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minix/servers/vm/arch/i386/pagetable.c
Ben Gras 50e2064049 No more intel/minix segments. 
This commit removes all traces of Minix segments (the text/data/stack
memory map abstraction in the kernel) and significance of Intel segments
(hardware segments like CS, DS that add offsets to all addressing before
page table translation). This ultimately simplifies the memory layout
and addressing and makes the same layout possible on non-Intel
architectures.

There are only two types of addresses in the world now: virtual
and physical; even the kernel and processes have the same virtual
address space. Kernel and user processes can be distinguished at a
glance as processes won't use 0xF0000000 and above.

No static pre-allocated memory sizes exist any more.

Changes to booting:
        . The pre_init.c leaves the kernel and modules exactly as
          they were left by the bootloader in physical memory
        . The kernel starts running using physical addressing,
          loaded at a fixed location given in its linker script by the
          bootloader.  All code and data in this phase are linked to
          this fixed low location.
        . It makes a bootstrap pagetable to map itself to a
          fixed high location (also in linker script) and jumps to
          the high address. All code and data then use this high addressing.
        . All code/data symbols linked at the low addresses is prefixed by
          an objcopy step with __k_unpaged_*, so that that code cannot
          reference highly-linked symbols (which aren't valid yet) or vice
          versa (symbols that aren't valid any more).
        . The two addressing modes are separated in the linker script by
          collecting the unpaged_*.o objects and linking them with low
          addresses, and linking the rest high. Some objects are linked
          twice, once low and once high.
        . The bootstrap phase passes a lot of information (e.g. free memory
          list, physical location of the modules, etc.) using the kinfo
          struct.
        . After this bootstrap the low-linked part is freed.
        . The kernel maps in VM into the bootstrap page table so that VM can
          begin executing. Its first job is to make page tables for all other
          boot processes. So VM runs before RS, and RS gets a fully dynamic,
          VM-managed address space. VM gets its privilege info from RS as usual
          but that happens after RS starts running.
        . Both the kernel loading VM and VM organizing boot processes happen
	  using the libexec logic. This removes the last reason for VM to
	  still know much about exec() and vm/exec.c is gone.

Further Implementation:
        . All segments are based at 0 and have a 4 GB limit.
        . The kernel is mapped in at the top of the virtual address
          space so as not to constrain the user processes.
        . Processes do not use segments from the LDT at all; there are
          no segments in the LDT any more, so no LLDT is needed.
        . The Minix segments T/D/S are gone and so none of the
          user-space or in-kernel copy functions use them. The copy
          functions use a process endpoint of NONE to realize it's
          a physical address, virtual otherwise.
        . The umap call only makes sense to translate a virtual address
          to a physical address now.
        . Segments-related calls like newmap and alloc_segments are gone.
        . All segments-related translation in VM is gone (vir2map etc).
        . Initialization in VM is simpler as no moving around is necessary.
        . VM and all other boot processes can be linked wherever they wish
          and will be mapped in at the right location by the kernel and VM
          respectively.

Other changes:
        . The multiboot code is less special: it does not use mb_print
          for its diagnostics any more but uses printf() as normal, saving
          the output into the diagnostics buffer, only printing to the
          screen using the direct print functions if a panic() occurs.
        . The multiboot code uses the flexible 'free memory map list'
          style to receive the list of free memory if available.
        . The kernel determines the memory layout of the processes to
          a degree: it tells VM where the kernel starts and ends and
          where the kernel wants the top of the process to be. VM then
          uses this entire range, i.e. the stack is right at the top,
          and mmap()ped bits of memory are placed below that downwards,
          and the break grows upwards.

Other Consequences:
        . Every process gets its own page table as address spaces
          can't be separated any more by segments.
        . As all segments are 0-based, there is no distinction between
          virtual and linear addresses, nor between userspace and
          kernel addresses.
        . Less work is done when context switching, leading to a net
          performance increase. (8% faster on my machine for 'make servers'.)
	. The layout and configuration of the GDT makes sysenter and syscall
	  possible.
2012-07-15 22:30:15 +02:00

1127 lines
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#define _SYSTEM 1
#define _POSIX_SOURCE 1
#include <minix/callnr.h>
#include <minix/com.h>
#include <minix/config.h>
#include <minix/const.h>
#include <minix/ds.h>
#include <minix/endpoint.h>
#include <minix/keymap.h>
#include <minix/minlib.h>
#include <minix/type.h>
#include <minix/ipc.h>
#include <minix/sysutil.h>
#include <minix/syslib.h>
#include <minix/safecopies.h>
#include <minix/cpufeature.h>
#include <minix/bitmap.h>
#include <minix/debug.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <env.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "proto.h"
#include "glo.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "vm.h"
#include "sanitycheck.h"
#include "memory.h"
/* PDE used to map in kernel, kernel physical address. */
static int pagedir_pde = -1;
static u32_t global_bit = 0, pagedir_pde_val;
static multiboot_module_t *kern_mb_mod = NULL;
static size_t kern_size = 0;
static int kern_start_pde = -1;
/* 4MB page size available in hardware? */
static int bigpage_ok = 0;
/* Our process table entry. */
struct vmproc *vmprocess = &vmproc[VM_PROC_NR];
/* Spare memory, ready to go after initialization, to avoid a
* circular dependency on allocating memory and writing it into VM's
* page table.
*/
#define SPAREPAGES 15
int missing_spares = SPAREPAGES;
static struct {
void *page;
phys_bytes phys;
} sparepages[SPAREPAGES];
#define MAX_KERNMAPPINGS 10
static struct {
phys_bytes phys_addr; /* Physical addr. */
phys_bytes len; /* Length in bytes. */
vir_bytes vir_addr; /* Offset in page table. */
int flags;
} kern_mappings[MAX_KERNMAPPINGS];
int kernmappings = 0;
/* Clicks must be pages, as
* - they must be page aligned to map them
* - they must be a multiple of the page size
* - it's inconvenient to have them bigger than pages, because we often want
* just one page
* May as well require them to be equal then.
*/
#if CLICK_SIZE != I386_PAGE_SIZE
#error CLICK_SIZE must be page size.
#endif
/* Page table that contains pointers to all page directories. */
phys_bytes page_directories_phys;
u32_t *page_directories = NULL;
#define STATIC_SPAREPAGES 10
static char static_sparepages[I386_PAGE_SIZE*STATIC_SPAREPAGES + I386_PAGE_SIZE] __aligned(I386_PAGE_SIZE);
#if SANITYCHECKS
/*===========================================================================*
* pt_sanitycheck *
*===========================================================================*/
void pt_sanitycheck(pt_t *pt, char *file, int line)
{
/* Basic pt sanity check. */
int slot;
MYASSERT(pt);
MYASSERT(pt->pt_dir);
MYASSERT(pt->pt_dir_phys);
for(slot = 0; slot < ELEMENTS(vmproc); slot++) {
if(pt == &vmproc[slot].vm_pt)
break;
}
if(slot >= ELEMENTS(vmproc)) {
panic("pt_sanitycheck: passed pt not in any proc");
}
MYASSERT(usedpages_add(pt->pt_dir_phys, I386_PAGE_SIZE) == OK);
}
#endif
/*===========================================================================*
* findhole *
*===========================================================================*/
static u32_t findhole(void)
{
/* Find a space in the virtual address space of VM. */
u32_t curv;
int pde = 0, try_restart;
static u32_t lastv = 0;
pt_t *pt = &vmprocess->vm_pt;
extern char _end;
vir_bytes vmin, vmax;
vmin = (vir_bytes) (&_end) & I386_VM_ADDR_MASK; /* marks end of VM BSS */
vmax = VM_STACKTOP;
/* Input sanity check. */
assert(vmin + I386_PAGE_SIZE >= vmin);
assert(vmax >= vmin + I386_PAGE_SIZE);
assert((vmin % I386_PAGE_SIZE) == 0);
assert((vmax % I386_PAGE_SIZE) == 0);
#if SANITYCHECKS
curv = ((u32_t) random()) % ((vmax - vmin)/I386_PAGE_SIZE);
curv *= I386_PAGE_SIZE;
curv += vmin;
#else
curv = lastv;
if(curv < vmin || curv >= vmax)
curv = vmin;
#endif
try_restart = 1;
/* Start looking for a free page starting at vmin. */
while(curv < vmax) {
int pte;
assert(curv >= vmin);
assert(curv < vmax);
pde = I386_VM_PDE(curv);
pte = I386_VM_PTE(curv);
if(!(pt->pt_dir[pde] & I386_VM_PRESENT) ||
!(pt->pt_pt[pde][pte] & I386_VM_PRESENT)) {
lastv = curv;
return curv;
}
curv+=I386_PAGE_SIZE;
if(curv >= vmax && try_restart) {
curv = vmin;
try_restart = 0;
}
}
printf("VM: out of virtual address space in vm\n");
return NO_MEM;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* vm_freepages *
*===========================================================================*/
static void vm_freepages(vir_bytes vir, vir_bytes phys, int pages, int reason)
{
assert(reason >= 0 && reason < VMP_CATEGORIES);
assert(!(vir % I386_PAGE_SIZE));
assert(!(phys % I386_PAGE_SIZE));
extern char _end;
if(vir < (vir_bytes) &_end) {
printf("VM: not freeing static page\n");
return;
}
free_mem(ABS2CLICK(phys), pages);
if(pt_writemap(vmprocess, &vmprocess->vm_pt, vir,
MAP_NONE, pages*I386_PAGE_SIZE, 0, WMF_OVERWRITE) != OK)
panic("vm_freepages: pt_writemap failed");
#if SANITYCHECKS
/* If SANITYCHECKS are on, flush tlb so accessing freed pages is
* always trapped, also if not in tlb.
*/
if((sys_vmctl(SELF, VMCTL_FLUSHTLB, 0)) != OK) {
panic("VMCTL_FLUSHTLB failed");
}
#endif
}
/*===========================================================================*
* vm_getsparepage *
*===========================================================================*/
static void *vm_getsparepage(phys_bytes *phys)
{
int s;
assert(missing_spares >= 0 && missing_spares <= SPAREPAGES);
for(s = 0; s < SPAREPAGES; s++) {
if(sparepages[s].page) {
void *sp;
sp = sparepages[s].page;
*phys = sparepages[s].phys;
sparepages[s].page = NULL;
missing_spares++;
assert(missing_spares >= 0 && missing_spares <= SPAREPAGES);
return sp;
}
}
return NULL;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* vm_checkspares *
*===========================================================================*/
static void *vm_checkspares(void)
{
int s, n = 0;
static int total = 0, worst = 0;
assert(missing_spares >= 0 && missing_spares <= SPAREPAGES);
for(s = 0; s < SPAREPAGES && missing_spares > 0; s++)
if(!sparepages[s].page) {
n++;
if((sparepages[s].page = vm_allocpage(&sparepages[s].phys,
VMP_SPARE))) {
missing_spares--;
assert(missing_spares >= 0);
assert(missing_spares <= SPAREPAGES);
} else {
printf("VM: warning: couldn't get new spare page\n");
}
}
if(worst < n) worst = n;
total += n;
return NULL;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* vm_allocpage *
*===========================================================================*/
void *vm_allocpage(phys_bytes *phys, int reason)
{
/* Allocate a page for use by VM itself. */
phys_bytes newpage;
vir_bytes loc;
pt_t *pt;
int r;
static int level = 0;
void *ret;
pt = &vmprocess->vm_pt;
assert(reason >= 0 && reason < VMP_CATEGORIES);
level++;
assert(level >= 1);
assert(level <= 2);
if(level > 1 || !meminit_done) {
void *s;
s=vm_getsparepage(phys);
level--;
if(!s) {
util_stacktrace();
printf("VM: warning: out of spare pages\n");
}
return s;
}
/* VM does have a pagetable, so get a page and map it in there.
* Where in our virtual address space can we put it?
*/
loc = findhole();
if(loc == NO_MEM) {
level--;
printf("VM: vm_allocpage: findhole failed\n");
return NULL;
}
/* Allocate page of memory for use by VM. As VM
* is trusted, we don't have to pre-clear it.
*/
if((newpage = alloc_mem(CLICKSPERPAGE, 0)) == NO_MEM) {
level--;
printf("VM: vm_allocpage: alloc_mem failed\n");
return NULL;
}
*phys = CLICK2ABS(newpage);
/* Map this page into our address space. */
if((r=pt_writemap(vmprocess, pt, loc, *phys, I386_PAGE_SIZE,
I386_VM_PRESENT | I386_VM_USER | I386_VM_WRITE, 0)) != OK) {
free_mem(newpage, CLICKSPERPAGE);
printf("vm_allocpage writemap failed\n");
level--;
return NULL;
}
if((r=sys_vmctl(SELF, VMCTL_FLUSHTLB, 0)) != OK) {
panic("VMCTL_FLUSHTLB failed: %d", r);
}
level--;
/* Return user-space-ready pointer to it. */
ret = (void *) loc;
return ret;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* vm_pagelock *
*===========================================================================*/
void vm_pagelock(void *vir, int lockflag)
{
/* Mark a page allocated by vm_allocpage() unwritable, i.e. only for VM. */
vir_bytes m = (vir_bytes) vir;
int r;
u32_t flags = I386_VM_PRESENT | I386_VM_USER;
pt_t *pt;
pt = &vmprocess->vm_pt;
assert(!(m % I386_PAGE_SIZE));
if(!lockflag)
flags |= I386_VM_WRITE;
/* Update flags. */
if((r=pt_writemap(vmprocess, pt, m, 0, I386_PAGE_SIZE,
flags, WMF_OVERWRITE | WMF_WRITEFLAGSONLY)) != OK) {
panic("vm_lockpage: pt_writemap failed");
}
if((r=sys_vmctl(SELF, VMCTL_FLUSHTLB, 0)) != OK) {
panic("VMCTL_FLUSHTLB failed: %d", r);
}
return;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* vm_addrok *
*===========================================================================*/
int vm_addrok(void *vir, int writeflag)
{
pt_t *pt = &vmprocess->vm_pt;
int pde, pte;
vir_bytes v = (vir_bytes) vir;
pde = I386_VM_PDE(v);
pte = I386_VM_PTE(v);
if(!(pt->pt_dir[pde] & I386_VM_PRESENT)) {
printf("addr not ok: missing pde %d\n", pde);
return 0;
}
if(writeflag &&
!(pt->pt_dir[pde] & I386_VM_WRITE)) {
printf("addr not ok: pde %d present but pde unwritable\n", pde);
return 0;
}
if(!(pt->pt_pt[pde][pte] & I386_VM_PRESENT)) {
printf("addr not ok: missing pde %d / pte %d\n",
pde, pte);
return 0;
}
if(writeflag &&
!(pt->pt_pt[pde][pte] & I386_VM_WRITE)) {
printf("addr not ok: pde %d / pte %d present but unwritable\n",
pde, pte);
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* pt_ptalloc *
*===========================================================================*/
static int pt_ptalloc(pt_t *pt, int pde, u32_t flags)
{
/* Allocate a page table and write its address into the page directory. */
int i;
phys_bytes pt_phys;
/* Argument must make sense. */
assert(pde >= 0 && pde < I386_VM_DIR_ENTRIES);
assert(!(flags & ~(PTF_ALLFLAGS)));
/* We don't expect to overwrite page directory entry, nor
* storage for the page table.
*/
assert(!(pt->pt_dir[pde] & I386_VM_PRESENT));
assert(!pt->pt_pt[pde]);
/* Get storage for the page table. */
if(!(pt->pt_pt[pde] = vm_allocpage(&pt_phys, VMP_PAGETABLE)))
return ENOMEM;
for(i = 0; i < I386_VM_PT_ENTRIES; i++)
pt->pt_pt[pde][i] = 0; /* Empty entry. */
/* Make page directory entry.
* The PDE is always 'present,' 'writable,' and 'user accessible,'
* relying on the PTE for protection.
*/
pt->pt_dir[pde] = (pt_phys & I386_VM_ADDR_MASK) | flags
| I386_VM_PRESENT | I386_VM_USER | I386_VM_WRITE;
return OK;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* pt_ptalloc_in_range *
*===========================================================================*/
int pt_ptalloc_in_range(pt_t *pt, vir_bytes start, vir_bytes end,
u32_t flags, int verify)
{
/* Allocate all the page tables in the range specified. */
int pde, first_pde, last_pde;
first_pde = I386_VM_PDE(start);
last_pde = I386_VM_PDE(end-1);
assert(first_pde >= 0);
assert(last_pde < I386_VM_DIR_ENTRIES);
/* Scan all page-directory entries in the range. */
for(pde = first_pde; pde <= last_pde; pde++) {
assert(!(pt->pt_dir[pde] & I386_VM_BIGPAGE));
if(!(pt->pt_dir[pde] & I386_VM_PRESENT)) {
int r;
if(verify) {
printf("pt_ptalloc_in_range: no pde %d\n", pde);
return EFAULT;
}
assert(!pt->pt_dir[pde]);
if((r=pt_ptalloc(pt, pde, flags)) != OK) {
/* Couldn't do (complete) mapping.
* Don't bother freeing any previously
* allocated page tables, they're
* still writable, don't point to nonsense,
* and pt_ptalloc leaves the directory
* and other data in a consistent state.
*/
printf("pt_ptalloc_in_range: pt_ptalloc failed\n");
return r;
}
}
assert(pt->pt_dir[pde]);
assert(pt->pt_dir[pde] & I386_VM_PRESENT);
}
return OK;
}
static char *ptestr(u32_t pte)
{
#define FLAG(constant, name) { \
if(pte & (constant)) { strcat(str, name); strcat(str, " "); } \
}
static char str[30];
if(!(pte & I386_VM_PRESENT)) {
return "not present";
}
str[0] = '\0';
FLAG(I386_VM_WRITE, "W");
FLAG(I386_VM_USER, "U");
FLAG(I386_VM_PWT, "PWT");
FLAG(I386_VM_PCD, "PCD");
FLAG(I386_VM_ACC, "ACC");
FLAG(I386_VM_DIRTY, "DIRTY");
FLAG(I386_VM_PS, "PS");
FLAG(I386_VM_GLOBAL, "G");
FLAG(I386_VM_PTAVAIL1, "AV1");
FLAG(I386_VM_PTAVAIL2, "AV2");
FLAG(I386_VM_PTAVAIL3, "AV3");
return str;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* pt_map_in_range *
*===========================================================================*/
int pt_map_in_range(struct vmproc *src_vmp, struct vmproc *dst_vmp,
vir_bytes start, vir_bytes end)
{
/* Transfer all the mappings from the pt of the source process to the pt of
* the destination process in the range specified.
*/
int pde, pte;
vir_bytes viraddr;
pt_t *pt, *dst_pt;
pt = &src_vmp->vm_pt;
dst_pt = &dst_vmp->vm_pt;
end = end ? end : VM_DATATOP;
assert(start % I386_PAGE_SIZE == 0);
assert(end % I386_PAGE_SIZE == 0);
assert(I386_VM_PDE(start) >= 0 && start <= end);
assert(I386_VM_PDE(end) < I386_VM_DIR_ENTRIES);
#if LU_DEBUG
printf("VM: pt_map_in_range: src = %d, dst = %d\n",
src_vmp->vm_endpoint, dst_vmp->vm_endpoint);
printf("VM: pt_map_in_range: transferring from 0x%08x (pde %d pte %d) to 0x%08x (pde %d pte %d)\n",
start, I386_VM_PDE(start), I386_VM_PTE(start),
end, I386_VM_PDE(end), I386_VM_PTE(end));
#endif
/* Scan all page-table entries in the range. */
for(viraddr = start; viraddr <= end; viraddr += I386_PAGE_SIZE) {
pde = I386_VM_PDE(viraddr);
if(!(pt->pt_dir[pde] & I386_VM_PRESENT)) {
if(viraddr == VM_DATATOP) break;
continue;
}
pte = I386_VM_PTE(viraddr);
if(!(pt->pt_pt[pde][pte] & I386_VM_PRESENT)) {
if(viraddr == VM_DATATOP) break;
continue;
}
/* Transfer the mapping. */
dst_pt->pt_pt[pde][pte] = pt->pt_pt[pde][pte];
if(viraddr == VM_DATATOP) break;
}
return OK;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* pt_ptmap *
*===========================================================================*/
int pt_ptmap(struct vmproc *src_vmp, struct vmproc *dst_vmp)
{
/* Transfer mappings to page dir and page tables from source process and
* destination process. Make sure all the mappings are above the stack, not
* to corrupt valid mappings in the data segment of the destination process.
*/
int pde, r;
phys_bytes physaddr;
vir_bytes viraddr;
pt_t *pt;
pt = &src_vmp->vm_pt;
#if LU_DEBUG
printf("VM: pt_ptmap: src = %d, dst = %d\n",
src_vmp->vm_endpoint, dst_vmp->vm_endpoint);
#endif
/* Transfer mapping to the page directory. */
viraddr = (vir_bytes) pt->pt_dir;
physaddr = pt->pt_dir_phys & I386_VM_ADDR_MASK;
if((r=pt_writemap(dst_vmp, &dst_vmp->vm_pt, viraddr, physaddr, I386_PAGE_SIZE,
I386_VM_PRESENT | I386_VM_USER | I386_VM_WRITE,
WMF_OVERWRITE)) != OK) {
return r;
}
#if LU_DEBUG
printf("VM: pt_ptmap: transferred mapping to page dir: 0x%08x (0x%08x)\n",
viraddr, physaddr);
#endif
/* Scan all non-reserved page-directory entries. */
for(pde=0; pde < I386_VM_DIR_ENTRIES; pde++) {
if(!(pt->pt_dir[pde] & I386_VM_PRESENT)) {
continue;
}
/* Transfer mapping to the page table. */
viraddr = (vir_bytes) pt->pt_pt[pde];
physaddr = pt->pt_dir[pde] & I386_VM_ADDR_MASK;
if((r=pt_writemap(dst_vmp, &dst_vmp->vm_pt, viraddr, physaddr, I386_PAGE_SIZE,
I386_VM_PRESENT | I386_VM_USER | I386_VM_WRITE,
WMF_OVERWRITE)) != OK) {
return r;
}
}
return OK;
}
void pt_clearmapcache(void)
{
/* Make sure kernel will invalidate tlb when using current
* pagetable (i.e. vm's) to make new mappings before new cr3
* is loaded.
*/
if(sys_vmctl(SELF, VMCTL_CLEARMAPCACHE, 0) != OK)
panic("VMCTL_CLEARMAPCACHE failed");
}
/*===========================================================================*
* pt_writemap *
*===========================================================================*/
int pt_writemap(struct vmproc * vmp,
pt_t *pt,
vir_bytes v,
phys_bytes physaddr,
size_t bytes,
u32_t flags,
u32_t writemapflags)
{
/* Write mapping into page table. Allocate a new page table if necessary. */
/* Page directory and table entries for this virtual address. */
int p, pages;
int verify = 0;
int ret = OK;
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
int vminhibit_clear = 0;
/* FIXME
* don't do it everytime, stop the process only on the first change and
* resume the execution on the last change. Do in a wrapper of this
* function
*/
if (vmp && vmp->vm_endpoint != NONE && vmp->vm_endpoint != VM_PROC_NR &&
!(vmp->vm_flags & VMF_EXITING)) {
sys_vmctl(vmp->vm_endpoint, VMCTL_VMINHIBIT_SET, 0);
vminhibit_clear = 1;
}
#endif
if(writemapflags & WMF_VERIFY)
verify = 1;
assert(!(bytes % I386_PAGE_SIZE));
assert(!(flags & ~(PTF_ALLFLAGS)));
pages = bytes / I386_PAGE_SIZE;
/* MAP_NONE means to clear the mapping. It doesn't matter
* what's actually written into the PTE if I386_VM_PRESENT
* isn't on, so we can just write MAP_NONE into it.
*/
assert(physaddr == MAP_NONE || (flags & I386_VM_PRESENT));
assert(physaddr != MAP_NONE || !flags);
/* First make sure all the necessary page tables are allocated,
* before we start writing in any of them, because it's a pain
* to undo our work properly.
*/
ret = pt_ptalloc_in_range(pt, v, v + I386_PAGE_SIZE*pages, flags, verify);
if(ret != OK) {
printf("VM: writemap: pt_ptalloc_in_range failed\n");
goto resume_exit;
}
/* Now write in them. */
for(p = 0; p < pages; p++) {
u32_t entry;
int pde = I386_VM_PDE(v);
int pte = I386_VM_PTE(v);
if(!v) { printf("VM: warning: making zero page for %d\n",
vmp->vm_endpoint); }
assert(!(v % I386_PAGE_SIZE));
assert(pte >= 0 && pte < I386_VM_PT_ENTRIES);
assert(pde >= 0 && pde < I386_VM_DIR_ENTRIES);
/* Page table has to be there. */
assert(pt->pt_dir[pde] & I386_VM_PRESENT);
/* We do not expect it to be a bigpage. */
assert(!(pt->pt_dir[pde] & I386_VM_BIGPAGE));
/* Make sure page directory entry for this page table
* is marked present and page table entry is available.
*/
assert(pt->pt_pt[pde]);
#if SANITYCHECKS
/* We don't expect to overwrite a page. */
if(!(writemapflags & (WMF_OVERWRITE|WMF_VERIFY)))
assert(!(pt->pt_pt[pde][pte] & I386_VM_PRESENT));
#endif
if(writemapflags & (WMF_WRITEFLAGSONLY|WMF_FREE)) {
physaddr = pt->pt_pt[pde][pte] & I386_VM_ADDR_MASK;
}
if(writemapflags & WMF_FREE) {
free_mem(ABS2CLICK(physaddr), 1);
}
/* Entry we will write. */
entry = (physaddr & I386_VM_ADDR_MASK) | flags;
if(verify) {
u32_t maskedentry;
maskedentry = pt->pt_pt[pde][pte];
maskedentry &= ~(I386_VM_ACC|I386_VM_DIRTY);
/* Verify pagetable entry. */
if(entry & I386_VM_WRITE) {
/* If we expect a writable page, allow a readonly page. */
maskedentry |= I386_VM_WRITE;
}
if(maskedentry != entry) {
printf("pt_writemap: mismatch: ");
if((entry & I386_VM_ADDR_MASK) !=
(maskedentry & I386_VM_ADDR_MASK)) {
printf("pt_writemap: physaddr mismatch (0x%lx, 0x%lx); ",
(long)entry, (long)maskedentry);
} else printf("phys ok; ");
printf(" flags: found %s; ",
ptestr(pt->pt_pt[pde][pte]));
printf(" masked %s; ",
ptestr(maskedentry));
printf(" expected %s\n", ptestr(entry));
ret = EFAULT;
goto resume_exit;
}
} else {
/* Write pagetable entry. */
pt->pt_pt[pde][pte] = entry;
}
physaddr += I386_PAGE_SIZE;
v += I386_PAGE_SIZE;
}
resume_exit:
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
if (vminhibit_clear) {
assert(vmp && vmp->vm_endpoint != NONE && vmp->vm_endpoint != VM_PROC_NR &&
!(vmp->vm_flags & VMF_EXITING));
sys_vmctl(vmp->vm_endpoint, VMCTL_VMINHIBIT_CLEAR, 0);
}
#endif
return ret;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* pt_checkrange *
*===========================================================================*/
int pt_checkrange(pt_t *pt, vir_bytes v, size_t bytes,
int write)
{
int p, pages;
assert(!(bytes % I386_PAGE_SIZE));
pages = bytes / I386_PAGE_SIZE;
for(p = 0; p < pages; p++) {
int pde = I386_VM_PDE(v);
int pte = I386_VM_PTE(v);
assert(!(v % I386_PAGE_SIZE));
assert(pte >= 0 && pte < I386_VM_PT_ENTRIES);
assert(pde >= 0 && pde < I386_VM_DIR_ENTRIES);
/* Page table has to be there. */
if(!(pt->pt_dir[pde] & I386_VM_PRESENT))
return EFAULT;
/* Make sure page directory entry for this page table
* is marked present and page table entry is available.
*/
assert((pt->pt_dir[pde] & I386_VM_PRESENT) && pt->pt_pt[pde]);
if(!(pt->pt_pt[pde][pte] & I386_VM_PRESENT)) {
return EFAULT;
}
if(write && !(pt->pt_pt[pde][pte] & I386_VM_WRITE)) {
return EFAULT;
}
v += I386_PAGE_SIZE;
}
return OK;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* pt_new *
*===========================================================================*/
int pt_new(pt_t *pt)
{
/* Allocate a pagetable root. On i386, allocate a page-aligned page directory
* and set them to 0 (indicating no page tables are allocated). Lookup
* its physical address as we'll need that in the future. Verify it's
* page-aligned.
*/
int i;
/* Don't ever re-allocate/re-move a certain process slot's
* page directory once it's been created. This is a fraction
* faster, but also avoids having to invalidate the page
* mappings from in-kernel page tables pointing to
* the page directories (the page_directories data).
*/
if(!pt->pt_dir &&
!(pt->pt_dir = vm_allocpage((phys_bytes *)&pt->pt_dir_phys, VMP_PAGEDIR))) {
return ENOMEM;
}
for(i = 0; i < I386_VM_DIR_ENTRIES; i++) {
pt->pt_dir[i] = 0; /* invalid entry (I386_VM_PRESENT bit = 0) */
pt->pt_pt[i] = NULL;
}
/* Where to start looking for free virtual address space? */
pt->pt_virtop = 0;
/* Map in kernel. */
if(pt_mapkernel(pt) != OK)
panic("pt_new: pt_mapkernel failed");
return OK;
}
static int freepde(void)
{
int p = kernel_boot_info.freepde_start++;
assert(kernel_boot_info.freepde_start < I386_VM_DIR_ENTRIES);
return p;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* pt_init *
*===========================================================================*/
void pt_init(void)
{
pt_t *newpt;
int s, r, p;
int global_bit_ok = 0;
vir_bytes sparepages_mem;
static u32_t currentpagedir[I386_VM_DIR_ENTRIES];
int m = kernel_boot_info.kern_mod;
u32_t mycr3;
/* Find what the physical location of the kernel is. */
assert(m >= 0);
assert(m < kernel_boot_info.mods_with_kernel);
assert(kernel_boot_info.mods_with_kernel < MULTIBOOT_MAX_MODS);
kern_mb_mod = &kernel_boot_info.module_list[m];
kern_size = kern_mb_mod->mod_end - kern_mb_mod->mod_start;
assert(!(kern_mb_mod->mod_start % I386_BIG_PAGE_SIZE));
assert(!(kernel_boot_info.vir_kern_start % I386_BIG_PAGE_SIZE));
kern_start_pde = kernel_boot_info.vir_kern_start / I386_BIG_PAGE_SIZE;
/* Get ourselves spare pages. */
sparepages_mem = (vir_bytes) static_sparepages;
assert(!(sparepages_mem % I386_PAGE_SIZE));
/* Spare pages are used to allocate memory before VM has its own page
* table that things (i.e. arbitrary physical memory) can be mapped into.
* We get it by pre-allocating it in our bss (allocated and mapped in by
* the kernel) in static_sparepages. We also need the physical addresses
* though; we look them up now so they are ready for use.
*/
missing_spares = 0;
assert(STATIC_SPAREPAGES < SPAREPAGES);
for(s = 0; s < SPAREPAGES; s++) {
vir_bytes v = (sparepages_mem + s*I386_PAGE_SIZE);;
phys_bytes ph;
if((r=sys_umap(SELF, VM_D, (vir_bytes) v,
I386_PAGE_SIZE*SPAREPAGES, &ph)) != OK)
panic("pt_init: sys_umap failed: %d", r);
if(s >= STATIC_SPAREPAGES) {
sparepages[s].page = NULL;
missing_spares++;
continue;
}
sparepages[s].page = (void *) v;
sparepages[s].phys = ph;
}
/* global bit and 4MB pages available? */
global_bit_ok = _cpufeature(_CPUF_I386_PGE);
bigpage_ok = _cpufeature(_CPUF_I386_PSE);
/* Set bit for PTE's and PDE's if available. */
if(global_bit_ok)
global_bit = I386_VM_GLOBAL;
/* Allocate us a page table in which to remember page directory
* pointers.
*/
if(!(page_directories = vm_allocpage(&page_directories_phys,
VMP_PAGETABLE)))
panic("no virt addr for vm mappings");
memset(page_directories, 0, I386_PAGE_SIZE);
/* Now reserve another pde for kernel's own mappings. */
{
int kernmap_pde;
phys_bytes addr, len;
int flags, index = 0;
u32_t offset = 0;
kernmap_pde = freepde();
offset = kernmap_pde * I386_BIG_PAGE_SIZE;
while(sys_vmctl_get_mapping(index, &addr, &len,
&flags) == OK) {
vir_bytes vir;
if(index >= MAX_KERNMAPPINGS)
panic("VM: too many kernel mappings: %d", index);
kern_mappings[index].phys_addr = addr;
kern_mappings[index].len = len;
kern_mappings[index].flags = flags;
kern_mappings[index].vir_addr = offset;
kern_mappings[index].flags =
I386_VM_PRESENT | I386_VM_USER | I386_VM_WRITE;
if(flags & VMMF_UNCACHED)
kern_mappings[index].flags |= PTF_NOCACHE;
if(addr % I386_PAGE_SIZE)
panic("VM: addr unaligned: %d", addr);
if(len % I386_PAGE_SIZE)
panic("VM: len unaligned: %d", len);
vir = offset;
if(sys_vmctl_reply_mapping(index, vir) != OK)
panic("VM: reply failed");
offset += len;
index++;
kernmappings++;
}
}
/* Find a PDE below processes available for mapping in the
* page directories.
*/
pagedir_pde = freepde();
pagedir_pde_val = (page_directories_phys & I386_VM_ADDR_MASK) |
I386_VM_PRESENT | I386_VM_WRITE;
/* Allright. Now. We have to make our own page directory and page tables,
* that the kernel has already set up, accessible to us. It's easier to
* understand if we just copy all the required pages (i.e. page directory
* and page tables), and set up the pointers as if VM had done it itself.
*
* This allocation will happen without using any page table, and just
* uses spare pages.
*/
newpt = &vmprocess->vm_pt;
if(pt_new(newpt) != OK)
panic("vm pt_new failed");
/* Get our current pagedir so we can see it. */
if(sys_vmctl_get_cr3_i386(SELF, &mycr3) != OK)
panic("VM: sys_vmctl_get_cr3_i386 failed");
if(sys_vircopy(NONE, mycr3, SELF,
(vir_bytes) currentpagedir, I386_PAGE_SIZE) != OK)
panic("VM: sys_vircopy failed");
/* We have mapped in kernel ourselves; now copy mappings for VM
* that kernel made, including allocations for BSS. Skip identity
* mapping bits; just map in VM.
*/
for(p = 0; p < I386_VM_DIR_ENTRIES; p++) {
u32_t entry = currentpagedir[p];
phys_bytes ptaddr_kern, ptaddr_us;
/* BIGPAGEs are kernel mapping (do ourselves) or boot
* identity mapping (don't want).
*/
if(!(entry & I386_VM_PRESENT)) continue;
if((entry & I386_VM_BIGPAGE)) continue;
if(pt_ptalloc(newpt, p, 0) != OK)
panic("pt_ptalloc failed");
assert(newpt->pt_dir[p] & I386_VM_PRESENT);
ptaddr_kern = entry & I386_VM_ADDR_MASK;
ptaddr_us = newpt->pt_dir[p] & I386_VM_ADDR_MASK;
/* Copy kernel-initialized pagetable contents into our
* normally accessible pagetable.
*/
if(sys_abscopy(ptaddr_kern, ptaddr_us, I386_PAGE_SIZE) != OK)
panic("pt_init: abscopy failed");
}
/* Inform kernel vm has a newly built page table. */
assert(vmproc[VM_PROC_NR].vm_endpoint == VM_PROC_NR);
pt_mapkernel(newpt);
pt_bind(newpt, &vmproc[VM_PROC_NR]);
/* All OK. */
return;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* pt_bind *
*===========================================================================*/
int pt_bind(pt_t *pt, struct vmproc *who)
{
int slot;
u32_t phys;
void *pdes;
/* Basic sanity checks. */
assert(who);
assert(who->vm_flags & VMF_INUSE);
assert(pt);
assert(pagedir_pde >= 0);
slot = who->vm_slot;
assert(slot >= 0);
assert(slot < ELEMENTS(vmproc));
assert(slot < I386_VM_PT_ENTRIES);
phys = pt->pt_dir_phys & I386_VM_ADDR_MASK;
assert(pt->pt_dir_phys == phys);
/* Update "page directory pagetable." */
page_directories[slot] = phys | I386_VM_PRESENT|I386_VM_WRITE;
/* This is where the PDE's will be visible to the kernel
* in its address space.
*/
pdes = (void *) (pagedir_pde*I386_BIG_PAGE_SIZE +
slot * I386_PAGE_SIZE);
#if 0
printf("VM: slot %d endpoint %d has pde val 0x%lx at kernel address 0x%lx\n",
slot, who->vm_endpoint, page_directories[slot], pdes);
#endif
/* Tell kernel about new page table root. */
return sys_vmctl_set_addrspace(who->vm_endpoint, pt->pt_dir_phys, pdes);
}
/*===========================================================================*
* pt_free *
*===========================================================================*/
void pt_free(pt_t *pt)
{
/* Free memory associated with this pagetable. */
int i;
for(i = 0; i < I386_VM_DIR_ENTRIES; i++)
if(pt->pt_pt[i])
vm_freepages((vir_bytes) pt->pt_pt[i],
I386_VM_PFA(pt->pt_dir[i]), 1, VMP_PAGETABLE);
return;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* pt_mapkernel *
*===========================================================================*/
int pt_mapkernel(pt_t *pt)
{
int i;
int kern_pde = kern_start_pde;
phys_bytes addr, mapped = 0;
/* Any i386 page table needs to map in the kernel address space. */
assert(bigpage_ok);
assert(pagedir_pde >= 0);
assert(kern_pde >= 0);
/* pt_init() has made sure this is ok. */
addr = kern_mb_mod->mod_start;
/* Actually mapping in kernel */
while(mapped < kern_size) {
pt->pt_dir[kern_pde] = addr | I386_VM_PRESENT |
I386_VM_BIGPAGE | I386_VM_WRITE | global_bit;
kern_pde++;
mapped += I386_BIG_PAGE_SIZE;
addr += I386_BIG_PAGE_SIZE;
}
/* Kernel also wants to know about all page directories. */
assert(pagedir_pde > kern_pde);
pt->pt_dir[pagedir_pde] = pagedir_pde_val;
/* Kernel also wants various mappings of its own. */
for(i = 0; i < kernmappings; i++) {
if(pt_writemap(NULL, pt,
kern_mappings[i].vir_addr,
kern_mappings[i].phys_addr,
kern_mappings[i].len,
kern_mappings[i].flags, 0) != OK) {
panic("pt_mapkernel: pt_writemap failed");
}
}
return OK;
}
/*===========================================================================*
* pt_cycle *
*===========================================================================*/
void pt_cycle(void)
{
vm_checkspares();
}
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