2fe8fb192f
There is important information about booting non-ack images in docs/UPDATING. ack/aout-format images can't be built any more, and booting clang/ELF-format ones is a little different. Updating to the new boot monitor is recommended. Changes in this commit: . drop boot monitor -> allowing dropping ack support . facility to copy ELF boot files to /boot so that old boot monitor can still boot fairly easily, see UPDATING . no more ack-format libraries -> single-case libraries . some cleanup of OBJECT_FMT, COMPILER_TYPE, etc cases . drop several ack toolchain commands, but not all support commands (e.g. aal is gone but acksize is not yet). . a few libc files moved to netbsd libc dir . new /bin/date as minix date used code in libc/ . test compile fix . harmonize includes . /usr/lib is no longer special: without ack, /usr/lib plays no kind of special bootstrapping role any more and bootstrapping is done exclusively through packages, so releases depend even less on the state of the machine making them now. . rename nbsd_lib* to lib* . reduce mtree
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6.6 KiB
Groff
232 lines
6.6 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: getrlimit.2,v 1.32 2009/07/01 11:25:50 wiz Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)getrlimit.2 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
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.\"
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.Dd July 1, 2009
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.Dt GETRLIMIT 2
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm getrlimit ,
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.Nm setrlimit
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.Nd control maximum system resource consumption
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.Sh LIBRARY
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.Lb libc
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.In sys/resource.h
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.Ft int
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.Fn getrlimit "int resource" "struct rlimit *rlp"
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.Ft int
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.Fn setrlimit "int resource" "const struct rlimit *rlp"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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Limits on the consumption of system resources by the current process
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and each process it creates may be obtained with the
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.Fn getrlimit
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call, and set with the
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.Fn setrlimit
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call.
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Resources of an arbitrary process can be obtained/changed using
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.Xr sysctl 3 .
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.Pp
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The
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.Fa resource
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parameter is one of the following:
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.Bl -tag -width RLIMIT_FSIZEAA
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.It Li RLIMIT_AS
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The maximum amount (in bytes) of virtual memory the process is allowed to map.
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.It Li RLIMIT_CORE
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The largest size (in bytes)
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.Pa core
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file that may be created.
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.It Li RLIMIT_CPU
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The maximum amount of CPU time (in seconds) to be used by
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each process.
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.It Li RLIMIT_DATA
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The maximum size (in bytes) of the data segment for a process;
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this defines how far a program may extend its break with the
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.Xr sbrk 2
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system call.
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.It Li RLIMIT_FSIZE
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The largest size (in bytes) file that may be created.
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.It Li RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
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The maximum size (in bytes) which a process may lock into memory
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using the
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.Xr mlock 2
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function.
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.It Li RLIMIT_NOFILE
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The maximum number of open files for this process.
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.It Li RLIMIT_NPROC
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The maximum number of simultaneous processes for this user id.
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.It Li RLIMIT_RSS
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The maximum size (in bytes) to which a process's resident set size may
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grow.
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This imposes a limit on the amount of physical memory to be given to
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a process; if memory is tight, the system will prefer to take memory
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from processes that are exceeding their declared resident set size.
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.It Li RLIMIT_SBSIZE
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The maximum size (in bytes) of the socket buffers
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set by the
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.Xr setsockopt 2
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.Dv SO_RCVBUF
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and
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.Dv SO_SNDBUF
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options.
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.It Li RLIMIT_STACK
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The maximum size (in bytes) of the stack segment for a process;
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this defines how far a program's stack segment may be extended.
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Stack extension is performed automatically by the system.
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.El
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.Pp
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A resource limit is specified as a soft limit and a hard limit.
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When a soft limit is exceeded a process may receive a signal (for example,
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if the CPU time or file size is exceeded), but it will be allowed to
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continue execution until it reaches the hard limit (or modifies
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its resource limit).
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The
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.Em rlimit
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structure is used to specify the hard and soft limits on a resource,
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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struct rlimit {
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rlim_t rlim_cur; /* current (soft) limit */
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rlim_t rlim_max; /* hard limit */
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};
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Only the super-user may raise the maximum limits.
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Other users may only alter
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.Fa rlim_cur
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within the range from 0 to
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.Fa rlim_max
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or (irreversibly) lower
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.Fa rlim_max .
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.Pp
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An
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.Dq infinite
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value for a limit is defined as
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.Dv RLIM_INFINITY .
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.Pp
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Because this information is stored in the per-process information,
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this system call must be executed directly by the shell if it
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is to affect all future processes created by the shell.
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Thus, shells provide built-in commands to change the limits
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.Ic ( limit
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for
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.Xr csh 1 ,
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or
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.Ic ulimit
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for
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.Xr sh 1 ) .
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.Pp
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The system refuses to extend the data or stack space when the limits
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would be exceeded in the normal way: a
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.Xr brk 2
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call fails if the data space limit is reached.
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When the stack limit is reached, the process receives
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a segmentation fault
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.Pq Dv SIGSEGV ;
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if this signal is not
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caught by a handler using the signal stack, this signal
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will kill the process.
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.Pp
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A file I/O operation that would create a file larger that the process'
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soft limit will cause the write to fail and a signal
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.Dv SIGXFSZ
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to be
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generated; this normally terminates the process, but may be caught.
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When the soft CPU time limit is exceeded, a signal
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.Dv SIGXCPU
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is sent to the
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offending process.
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.Sh RETURN VALUES
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A 0 return value indicates that the call succeeded, changing
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or returning the resource limit.
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Otherwise, \-1 is returned and the global variable
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.Va errno
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is set to indicate the error.
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.Sh ERRORS
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The
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.Fn getrlimit
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and
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.Fn setrlimit
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will fail if:
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.Bl -tag -width Er
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.It Bq Er EFAULT
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The address specified for
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.Fa rlp
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is invalid.
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.It Bq Er EINVAL
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Specified
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.Fa resource
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was invalid.
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.It Bq Er EINVAL
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In the
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.Fn setrlimit
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call, the specified
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.Fa rlim_cur
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exceeds the specified
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.Fa rlim_max .
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.It Bq Er EPERM
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The limit specified to
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.Fn setrlimit
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would have
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raised the maximum limit value, and the caller is not the super-user.
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.El
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn setrlimit
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function may fail if:
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.Bl -tag -width Er
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.It Bq Er EINVAL
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The limit specified to
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.Fn setrlimit
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cannot be lowered, because current usage is already higher than the limit.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr csh 1 ,
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.Xr sh 1 ,
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.Xr mlock 2 ,
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.Xr quotactl 2 ,
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.Xr setsockopt 2 ,
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.Xr sigaction 2 ,
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.Xr sigaltstack 2 ,
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.Xr sysctl 3
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.\" Sh STANDARDS
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.\" With exception of
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.\" .Li RLIMIT_AS
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.\" (which is not currently supported), the
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.\" .Fn getrlimit
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.\" and
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.\" .Fn setrlimit
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.\" functions conform to
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.\" .St -susv2 .
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Fn getrlimit
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function call appeared in
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.Bx 4.2 .
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