bd0f8badfa
Replaces commands/fortune. No Minix specific changes needed. Change-Id: Iac79ea82dedd12e80377c85954da5e2d8eee74af
144 lines
4.5 KiB
Plaintext
144 lines
4.5 KiB
Plaintext
List 20 largest files (larger than 5 MB) sorted by megabytes:
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find / -type f -size +10000 -print0 | xargs -0 du -m | sort -nr | head -20
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%
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You can keep specific rc.conf configurations in individual files
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under /etc/rc.conf.d/ where each file is named after the $name of
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the rc.d script. Some configurations may have different names than
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the script; see the $name variable to check.
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%
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You can see the total used buffers in megabytes with:
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vmstat -s | awk '
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/ bytes per page$/ { bpp = $1 }
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/ cached file pages$/ { cfp = $1 }
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/ cached executable pages$/ { cep = $1 }
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END { print((cfp + cep) * bpp / 1024 / 1024); }'
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%
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You can view a value of a variable in pkgsrc by using the show-var
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target, for example:
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make show-var VARNAME=MAINTAINER
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You can view the basic order of your rc.d scripts with:
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rcorder /etc/rc.d/*
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You can ask questions about NetBSD at the netbsd-users@NetBSD.org
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mailing list. Be sure to clearly explain your problem, what you
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tried, what results you had, and what you expected.
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%
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You can view your non-default Postfix settings with:
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postconf -n
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%
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To report about installed packages with known vulnerabilities,
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fetch the latest pkg-vulnerabilities file as the superuser with:
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download-vulnerability-list
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And then run:
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audit-packages
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%
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The following shows an example of temporarily adding 10MB more swap
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space for virtual memory:
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dd if=/dev/zero of=/root/swapfile bs=1024 count=10240
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chmod go= /root/swapfile
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swapctl -a /root/swapfile
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If your console ever gets broken, you can try resetting it to its
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initial state with:
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printf "\033c
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If you installed a package, but don't know what the software is
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called or what executables to run, use pkg_info with the -L switch
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to list the package's files and search for /bin:
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pkg_info -L PACKAGE-NAME | grep /bin
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%
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A new user can be added by using the useradd tool with the -m switch
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to create the home directory. Then set the password. For example:
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useradd -m susan
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passwd susan
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To modify user account information use the chpass or usermod tools.
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If you need to edit the user database directly, use the vipw command.
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%
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You can temporarily start the SSH server by running the following
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as root:
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/etc/rc.d/sshd onestart
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%
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Several IP Filter and ipnat examples are available in the
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/usr/share/examples/ipf/ directory.
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%
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Want to dual boot using a bluetooth mouse or keyboard? Use btkey(1)
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to store the link key in the hardware.
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%
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If you are having trouble connecting to a remote bluetooth device,
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try the btconfig(8) inquiry command. The kernel will retain some
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clock offset information that may help.
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%
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You can download files via HTTP using the ftp(1) command; for example:
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ftp http://www.NetBSD.org/images/NetBSD.png
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%
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The mtree(8) tool can be used to check permissions, ownerships,
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file changes, and more when compared against a specification. For
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example to check directory ownership and permissions for standard
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NetBSD directories, run:
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/usr/sbin/mtree -e -p / -f /etc/mtree/NetBSD.dist
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%
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If you need reminders on your console to leave, use the leave(1)
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tool. For example to receive reminders to leave in one hour:
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leave +0100
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To stop non-superuser logins until next boot, as root:
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touch /etc/nologin
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%
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When extracting distribution tar sets, be sure to use the pax -pe
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option or the tar -p switch to preserve the user and group and file
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modes (including setuid and setgid). This is needed, for example,
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so su(1) will work after extracting the base.tgz set.
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%
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Math can be done within the sh(1) and ksh(1) shells or with expr(1),
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dc(1), bc(1), or awk(1). Here are some simple examples:
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echo $((431 * 79))
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expr 60 \* 60 \* 24 \* 7
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%
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You can view network connections with the fstat, netstat -a, sockstat,
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and "systat netstat" commands.
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%
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Visit the NetBSD Security website to keep track of advisories:
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http://www.NetBSD.org/support/security/
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Or join the security-announce mailing list for alerts:
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http://www.netbsd.org/mailinglists/#security-announce
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%
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Here's an example of finding what package a file belongs to:
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pkg_info -Fe /usr/pkg/bin/inw
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%
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Many log files are checked for rotation every hour by newsyslog(8).
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It is configured in /etc/newsyslog.conf.
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%
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NetBSD's default cron jobs are defined in the /var/cron/tabs/root
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file. As the superuser, use "crontab -l" to view it. To edit it,
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use "crontab -e" (which defaults to using the vi(1) editor).
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%
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You can make sure that your system is stable and behaves correctly by
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running the tests in /usr/tests (which come from the tests.tgz set).
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To do so:
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vi /etc/atf/NetBSD.conf
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cd /usr/tests
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atf-run | atf-report
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