd, int len) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void fdc_out, (int val) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( int recalibrate, (void) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void f_reset, (void) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( int f_intr_wait, (void) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( int read_id, (void) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( int f_do_open, (struct driver *dp, message *m_ptr) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void floppy_stop, (struct driver *dp) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( int test_read, (int density) );
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void f_geometry, (struct partition *entry));
/* Entry points to this driver. */
PRIVATE struct driver f_dtab = {
f_name, /* current device's name */
f_do_open, /* open or mount request, sense type of diskette */
do_nop, /* nothing on a close */
do_diocntl, /* get or set a partitions geometry */
f_prepare, /* prepare for I/O on a given minor device */
f_transfer, /* do the I/O */
f_cleanup, /* cleanup before sending reply to user process */
f_geometry, /* tell the geometry of the diskette */
floppy_stop, /* floppy cleanup on shutdown */
f_expire_tmrs,/* expire all alarm timers */
nop_fkey, /* ignore function keys and CANCELs */
nop_cancel,
nop_select,
NULL
};
/*===========================================================================*
* floppy_task *
*===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void main()
{
/* Initialize the floppy structure and the timers. */
struct floppy *fp;
int s;
f_next_timeout = TMR_NEVER;
tmr_inittimer(&f_tmr_timeout);
for (fp = &floppy[0]; fp < &floppy[NR_DRIVES]; fp++) {
fp->fl_curcyl = NO_CYL;
fp->fl_density = NO_DENS;
fp->fl_class = ~0;
tmr_inittimer(&fp->fl_tmr_stop);
}
/* Set IRQ policy, only request notifications. */
if ((s=sys_irqsetpolicy(FLOPPY_IRQ, 0, &irq_hook_id )) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY", "Couldn't set IRQ policy", s);
if ((s=sys_irqenable(&irq_hook_id)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY", "Couldn't enable IRQs", s);
printf("FLOPPY: user-level floppy disk driver initialized\n");
driver_task(&f_dtab);
}
/*===========================================================================*
* f_expire_tmrs *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void f_expire_tmrs(struct driver *dp)
{
/* A synchronous alarm message was received. Check if there are any expired
* timers. Possibly reschedule the next alarm.
*/
clock_t now; /* current time */
timer_t *tp;
int s;
/* Get the current time to compare the timers against. */
if ((s=sys_getuptime(&now)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY","Couldn't get uptime from clock.", s);
/* Scan the timers queue for expired timers. Dispatch the watchdog function
* for each expired timers. FLOPPY watchdog functions are f_tmr_timeout()
* and stop_motor(). Possibly a new alarm call must be scheduled.
*/
tmrs_exptimers(&f_timers, now, NULL);
if (f_timers == NULL) {
f_next_timeout = TMR_NEVER;
} else { /* set new sync alarm */
f_next_timeout = f_timers->tmr_exp_time;
if ((s=sys_syncalrm(SELF, f_next_timeout, 1)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY","Couldn't set synchronous alarm.", s);
}
}
/*===========================================================================*
* f_set_timer *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void f_set_timer(tp, delta, watchdog)
timer_t *tp; /* timer to be set */
clock_t delta; /* in how many ticks */
tmr_func_t watchdog; /* watchdog function to be called */
{
clock_t now; /* current time */
int s;
/* Get the current time. */
if ((s=sys_getuptime(&now)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY","Couldn't get uptime from clock.", s);
/* Add the timer to the local timer queue. */
tmrs_settimer(&f_timers, tp, now + delta, watchdog, NULL);
/* Possibly reschedule an alarm call. This happens when the front of the
* timers queue was reinserted at another position, i.e., when a timer was
* reset, or when a new timer was added in front.
*/
if (f_timers->tmr_exp_time != f_next_timeout) {
f_next_timeout = f_timers->tmr_exp_time;
if ((s=sys_syncalrm(SELF, f_next_timeout, 1)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY","Couldn't set synchronous alarm.", s);
}
}
/*===========================================================================*
* f_prepare *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE struct device *f_prepare(device)
int device;
{
/* Prepare for I/O on a device. */
f_device = device;
f_drive = device & ~(DEV_TYPE_BITS | FORMAT_DEV_BIT);
if (f_drive < 0 || f_drive >= NR_DRIVES) return(NIL_DEV);
f_fp = &floppy[f_drive];
f_dv = &f_fp->fl_geom;
if (f_fp->fl_density < NT) {
f_dp = &fdensity[f_fp->fl_density];
f_sectors = f_dp->secpt;
f_fp->fl_geom.dv_size = mul64u((long) (NR_HEADS * f_sectors
* f_dp->cyls), SECTOR_SIZE);
}
/* A partition? */
if ((device &= DEV_TYPE_BITS) >= MINOR_fd0p0)
f_dv = &f_fp->fl_part[(device - MINOR_fd0p0) >> DEV_TYPE_SHIFT];
return f_dv;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* f_name *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE char *f_name()
{
/* Return a name for the current device. */
static char name[] = "fd0";
name[2] = '0' + f_drive;
return name;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* f_cleanup *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void f_cleanup()
{
/* Start a timer to turn the motor off in a few seconds. */
tmr_arg(&f_fp->fl_tmr_stop)->ta_int = f_drive;
f_set_timer(&f_fp->fl_tmr_stop, MOTOR_OFF, stop_motor);
/* Exiting the floppy driver, so forget where we are. */
f_fp->fl_sector = NO_SECTOR;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* f_transfer *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE int f_transfer(proc_nr, opcode, position, iov, nr_req)
int proc_nr; /* process doing the request */
int opcode; /* DEV_GATHER or DEV_SCATTER */
off_t position; /* offset on device to read or write */
iovec_t *iov; /* pointer to read or write request vector */
unsigned nr_req; /* length of request vector */
{
struct floppy *fp = f_fp;
iovec_t *iop, *iov_end = iov + nr_req;
int s, r, errors;
unsigned block; /* Seen any 32M floppies lately? */
unsigned nbytes, count, chunk, sector;
unsigned long dv_size = cv64ul(f_dv->dv_size);
vir_bytes user_addr;
vir_bytes uaddrs[MAX_SECTORS], *up;
u8_t cmd[3];
/* Check disk address. */
if ((position & SECTOR_MASK) != 0) return(EINVAL);
errors = 0;
while (nr_req > 0) {
/* How many bytes to transfer? */
nbytes = 0;
for (iop = iov; iop < iov_end; iop++) nbytes += iop->iov_size;
/* Which block on disk and how close to EOF? */
if (position >= dv_size) return(OK); /* At EOF */
if (position + nbytes > dv_size) nbytes = dv_size - position;
block = div64u(add64ul(f_dv->dv_base, position), SECTOR_SIZE);
if ((nbytes & SECTOR_MASK) != 0) return(EINVAL);
/* Using a formatting device? */
if (f_device & FORMAT_DEV_BIT) {
if (opcode != DEV_SCATTER) return(EIO);
if (iov->iov_size < SECTOR_SIZE + sizeof(fmt_param))
return(EINVAL);
if ((s=sys_datacopy(proc_nr, iov->iov_addr + SECTOR_SIZE,
SELF, (vir_bytes) &fmt_param,
(phys_bytes) sizeof(fmt_param))) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY", "Sys_vircopy failed", s);
/* Check that the number of sectors in the data is reasonable,
* to avoid division by 0. Leave checking of other data to
* the FDC.
*/
if (fmt_param.sectors_per_cylinder == 0) return(EIO);
/* Only the first sector of the parameters now needed. */
iov->iov_size = nbytes = SECTOR_SIZE;
}
/* Only try one sector if there were errors. */
if (errors > 0) nbytes = SECTOR_SIZE;
/* Compute cylinder and head of the track to access. */
fp->fl_cylinder = block / (NR_HEADS * f_sectors);
fp->fl_hardcyl = fp->fl_cylinder * f_dp->steps;
fp->fl_head = (block % (NR_HEADS * f_sectors)) / f_sectors;
/* For each sector on this track compute the user address it is to
* go or to come from.
*/
for (up = uaddrs; up < uaddrs + MAX_SECTORS; up++) *up = 0;
count = 0;
iop = iov;
sector = block % f_sectors;
for (;;) {
user_addr = iop->iov_addr;
chunk = iop->iov_size;
if ((chunk & SECTOR_MASK) != 0) return(EINVAL);
while (chunk > 0) {
uaddrs[sector++] = user_addr;
chunk -= SECTOR_SIZE;
user_addr += SECTOR_SIZE;
count += SECTOR_SIZE;
if (sector == f_sectors || count == nbytes)
goto track_set_up;
}
iop++;
}
track_set_up:
/* First check to see if a reset is needed. */
if (need_reset) f_reset();
/* See if motor is running; if not, turn it on and wait. */
start_motor();
/* Set the stepping rate and data rate */
if (f_dp != prev_dp) {
cmd[0] = FDC_SPECIFY;
cmd[1] = f_dp->spec1;
cmd[2] = SPEC2;
(void) fdc_command(cmd, 3);
if ((s=sys_outb(FDC_RATE, f_dp->rate)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY","Sys_outb failed", s);
prev_dp = f_dp;
}
/* If we are going to a new cylinder, perform a seek. */
r = seek();
/* Avoid read_id() if we don't plan to read much. */
if (fp->fl_sector == NO_SECTOR && count < (6 * SECTOR_SIZE))
fp->fl_sector = 0;
for (nbytes = 0; nbytes < count; nbytes += SECTOR_SIZE) {
if (fp->fl_sector == NO_SECTOR) {
/* Find out what the current sector is. This often
* fails right after a seek, so try it twice.
*/
if (r == OK && read_id() != OK) r = read_id();
}
/* Look for the next job in uaddrs[] */
if (r == OK) {
for (;;) {
if (fp->fl_sector >= f_sectors)
fp->fl_sector = 0;
up = &uaddrs[fp->fl_sector];
if (*up != 0) break;
fp->fl_sector++;
}
}
if (r == OK && opcode == DEV_SCATTER) {
/* Copy the user bytes to the DMA buffer. */
if((s=sys_datacopy(proc_nr, *up, SELF,
(vir_bytes) tmp_buf,
(phys_bytes) SECTOR_SIZE)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY", "Sys_vircopy failed", s);
}
/* Set up the DMA chip and perform the transfer. */
if (r == OK) {
dma_setup(opcode);
r = fdc_transfer(opcode);
}
if (r == OK && opcode == DEV_GATHER) {
/* Copy the DMA buffer to user space. */
if((s=sys_datacopy(SELF, (vir_bytes) tmp_buf,
proc_nr, *up,
(phys_bytes) SECTOR_SIZE)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY", "Sys_vircopy failed", s);
}
if (r != OK) {
/* Don't retry if write protected or too many errors. */
if (err_no_retry(r) || ++errors == MAX_ERRORS) {
return(EIO);
}
/* Recalibrate if halfway. */
if (errors == MAX_ERRORS / 2)
fp->fl_calibration = UNCALIBRATED;
nbytes = 0;
break; /* retry */
}
}
/* Book the bytes successfully transferred. */
position += nbytes;
for (;;) {
if (nbytes < iov->iov_size) {
/* Not done with this one yet. */
iov->iov_addr += nbytes;
iov->iov_size -= nbytes;
break;
}
nbytes -= iov->iov_size;
iov->iov_addr += iov->iov_size;
iov->iov_size = 0;
if (nbytes == 0) {
/* The rest is optional, so we return to give FS a
* chance to think it over.
*/
return(OK);
}
iov++;
nr_req--;
}
}
return(OK);
}
/*===========================================================================*
* dma_setup *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void dma_setup(opcode)
int opcode; /* DEV_GATHER or DEV_SCATTER */
{
/* The IBM PC can perform DMA operations by using the DMA chip. To use it,
* the DMA (Direct Memory Access) chip is loaded with the 20-bit memory address
* to be read from or written to, the byte count minus 1, and a read or write
* opcode. This routine sets up the DMA chip. Note that the chip is not
* capable of doing a DMA across a 64K boundary (e.g., you can't read a
* 512-byte block starting at physical address 65520).
*/
pvb_pair_t byte_out[9];
int s;
/* Set up the DMA registers. (The comment on the reset is a bit strong,
* it probably only resets the floppy channel.)
*/
pv_set(byte_out[0], DMA_INIT, DMA_RESET_VAL); /* reset the dma controller */
pv_set(byte_out[1], DMA_FLIPFLOP, 0); /* write anything to reset it */
pv_set(byte_out[2], DMA_MODE, opcode == DEV_SCATTER ? DMA_WRITE : DMA_READ);
pv_set(byte_out[3], DMA_ADDR, (unsigned) tmp_phys >> 0);
pv_set(byte_out[4], DMA_ADDR, (unsigned) tmp_phys >> 8);
pv_set(byte_out[5], DMA_TOP, (unsigned) (tmp_phys >> 16));
pv_set(byte_out[6], DMA_COUNT, (((SECTOR_SIZE - 1) >> 0) & 0xff));
pv_set(byte_out[7], DMA_COUNT, (SECTOR_SIZE - 1) >> 8);
pv_set(byte_out[8], DMA_INIT, 2); /* some sort of enable */
if ((s=sys_voutb(byte_out, 9)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY","Sys_voutb in dma_setup() failed", s);
}
/*===========================================================================*
* start_motor *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void start_motor()
{
/* Control of the floppy disk motors is a big pain. If a motor is off, you
* have to turn it on first, which takes 1/2 second. You can't leave it on
* all the time, since that would wear out the diskette. However, if you turn
* the motor off after each operation, the system performance will be awful.
* The compromise used here is to leave it on for a few seconds after each
* operation. If a new operation is started in that interval, it need not be
* turned on again. If no new operation is started, a timer goes off and the
* motor is turned off. I/O port DOR has bits to control each of 4 drives.
*/
int s, motor_bit, running;
message mess;
motor_bit = 1 << f_drive; /* bit mask for this drive */
running = motor_status & motor_bit; /* nonzero if this motor is running */
motor_status |= motor_bit; /* want this drive running too */
if ((s=sys_outb(DOR,
(motor_status << MOTOR_SHIFT) | ENABLE_INT | f_drive)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY","Sys_outb in start_motor() failed", s);
/* If the motor was already running, we don't have to wait for it. */
if (running) return; /* motor was already running */
/* Set an alarm timer to force a timeout if the hardware does not interrupt
* in time. Expect HARD_INT message, but check for SYN_ALARM timeout.
*/
f_set_timer(&f_tmr_timeout, f_dp->start, f_timeout);
f_busy = BSY_IO;
do {
receive(ANY, &mess);
if (mess.m_type == SYN_ALARM) {
f_expire_tmrs(NULL);
} else {
f_busy = BSY_IDLE;
}
} while (f_busy == BSY_IO);
f_fp->fl_sector = NO_SECTOR;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* stop_motor *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void stop_motor(tp)
timer_t *tp;
{
/* This routine is called from an alarm timer after several seconds have
* elapsed with no floppy disk activity. It turns the drive motor off.
*/
int s;
motor_status &= ~(1 << tmr_arg(tp)->ta_int);
if ((s=sys_outb(DOR, (motor_status << MOTOR_SHIFT) | ENABLE_INT)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY","Sys_outb in stop_motor() failed", s);
}
/*===========================================================================*
* floppy_stop *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void floppy_stop(struct driver *dp)
{
/* Stop all activity and cleanly exit with the system. */
int s;
if ((s=sys_outb(DOR, ENABLE_INT)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY","Sys_outb in floppy_stop() failed", s);
sys_exit(0);
}
/*===========================================================================*
* seek *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE int seek()
{
/* Issue a SEEK command on the indicated drive unless the arm is already
* positioned on the correct cylinder.
*/
struct floppy *fp = f_fp;
int r;
message mess;
u8_t cmd[3];
/* Are we already on the correct cylinder? */
if (fp->fl_calibration == UNCALIBRATED)
if (recalibrate() != OK) return(ERR_SEEK);
if (fp->fl_curcyl == fp->fl_hardcyl) return(OK);
/* No. Wrong cylinder. Issue a SEEK and wait for interrupt. */
cmd[0] = FDC_SEEK;
cmd[1] = (fp->fl_head << 2) | f_drive;
cmd[2] = fp->fl_hardcyl;
if (fdc_command(cmd, 3) != OK) return(ERR_SEEK);
if (f_intr_wait() != OK) return(ERR_TIMEOUT);
/* Interrupt has been received. Check drive status. */
fdc_out(FDC_SENSE); /* probe FDC to make it return status */
r = fdc_results(); /* get controller status bytes */
if (r != OK || (f_results[ST0] & ST0_BITS) != SEEK_ST0
|| f_results[ST1] != fp->fl_hardcyl) {
/* seek failed, may need a recalibrate */
return(ERR_SEEK);
}
/* Give head time to settle on a format, no retrying here! */
if (f_device & FORMAT_DEV_BIT) {
/* Set a synchronous alarm to force a timeout if the hardware does
* not interrupt. Expect HARD_INT, but check for SYN_ALARM timeout.
*/
f_set_timer(&f_tmr_timeout, HZ/30, f_timeout);
f_busy = BSY_IO;
do {
receive(ANY, &mess);
if (mess.m_type == SYN_ALARM) {
f_expire_tmrs(NULL);
} else {
f_busy = BSY_IDLE;
}
} while (f_busy == BSY_IO);
}
fp->fl_curcyl = fp->fl_hardcyl;
fp->fl_sector = NO_SECTOR;
return(OK);
}
/*===========================================================================*
* fdc_transfer *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE int fdc_transfer(opcode)
int opcode; /* DEV_GATHER or DEV_SCATTER */
{
/* The drive is now on the proper cylinder. Read, write or format 1 block. */
struct floppy *fp = f_fp;
int r, s;
u8_t cmd[9];
/* Never attempt a transfer if the drive is uncalibrated or motor is off. */
if (fp->fl_calibration == UNCALIBRATED) return(ERR_TRANSFER);
if ((motor_status & (1 << f_drive)) == 0) return(ERR_TRANSFER);
/* The command is issued by outputting several bytes to the controller chip.
*/
if (f_device & FORMAT_DEV_BIT) {
cmd[0] = FDC_FORMAT;
cmd[1] = (fp->fl_head << 2) | f_drive;
cmd[2] = fmt_param.sector_size_code;
cmd[3] = fmt_param.sectors_per_cylinder;
cmd[4] = fmt_param.gap_length_for_format;
cmd[5] = fmt_param.fill_byte_for_format;
if (fdc_command(cmd, 6) != OK) return(ERR_TRANSFER);
} else {
cmd[0] = opcode == DEV_SCATTER ? FDC_WRITE : FDC_READ;
cmd[1] = (fp->fl_head << 2) | f_drive;
cmd[2] = fp->fl_cylinder;
cmd[3] = fp->fl_head;
cmd[4] = BASE_SECTOR + fp->fl_sector;
cmd[5] = SECTOR_SIZE_CODE;
cmd[6] = f_sectors;
cmd[7] = f_dp->gap; /* sector gap */
cmd[8] = DTL; /* data length */
if (fdc_command(cmd, 9) != OK) return(ERR_TRANSFER);
}
/* Block, waiting for disk interrupt. */
if (f_intr_wait() != OK) {
printf("%s: disk interrupt timed out.\n", f_name());
return(ERR_TIMEOUT);
}
/* Get controller status and check for errors. */
r = fdc_results();
if (r != OK) return(r);
if (f_results[ST1] & WRITE_PROTECT) {
printf("%s: diskette is write protected.\n", f_name());
return(ERR_WR_PROTECT);
}
if ((f_results[ST0] & ST0_BITS) != TRANS_ST0) return(ERR_TRANSFER);
if (f_results[ST1] | f_results[ST2]) return(ERR_TRANSFER);
if (f_device & FORMAT_DEV_BIT) return(OK);
/* Compare actual numbers of sectors transferred with expected number. */
s = (f_results[ST_CYL] - fp->fl_cylinder) * NR_HEADS * f_sectors;
s += (f_results[ST_HEAD] - fp->fl_head) * f_sectors;
s += (f_results[ST_SEC] - BASE_SECTOR - fp->fl_sector);
if (s != 1) return(ERR_TRANSFER);
/* This sector is next for I/O: */
fp->fl_sector = f_results[ST_SEC] - BASE_SECTOR;
#if 0
if (processor < 386) fp->fl_sector++; /* Old CPU can't keep up. */
#endif
return(OK);
}
/*==========================================================================*
* fdc_results *
*==========================================================================*/
PRIVATE int fdc_results()
{
/* Extract results from the controller after an operation, then allow floppy
* interrupts again.
*/
int s, result_nr, status;
clock_t t0,t1;
/* Extract bytes from FDC until it says it has no more. The loop is
* really an outer loop on result_nr and an inner loop on status.
* A timeout flag alarm is set.
*/
result_nr = 0;
getuptime(&t0);
do {
/* Reading one byte is almost a mirror of fdc_out() - the DIRECTION
* bit must be set instead of clear, but the CTL_BUSY bit destroys
* the perfection of the mirror.
*/
if ((s=sys_inb(FDC_STATUS, &status)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY","Sys_inb in fdc_results() failed", s);
status &= (MASTER | DIRECTION | CTL_BUSY);
if (status == (MASTER | DIRECTION | CTL_BUSY)) {
if (result_nr >= MAX_RESULTS) break; /* too many results */
if ((s=sys_inb(FDC_DATA, &f_results[result_nr])) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY","Sys_inb in fdc_results() failed", s);
result_nr ++;
continue;
}
if (status == MASTER) { /* all read */
if ((s=sys_irqenable(&irq_hook_id)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY", "Couldn't enable IRQs", s);
return(OK); /* only good exit */
}
} while ( (s=getuptime(&t1))==OK && (t1-t0) < TIMEOUT_TICKS );
if (OK!=s) printf("FLOPPY: warning, getuptime failed: %d\n", s);
need_reset = TRUE; /* controller chip must be reset */
if ((s=sys_irqenable(&irq_hook_id)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY", "Couldn't enable IRQs", s);
return(ERR_STATUS);
}
/*===========================================================================*
* fdc_command *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE int fdc_command(cmd, len)
u8_t *cmd; /* command bytes */
int len; /* command length */
{
/* Output a command to the controller. */
/* Set a synchronous alarm to force a timeout if the hardware does
* not interrupt. Expect HARD_INT, but check for SYN_ALARM timeout.
* Note that the actual check is done by the code that issued the
* fdc_command() call.
*/
f_set_timer(&f_tmr_timeout, WAKEUP, f_timeout);
f_busy = BSY_IO;
while (len > 0) {
fdc_out(*cmd++);
len--;
}
return(need_reset ? ERR_DRIVE : OK);
}
/*===========================================================================*
* fdc_out *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void fdc_out(val)
int val; /* write this byte to floppy disk controller */
{
/* Output a byte to the controller. This is not entirely trivial, since you
* can only write to it when it is listening, and it decides when to listen.
* If the controller refuses to listen, the FDC chip is given a hard reset.
*/
clock_t t0, t1;
int s, status;
if (need_reset) return; /* if controller is not listening, return */
/* It may take several tries to get the FDC to accept a command. */
getuptime(&t0);
do {
if ( (s=getuptime(&t1))==OK && (t1-t0) > TIMEOUT_TICKS ) {
if (OK!=s) printf("FLOPPY: warning, getuptime failed: %d\n", s);
need_reset = TRUE; /* hit it over the head */
return;
}
if ((s=sys_inb(FDC_STATUS, &status)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY","Sys_inb in fdc_out() failed", s);
}
while ((status & (MASTER | DIRECTION)) != (MASTER | 0));
if ((s=sys_outb(FDC_DATA, val)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY","Sys_outb in fdc_out() failed", s);
}
/*===========================================================================*
* recalibrate *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE int recalibrate()
{
/* The floppy disk controller has no way of determining its absolute arm
* position (cylinder). Instead, it steps the arm a cylinder at a time and
* keeps track of where it thinks it is (in software). However, after a
* SEEK, the hardware reads information from the diskette telling where the
* arm actually is. If the arm is in the wrong place, a recalibration is done,
* which forces the arm to cylinder 0. This way the controller can get back
* into sync with reality.
*/
struct floppy *fp = f_fp;
int r;
u8_t cmd[2];
/* Issue the RECALIBRATE command and wait for the interrupt. */
cmd[0] = FDC_RECALIBRATE; /* tell drive to recalibrate itself */
cmd[1] = f_drive; /* specify drive */
if (fdc_command(cmd, 2) != OK) return(ERR_SEEK);
if (f_intr_wait() != OK) return(ERR_TIMEOUT);
/* Determine if the recalibration succeeded. */
fdc_out(FDC_SENSE); /* issue SENSE command to request results */
r = fdc_results(); /* get results of the FDC_RECALIBRATE command*/
fp->fl_curcyl = NO_CYL; /* force a SEEK next time */
fp->fl_sector = NO_SECTOR;
if (r != OK || /* controller would not respond */
(f_results[ST0] & ST0_BITS) != SEEK_ST0 || f_results[ST_PCN] != 0) {
/* Recalibration failed. FDC must be reset. */
need_reset = TRUE;
return(ERR_RECALIBRATE);
} else {
/* Recalibration succeeded. */
fp->fl_calibration = CALIBRATED;
fp->fl_curcyl = f_results[ST_PCN];
return(OK);
}
}
/*===========================================================================*
* f_reset *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void f_reset()
{
/* Issue a reset to the controller. This is done after any catastrophe,
* like the controller refusing to respond.
*/
pvb_pair_t byte_out[2];
int s,i;
message mess;
/* Disable interrupts and strobe reset bit low. */
need_reset = FALSE;
/* It is not clear why the next lock is needed. Writing 0 to DOR causes
* interrupt, while the PC documentation says turning bit 8 off disables
* interrupts. Without the lock:
* 1) the interrupt handler sets the floppy mask bit in the 8259.
* 2) writing ENABLE_INT to DOR causes the FDC to assert the interrupt
* line again, but the mask stops the cpu being interrupted.
* 3) the sense interrupt clears the interrupt (not clear which one).
* and for some reason the reset does not work.
*/
(void) fdc_command((u8_t *) 0, 0); /* need only the timer */
motor_status = 0;
pv_set(byte_out[0], DOR, 0); /* strobe reset bit low */
pv_set(byte_out[1], DOR, ENABLE_INT); /* strobe it high again */
if ((s=sys_voutb(byte_out, 2)) != OK)
panic("FLOPPY", "Sys_voutb in f_reset() failed", s);
/* A synchronous alarm timer was set in fdc_command. Expect a HARD_INT
* message to collect the reset interrupt, but be prepared to handle the
* SYN_ALARM message on a timeout.
*/
do {
receive(ANY, &mess);
if (mess.m_type == SYN_ALARM) {
f_expire_tmrs(NULL);
} else { /* expect HARD_INT */
f_busy = BSY_IDLE;
}
} while (f_busy == BSY_IO);
/* The controller supports 4 drives and returns a result for each of them.
* Collect all the results now. The old version only collected the first
* result. This happens to work for 2 drives, but it doesn't work for 3
* or more drives, at least with only drives 0 and 2 actually connected
* (the controller generates an extra interrupt for the middle drive when
* drive 2 is accessed and the driver panics).
*
* It would be better to keep collecting results until there are no more.
* For this, fdc_results needs to return the number of results (instead
* of OK) when it succeeds.
*/
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
fdc_out(FDC_SENSE); /* probe FDC to make it return status */
(void) fdc_results(); /* flush controller */
}
for (i = 0; i < NR_DRIVES; i++) /* clear each drive */
floppy[i].fl_calibration = UNCALIBRATED;
/* The current timing parameters must be specified again. */
prev_dp = NULL;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* f_intr_wait *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE int f_intr_wait()
{
/* Wait for an interrupt, but not forever. The FDC may have all the time of
* the world, but we humans do not.
*/
message mess;
/* We expect a HARD_INT message from the interrupt handler, but if there is
* a timeout, a SYN_ALARM notification is received instead. If a timeout
* occurs, report an error.
*/
do {
receive(ANY, &mess);
if (mess.m_type == SYN_ALARM) {
f_expire_tmrs(NULL);
} else {
f_busy = BSY_IDLE;
}
} while (f_busy == BSY_IO);
if (f_busy == BSY_WAKEN) {
/* No interrupt from the FDC, this means that there is probably no
* floppy in the drive. Get the FDC down to earth and return error.
*/
need_reset = TRUE;
return(ERR_TIMEOUT);
}
return(OK);
}
/*===========================================================================*
* f_timeout *
*===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void f_timeout(tp)
timer_t *tp;
{
/* This routine is called when a timer expires. Usually to tell that a
* motor has spun up, but also to forge an interrupt when it takes too long
* for the FDC to interrupt (no floppy in the drive). It sets a flag to tell
* what has happened.
*/
if (f_busy == BSY_IO) {
f_busy = BSY_WAKEN;
}
}
/*==========================================================================*
* read_id *
*==========================================================================*/
PRIVATE int read_id()
{
/* Determine current cylinder and sector. */
struct floppy *fp = f_fp;
int result;
u8_t cmd[2];
/* Never attempt a read id if the drive is uncalibrated or motor is off. */
if (fp->fl_calibration == UNCALIBRATED) return(ERR_READ_ID);
if ((motor_status & (1 << f_drive)) == 0) return(ERR_READ_ID);
/* The command is issued by outputting 2 bytes to the controller chip. */
cmd[0] = FDC_READ_ID; /* issue the read id command */
cmd[1] = (fp->fl_head << 2) | f_drive;
if (fdc_command(cmd, 2) != OK) return(ERR_READ_ID);
if (f_intr_wait() != OK) return(ERR_TIMEOUT);
/* Get controller status and check for errors. */
result = fdc_results();
if (result != OK) return(result);
if ((f_results[ST0] & ST0_BITS) != TRANS_ST0) return(ERR_READ_ID);
if (f_results[ST1] | f_results[ST2]) return(ERR_READ_ID);
/* The next sector is next for I/O: */
fp->fl_sector = f_results[ST_SEC] - BASE_SECTOR + 1;
return(OK);
}
/*==========================================================================*
* f_do_open *
*==========================================================================*/
PRIVATE int f_do_open(dp, m_ptr)
struct driver *dp;
message *m_ptr; /* pointer to open message */
{
/* Handle an open on a floppy. Determine diskette type if need be. */
int dtype;
struct test_order *top;
/* Decode the message parameters. */
if (f_prepare(m_ptr->DEVICE) == NIL_DEV) return(ENXIO);
dtype = f_device & DEV_TYPE_BITS; /* get density from minor dev */
if (dtype >= MINOR_fd0p0) dtype = 0;
if (dtype != 0) {
/* All types except 0 indicate a specific drive/medium combination.*/
dtype = (dtype >> DEV_TYPE_SHIFT) - 1;
if (dtype >= NT) return(ENXIO);
f_fp->fl_density = dtype;
(void) f_prepare(f_device); /* Recompute parameters. */
return(OK);
}
if (f_device & FORMAT_DEV_BIT) return(EIO); /* Can't format /dev/fdN */
/* The device opened is /dev/fdN. Experimentally determine drive/medium.
* First check fl_density. If it is not NO_DENS, the drive has been used
* before and the value of fl_density tells what was found last time. Try
* that first. If the motor is still running then assume nothing changed.
*/
if (f_fp->fl_density != NO_DENS) {
if (motor_status & (1 << f_drive)) return(OK);
if (test_read(f_fp->fl_density) == OK) return(OK);
}
/* Either drive type is unknown or a different diskette is now present.
* Use test_order to try them one by one.
*/
for (top = &test_order[0]; top < &test_order[NT-1]; top++) {
dtype = top->t_density;
/* Skip densities that have been proven to be impossible */
if (!(f_fp->fl_class & (1 << dtype))) continue;
if (test_read(dtype) == OK) {
/* The test succeeded, use this knowledge to limit the
* drive class to match the density just read.
*/
f_fp->fl_class &= top->t_class;
return(OK);
}
/* Test failed, wrong density or did it time out? */
if (f_busy == BSY_WAKEN) break;
}
f_fp->fl_density = NO_DENS;
return(EIO); /* nothing worked */
}
/*==========================================================================*
* test_read *
*==========================================================================*/
PRIVATE int test_read(density)
int density;
{
/* Try to read the highest numbered sector on cylinder 2. Not all floppy
* types have as many sectors per track, and trying cylinder 2 finds the
* ones that need double stepping.
*/
int device;
off_t position;
iovec_t iovec1;
int result;
f_fp->fl_density = density;
device = ((density + 1) << DEV_TYPE_SHIFT) + f_drive;
(void) f_prepare(device);
position = (off_t) f_dp->test << SECTOR_SHIFT;
iovec1.iov_addr = (vir_bytes) tmp_buf;
iovec1.iov_size = SECTOR_SIZE;
result = f_transfer(SELF, DEV_GATHER, position, &iovec1, 1);
if (iovec1.iov_size != 0) return(EIO);
partition(&f_dtab, f_drive, P_FLOPPY);
return(OK);
}
/*============================================================================*
* f_geometry *
*============================================================================*/
PRIVATE void f_geometry(entry)
struct partition *entry;
{
entry->cylinders = f_dp->cyls;
entry->heads = NR_HEADS;
entry->sectors = f_sectors;
}
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