. common/include/arch/i386 is not actually an imported sys/arch/i386/include but leftover Minix files; remove and move to include/ . move include/ufs to sys/ufs, where it came from, now that we have a sys/ hierarchy . move mdocml/ to external/bsd/, now we have that . single sys/arch/i386/stand/ import for boot stuff
569 lines
12 KiB
Groff
569 lines
12 KiB
Groff
.\" $Vendor-Id: mandoc.1,v 1.84 2011/01/04 23:32:21 kristaps Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2009, 2010 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>
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.\"
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.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
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.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
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.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
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.\"
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.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
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.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
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.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
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.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
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.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
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.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
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.\"
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.Dd January 4, 2011
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.Dt MANDOC 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm mandoc
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.Nd format and display UNIX manuals
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
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.Nm mandoc
|
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.Op Fl V
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.Op Fl m Ns Ar format
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.Op Fl O Ns Ar option
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.Op Fl T Ns Ar output
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.Op Fl W Ns Ar level
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.Op Ar file...
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility formats
|
|
.Ux
|
|
manual pages for display.
|
|
The arguments are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
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|
.It Fl m Ns Ar format
|
|
Input format.
|
|
See
|
|
.Sx Input Formats
|
|
for available formats.
|
|
Defaults to
|
|
.Fl m Ns Cm andoc .
|
|
.It Fl O Ns Ar option
|
|
Comma-separated output options.
|
|
.It Fl T Ns Ar output
|
|
Output format.
|
|
See
|
|
.Sx Output Formats
|
|
for available formats.
|
|
Defaults to
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm ascii .
|
|
.It Fl V
|
|
Print version and exit.
|
|
.It Fl W Ns Ar level
|
|
Specify the minimum message
|
|
.Ar level
|
|
to be reported on the standard error output and to affect the exit status.
|
|
The
|
|
.Ar level
|
|
can be
|
|
.Cm warning ,
|
|
.Cm error ,
|
|
or
|
|
.Cm fatal .
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Fl W Ns Cm fatal ;
|
|
.Fl W Ns Cm all
|
|
is an alias for
|
|
.Fl W Ns Cm warning .
|
|
See
|
|
.Sx EXIT STATUS
|
|
and
|
|
.Sx DIAGNOSTICS
|
|
for details.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The special option
|
|
.Fl W Ns Cm stop
|
|
tells
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to exit after parsing a file that causes warnings or errors of at least
|
|
the requested level.
|
|
No formatted output will be produced from that file.
|
|
If both a
|
|
.Ar level
|
|
and
|
|
.Cm stop
|
|
are requested, they can be joined with a comma, for example
|
|
.Fl W Ns Cm error , Ns Cm stop .
|
|
.It Ar file
|
|
Read input from zero or more files.
|
|
If unspecified, reads from stdin.
|
|
If multiple files are specified,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will halt with the first failed parse.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
By default,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
reads
|
|
.Xr mdoc 7
|
|
or
|
|
.Xr man 7
|
|
text from stdin, implying
|
|
.Fl m Ns Cm andoc ,
|
|
and produces
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm ascii
|
|
output.
|
|
.Ss Input Formats
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility accepts
|
|
.Xr mdoc 7
|
|
and
|
|
.Xr man 7
|
|
input with
|
|
.Fl m Ns Cm doc
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl m Ns Cm an ,
|
|
respectively.
|
|
The
|
|
.Xr mdoc 7
|
|
format is
|
|
.Em strongly
|
|
recommended;
|
|
.Xr man 7
|
|
should only be used for legacy manuals.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A third option,
|
|
.Fl m Ns Cm andoc ,
|
|
which is also the default, determines encoding on-the-fly: if the first
|
|
non-comment macro is
|
|
.Sq \&Dd
|
|
or
|
|
.Sq \&Dt ,
|
|
the
|
|
.Xr mdoc 7
|
|
parser is used; otherwise, the
|
|
.Xr man 7
|
|
parser is used.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If multiple
|
|
files are specified with
|
|
.Fl m Ns Cm andoc ,
|
|
each has its file-type determined this way.
|
|
If multiple files are
|
|
specified and
|
|
.Fl m Ns Cm doc
|
|
or
|
|
.Fl m Ns Cm an
|
|
is specified, then this format is used exclusively.
|
|
.Ss Output Formats
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility accepts the following
|
|
.Fl T
|
|
arguments, which correspond to output modes:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Fl T Ns Cm ascii
|
|
Produce 7-bit ASCII output.
|
|
This is the default.
|
|
See
|
|
.Sx ASCII Output .
|
|
.It Fl T Ns Cm html
|
|
Produce strict CSS1/HTML-4.01 output.
|
|
See
|
|
.Sx HTML Output .
|
|
.It Fl T Ns Cm lint
|
|
Parse only: produce no output.
|
|
Implies
|
|
.Fl W Ns Cm warning .
|
|
.It Fl T Ns Cm pdf
|
|
Produce PDF output.
|
|
See
|
|
.Sx PDF Output .
|
|
.It Fl T Ns Cm ps
|
|
Produce PostScript output.
|
|
See
|
|
.Sx PostScript Output .
|
|
.It Fl T Ns Cm tree
|
|
Produce an indented parse tree.
|
|
.It Fl T Ns Cm xhtml
|
|
Produce strict CSS1/XHTML-1.0 output.
|
|
See
|
|
.Sx XHTML Output .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If multiple input files are specified, these will be processed by the
|
|
corresponding filter in-order.
|
|
.Ss ASCII Output
|
|
Output produced by
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm ascii ,
|
|
which is the default, is rendered in standard 7-bit ASCII documented in
|
|
.Xr ascii 7 .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Font styles are applied by using back-spaced encoding such that an
|
|
underlined character
|
|
.Sq c
|
|
is rendered as
|
|
.Sq _ Ns \e[bs] Ns c ,
|
|
where
|
|
.Sq \e[bs]
|
|
is the back-space character number 8.
|
|
Emboldened characters are rendered as
|
|
.Sq c Ns \e[bs] Ns c .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The special characters documented in
|
|
.Xr mandoc_char 7
|
|
are rendered best-effort in an ASCII equivalent.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Output width is limited to 78 visible columns unless literal input lines
|
|
exceed this limit.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following
|
|
.Fl O
|
|
arguments are accepted:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Cm width Ns = Ns Ar width
|
|
The output width is set to
|
|
.Ar width ,
|
|
which will normalise to \(>=60.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Ss HTML Output
|
|
Output produced by
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm html
|
|
conforms to HTML-4.01 strict.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Pa example.style.css
|
|
file documents style-sheet classes available for customising output.
|
|
If a style-sheet is not specified with
|
|
.Fl O Ns Ar style ,
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm html
|
|
defaults to simple output readable in any graphical or text-based web
|
|
browser.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Special characters are rendered in decimal-encoded UTF-8.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following
|
|
.Fl O
|
|
arguments are accepted:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Cm includes Ns = Ns Ar fmt
|
|
The string
|
|
.Ar fmt ,
|
|
for example,
|
|
.Ar ../src/%I.html ,
|
|
is used as a template for linked header files (usually via the
|
|
.Sq \&In
|
|
macro).
|
|
Instances of
|
|
.Sq \&%I
|
|
are replaced with the include filename.
|
|
The default is not to present a
|
|
hyperlink.
|
|
.It Cm man Ns = Ns Ar fmt
|
|
The string
|
|
.Ar fmt ,
|
|
for example,
|
|
.Ar ../html%S/%N.%S.html ,
|
|
is used as a template for linked manuals (usually via the
|
|
.Sq \&Xr
|
|
macro).
|
|
Instances of
|
|
.Sq \&%N
|
|
and
|
|
.Sq %S
|
|
are replaced with the linked manual's name and section, respectively.
|
|
If no section is included, section 1 is assumed.
|
|
The default is not to
|
|
present a hyperlink.
|
|
.It Cm style Ns = Ns Ar style.css
|
|
The file
|
|
.Ar style.css
|
|
is used for an external style-sheet.
|
|
This must be a valid absolute or
|
|
relative URI.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Ss PostScript Output
|
|
PostScript
|
|
.Qq Adobe-3.0
|
|
Level-2 pages may be generated by
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm ps .
|
|
Output pages default to letter sized and are rendered in the Times font
|
|
family, 11-point.
|
|
Margins are calculated as 1/9 the page length and width.
|
|
Line-height is 1.4m.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Special characters are rendered as in
|
|
.Sx ASCII Output .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following
|
|
.Fl O
|
|
arguments are accepted:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Cm paper Ns = Ns Ar name
|
|
The paper size
|
|
.Ar name
|
|
may be one of
|
|
.Ar a3 ,
|
|
.Ar a4 ,
|
|
.Ar a5 ,
|
|
.Ar legal ,
|
|
or
|
|
.Ar letter .
|
|
You may also manually specify dimensions as
|
|
.Ar NNxNN ,
|
|
width by height in millimetres.
|
|
If an unknown value is encountered,
|
|
.Ar letter
|
|
is used.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Ss PDF Output
|
|
PDF-1.1 output may be generated by
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm pdf .
|
|
See
|
|
.Sx PostScript Output
|
|
for
|
|
.Fl O
|
|
arguments and defaults.
|
|
.Ss XHTML Output
|
|
Output produced by
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm xhtml
|
|
conforms to XHTML-1.0 strict.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
See
|
|
.Sx HTML Output
|
|
for details; beyond generating XHTML tags instead of HTML tags, these
|
|
output modes are identical.
|
|
.Sh EXIT STATUS
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility exits with one of the following values, controlled by the message
|
|
.Ar level
|
|
associated with the
|
|
.Fl W
|
|
option:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
|
|
.It 0
|
|
No warnings or errors occurred, or those that did were ignored because
|
|
they were lower than the requested
|
|
.Ar level .
|
|
.It 2
|
|
At least one warning occurred, but no error, and
|
|
.Fl W Ns Cm warning
|
|
was specified.
|
|
.It 3
|
|
At least one parsing error occurred, but no fatal error, and
|
|
.Fl W Ns Cm error
|
|
or
|
|
.Fl W Ns Cm warning
|
|
was specified.
|
|
.It 4
|
|
A fatal parsing error occurred.
|
|
.It 5
|
|
Invalid command line arguments were specified.
|
|
No input files have been read.
|
|
.It 6
|
|
An operating system error occurred, for example memory exhaustion or an
|
|
error accessing input files.
|
|
Such errors cause
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to exit at once, possibly in the middle of parsing or formatting a file.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Note that selecting
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm lint
|
|
output mode implies
|
|
.Fl W Ns Cm warning .
|
|
.Sh EXAMPLES
|
|
To page manuals to the terminal:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl $ mandoc \-Wall,stop mandoc.1 2\*(Gt&1 | less
|
|
.Dl $ mandoc mandoc.1 mdoc.3 mdoc.7 | less
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To produce HTML manuals with
|
|
.Ar style.css
|
|
as the style-sheet:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl $ mandoc \-Thtml -Ostyle=style.css mdoc.7 \*(Gt mdoc.7.html
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To check over a large set of manuals:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl $ mandoc \-Tlint `find /usr/src -name \e*\e.[1-9]`
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To produce a series of PostScript manuals for A4 paper:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl $ mandoc \-Tps \-Opaper=a4 mdoc.7 man.7 \*(Gt manuals.ps
|
|
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
|
|
Standard error messages reporting parsing errors are prefixed by
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Sm off
|
|
.D1 Ar file : line : column : \ level :
|
|
.Sm on
|
|
.Pp
|
|
where the fields have the following meanings:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "column"
|
|
.It Ar file
|
|
The name of the input file causing the message.
|
|
.It Ar line
|
|
The line number in that input file.
|
|
Line numbering starts at 1.
|
|
.It Ar column
|
|
The column number in that input file.
|
|
Column numbering starts at 1.
|
|
If the issue is caused by a word, the column number usually
|
|
points to the first character of the word.
|
|
.It Ar level
|
|
The message level, printed in capital letters.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Message levels have the following meanings:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "warning"
|
|
.It Cm fatal
|
|
The parser is unable to parse a given input file at all.
|
|
No formatted output is produced from that input file.
|
|
.It Cm error
|
|
An input file contains syntax that cannot be safely interpreted,
|
|
either because it is invalid or because
|
|
.Nm
|
|
does not implement it yet.
|
|
By discarding part of the input or inserting missing tokens,
|
|
the parser is able to continue, and the error does not prevent
|
|
generation of formatted output, but typically, preparing that
|
|
output involves information loss, broken document structure
|
|
or unintended formatting.
|
|
.It Cm warning
|
|
An input file uses obsolete, discouraged or non-portable syntax.
|
|
All the same, the meaning of the input is unambiguous and a correct
|
|
rendering can be produced.
|
|
Documents causing warnings may render poorly when using other
|
|
formatting tools instead of
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Messages of the
|
|
.Cm warning
|
|
and
|
|
.Cm error
|
|
levels are hidden unless their level, or a lower level, is requested using a
|
|
.Fl W
|
|
option or
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm lint
|
|
output mode.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility may also print messages related to invalid command line arguments
|
|
or operating system errors, for example when memory is exhausted or
|
|
input files cannot be read.
|
|
Such messages do not carry the prefix described above.
|
|
.Sh COMPATIBILITY
|
|
This section summarises
|
|
.Nm
|
|
compatibility with GNU troff.
|
|
Each input and output format is separately noted.
|
|
.Ss ASCII Compatibility
|
|
.Bl -bullet -compact
|
|
.It
|
|
The
|
|
.Sq \&Bd \-literal
|
|
and
|
|
.Sq \&Bd \-unfilled
|
|
macros of
|
|
.Xr mdoc 7
|
|
in
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm ascii
|
|
are synonyms, as are \-filled and \-ragged.
|
|
.It
|
|
In GNU troff, the
|
|
.Sq \&Pa
|
|
.Xr mdoc 7
|
|
macro does not underline when scoped under an
|
|
.Sq \&It
|
|
in the FILES section.
|
|
This behaves correctly in
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It
|
|
A list or display following the
|
|
.Sq \&Ss
|
|
.Xr mdoc 7
|
|
macro in
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm ascii
|
|
does not assert a prior vertical break, just as it doesn't with
|
|
.Sq \&Sh .
|
|
.It
|
|
The
|
|
.Sq \&na
|
|
.Xr man 7
|
|
macro in
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm ascii
|
|
has no effect.
|
|
.It
|
|
Words aren't hyphenated.
|
|
.It
|
|
Sentences are unilaterally monospaced.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Ss HTML/XHTML Compatibility
|
|
.Bl -bullet -compact
|
|
.It
|
|
The
|
|
.Sq \efP
|
|
escape will revert the font to the previous
|
|
.Sq \ef
|
|
escape, not to the last rendered decoration, which is now dictated by
|
|
CSS instead of hard-coded.
|
|
It also will not span past the current scope,
|
|
for the same reason.
|
|
Note that in
|
|
.Sx ASCII Output
|
|
mode, this will work fine.
|
|
.It
|
|
The
|
|
.Xr mdoc 7
|
|
.Sq \&Bl \-hang
|
|
and
|
|
.Sq \&Bl \-tag
|
|
list types render similarly (no break following overreached left-hand
|
|
side) due to the expressive constraints of HTML.
|
|
.It
|
|
The
|
|
.Xr man 7
|
|
.Sq IP
|
|
and
|
|
.Sq TP
|
|
lists render similarly.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr man 7 ,
|
|
.Xr mandoc_char 7 ,
|
|
.Xr mdoc 7 ,
|
|
.Xr roff 7 ,
|
|
.Xr tbl 7
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility was written by
|
|
.An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq kristaps@bsd.lv .
|
|
.Sh CAVEATS
|
|
In
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm html
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm xhtml ,
|
|
the maximum size of an element attribute is determined by
|
|
.Dv BUFSIZ ,
|
|
which is usually 1024 bytes.
|
|
Be aware of this when setting long link
|
|
formats such as
|
|
.Fl O Ns Cm style Ns = Ns Ar really/long/link .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Nesting elements within next-line element scopes of
|
|
.Fl m Ns Cm an ,
|
|
such as
|
|
.Sq br
|
|
within an empty
|
|
.Sq B ,
|
|
will confuse
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm html
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm xhtml
|
|
and cause them to forget the formatting of the prior next-line scope.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Sq \(aq
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control character is an alias for the standard macro control character
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and does not emit a line-break as stipulated in GNU troff.
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