1258 lines
36 KiB
Groff
1258 lines
36 KiB
Groff
.so mnx.mac
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.TH ELVIS 9
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.CD "elvis \(en clone of the Berkeley vi editor"
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.SX "elvis \fR[\fB\(enRerv\fR] [\fB\(ent \fItag\fR] \fR[\fIfile\fR] ..."
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.FL "\(enR" "Set the read-only option"
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.FL "\(ene" "Start up emulating \fIex\fR"
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.FL "\(enr" "Tell the user to use \fIelvrec\fR instead
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.FL "\(ent" "Start editing at the given tag"
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.FL "\(env" "Start up emulating \fIvi\fR"
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.EX "elvis" "Call the editor"
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.EX "elvis prog.c" "edit \fIprog.c\fR"
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.PP
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\fIElvis\fR is a full-screen editor closely modeled on the famous Berkeley
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\fIvi\fR editor.
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It provides essentially the same interface to the user as \fIvi\fR, but the
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code is completely new, written from scratch.
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This document provides a brief introduction to \fIvi\fR.
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It is not intended as a tutorial for beginners.
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Most books on
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.Ux
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cover \fIvi\fR.
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.PP
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Like \fIvi\fR, \fIelvis\fR can operate as a screen editor
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(\fIvi\fR mode) or as a line editor (\fIex\fR) mode.
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It can be called either as \fIelvis\fR \fIvi\fR,or as \fIex\fR,
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depending on which is desired.
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They are all links to the same file.
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.SS "Vi Commands"
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.PP
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Below is a list of the \fIvi\fR commands supported.
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The following symbols are used in the table:
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.HS
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.in +1.25i
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.ta +1.0i
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.ti -1.0i
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count Integer parameter telling how many or how much
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.ti -1.0i
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key One character parameter to the command
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.ti -1.0i
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inp Interactive input expected
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.ti -1.0i
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mv Indicates how much for commands like \fIdelete\fR and \fIchange\fR:
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.in +0.8i
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.ta +0.3i
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.ti -0.3i
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( Previous sentence
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.ti -0.3i
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) Next sentence
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.ti -0.3i
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{ Previous paragraph
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.ti -0.3i
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} Next paragraph (delimited by blank line, \fI.PP, .LP, .IP\fR etc.)
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.ti -0.3i
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[ Previous section (delimited by \fI.SH\fR or \fI.NH\fR)
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.br
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A repeated command character means the scope is this line
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.in -0.8i
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.ta +1.0i
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.ti -1.0i
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MOVE Indicates commands that may also be used where \fImv\fR is specified
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.ti -1.0i
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EDIT These commands affect text and may be repeated by the \fI.\fR command
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.in -1.25i
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.HS
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In addition to the above notation, the caret (^) is used as an abbreviation
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for CTRL.
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For example, ^A means CTRL-A.
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.HS
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.in +2i
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.ta +1i +1i +3.3i
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.ti -2i
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\fBCount~~~~ Command Description Type\fR
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.ti -2i
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^A (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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^B Move toward the top of the file by 1 screenful
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.ti -2i
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^C (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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count ^D Scroll down \fIcount\fR lines (default 1/2 screen)
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.ti -2i
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count ^E Scroll up \fIcount\fR lines
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.ti -2i
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^F Move toward the bottom of the file by 1 screenful
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.ti -2i
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^G Show file status, and the current line
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.ti -2i
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count ^H Move left, like \fIh\fR MOVE
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.ti -2i
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^I (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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count ^J Move down MOVE
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.ti -2i
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^K (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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^l Redraw the screen
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.ti -2i
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count ^M Move to the front of the next line MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count ^N Move down MOVE
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.ti -2i
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^O (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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count ^P Move up MOVE
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.ti -2i
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^Q (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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^R Redraw the screen
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.ti -2i
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^S (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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^T (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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count ^U Scroll up \fIcount\fR lines (default 1/2 screen)
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.ti -2i
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^V (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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^W (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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^X (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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count ^Y Scroll down \fIcount\fR lines
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.ti -2i
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^Z (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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ESC (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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^\e (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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^] If the cursor is on a tag name, go to that tag
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.ti -2i
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^^ Save this file and edit the previous file
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.ti -2i
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^_ (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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count SPACE Move right,like \fIl\fR MOVE
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.ti -2i
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! mv Run the selected lines thru an external filter program
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.ti -2i
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" key Select which cut buffer to use next
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.ti -2i
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# (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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$ Move to the rear of the current line MOVE
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.ti -2i
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% move to the matching (){}[] character MOVE
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.ti -2i
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& (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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' key Move to a marked line MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count ( Move backward \fIcount\fR sentences MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count ) Move forward \fIcount\fR sentences MOVE
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.ti -2i
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* (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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count + Move to the front of the next line MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count , Repeat the previous [\fIfFtT\fR] but the other way MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count \(en Move to the front of the preceding line MOVE
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.ti -2i
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. Repeat the previous \*(OQedit\*(CQ command
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.ti -2i
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/ Text search forward for a given regular expr MOVE
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.ti -2i
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0 If not part of count, move to 1st char of this line MOVE
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.ti -2i
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1 Part of count
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.ti -2i
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2 Part of count
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.ti -2i
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3 Part of count
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.ti -2i
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4 Part of count
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.ti -2i
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5 Part of count
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.ti -2i
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6 Part of count
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.ti -2i
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7 Part of count
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.ti -2i
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8 Part of count
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.ti -2i
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9 Part of count
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.ti -2i
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: Text. Run single \fIex\fR cmd
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.ti -2i
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count ; Repeat the previous [fFtT] cmd MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count < mv Shift text left EDIT
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.ti -2i
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= (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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count > mv Shift text right EDIT
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.ti -2i
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? text Search backward for a given regular expression MOVE
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.ti -2i
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@ (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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count A inp Append at end of the line EDIT
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.ti -2i
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count B Move back Word MOVE
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.ti -2i
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C inp Change text from cursor through end of line EDIT
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.ti -2i
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D Delete text from cursor through end of line EDIT
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.ti -2i
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count E Move end of Word MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count F key Move leftward to a given character MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count G Move to line #\fIcount\fR (default is the bottom line) MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count H Move to home row (the line at the top of the screen)
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.ti -2i
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count I inp Insert at the front of the line (after indents) EDIT
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.ti -2i
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count J Join lines, to form one big line EDIT
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.ti -2i
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K Look up keyword
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.ti -2i
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count L Move to last row (the line at the bottom of the screen)
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.ti -2i
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M Move to middle row (the line in the middle)
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.ti -2i
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N Repeat previous search, but the opposite way MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count O inp Open up a new line above the current line EDIT
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.ti -2i
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P Paste text before the cursor
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.ti -2i
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Q Quit to EX mode
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.ti -2i
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R inp Overtype EDIT
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.ti -2i
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count S inp Change lines, like \fIcount\fRcc
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.ti -2i
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count T key Move leftward \fIalmost\fR to a given character MOVE
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.ti -2i
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U Undo all recent changes to the current line
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.ti -2i
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V (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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count W Move forward \fIcount\fR Words MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count X Delete the character(s) to the left of the cursor EDIT
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.ti -2i
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count Y Yank text line(s) (copy them into a cut buffer)
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.ti -2i
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Z Z Save the file & exit
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.ti -2i
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[ [ Move back 1 section MOVE
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.ti -2i
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\e (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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] ] Move forward 1 section MOVE
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.ti -2i
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^ Move to the front of the current line (after indent) MOVE
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.ti -2i
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\(ul (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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` key Move to a marked character MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count a inp Insert text after the cursor EDIT
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.ti -2i
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count b Move back \fIcount\fR words MOVE
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.ti -2i
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c mv Change text EDIT
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.ti -2i
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d mv Delete text EDIT
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.ti -2i
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count e Move forward to the end of the current word MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count f key Move rightward to a given character MOVE
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.ti -2i
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g (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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count h Move left MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count i inp Insert text at the cursor EDIT
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.ti -2i
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count j Move down MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count k Move up MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count l Move right MOVE
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.ti -2i
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m key Mark a line or character
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.ti -2i
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n Repeat the previous search MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count o inp Open a new line below the current line EDIT
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.ti -2i
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p Paste text after the cursor
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.ti -2i
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q (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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count r key Replace \fIcount\fR chars by a given character EDIT
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.ti -2i
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count s inp Replace \fIcount\fR chars with text from the user EDIT
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.ti -2i
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count t key Move rightward \fIalmost\fR to a given character MOVE
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.ti -2i
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u Undo the previous edit command
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.ti -2i
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v (Not defined)
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.ti -2i
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count w Move forward \fIcount\fR words MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count x Delete the character that the cursor's on EDIT
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.ti -2i
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y mv Yank text (copy it into a cut buffer)
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.ti -2i
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z key Scroll current line to the screen's +=top -=bottom .=middle
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.ti -2i
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count { Move back \fIcount\fR paragraphs MOVE
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.ti -2i
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count | Move to column \fIcount\fR (the leftmost column is 1)
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.ti -2i
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count } Move forward \fIcount\fR paragraphs MOVE
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.ti -2i
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|
.tr ~~
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count \(ap Switch a character between upper & lower case EDIT
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.tr ~
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.ti -2i
|
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DEL (Not defined)
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.in -2i
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.SS "Ex Commands"
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.PP
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Below is a list of the \fIex\fR commands supported. All can be abbreviated.
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.UU "General"
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.LP
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.nf
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.ta 1.2i 2.4i
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[line] append
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args [files]
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cd [directory]
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chdir [directory]
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[line][,line] change
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[line][,line] copy line
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[line][,line] debug[!]
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[line][,line] Delete [\*(CQx]
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edit[!] [file]
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ex[!] [file]
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file
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[line][,line] global /regexp/ command
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[line] Insert
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[line][,line] join
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[line][,line] list
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map[!] key mapped_to
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[line] mark x
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mkexrc
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|
[line][,line] Move line
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next[!] [files]
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Next[!]
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previous[!]
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|
[line][,line] print
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[line] put [\*(CQx]
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quit[!]
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[line] read file
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rewind[!]
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set [options]
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[line][,line] substitute /regexp/replacement/[p][g]
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tag[!] tagname
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[line][,line] to line
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Undo
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unmap[!] key
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validate[!]
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version
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[line][,line] vglobal /regexp/ command
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visual
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wq
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|
[line][,line] write[!] [[>>]file]
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xit[!]
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[line][,line] yank [\*(CQx]
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[line][,line] ! command
|
|
[line][,line] <
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[line][,line] =
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[line][,line] >
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|
.SP 0.25
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|
.UU "Text Entry"
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.SP 0.25
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.LP
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.ta 1.2i 2.4i
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.nf
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[line] append
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[line][,line] change [\*(CQx]
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[line] Insert
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.fi
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The (a)ppend command inserts text after the specified line.
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The (i)nsert command inserts text before the specified line.
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The (c)hange command copies the range of lines into a cut buffer,
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deletes them, and inserts new text where the old text used to be.
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For all of these commands, you indicate the end of the text you're
|
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inserting by hitting ^D or by entering a line which contains only
|
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a period.
|
|
.SP 0.25
|
|
.UU "Cut & Paste"
|
|
.SP 0.25
|
|
.LP
|
|
.ta 1.2i 2.4i
|
|
.nf
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|
[line][,line] Delete [\*(CQx]
|
|
[line][,line] yank [\*(CQx]
|
|
[line] put[!] [\*(CQx]
|
|
[line][,line] copy line
|
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[line][,line] to line
|
|
[line][,line] Move line
|
|
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|
.fi
|
|
The (d)elete command copies the specified range of lines into a
|
|
cut buffer, and then deletes them.
|
|
|
|
The (y)ank command copies the specified range of lines into a cut
|
|
buffer, but does \fInot\fR delete them.
|
|
|
|
The (pu)t command inserts text from a cut buffer after the specified
|
|
line\(emor before it if the ! is present.
|
|
|
|
The (co)py and (t)o commands yank the specified range of lines and then
|
|
immediately paste them after some other line.
|
|
|
|
The (m)ove command deletes the specified range of lines and then
|
|
immediately pastes them after some other line. If the destination
|
|
line comes after the deleted text, then it will be adjusted
|
|
automatically to account for the deleted lines.
|
|
.UU "Displaying Text"
|
|
.LP
|
|
.ta 1.2i 2.4i
|
|
.nf
|
|
[line][,line] print
|
|
[line][,line] list
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
The (p)rint command displays the specified range of lines.
|
|
|
|
The (l)ist command also displays them, but it is careful to make
|
|
control characters visible.
|
|
.UU "Global Operations"
|
|
.LP
|
|
.ta 1.2i 2.4i
|
|
.nf
|
|
[line][,line] global /regexp/ command
|
|
[line][,line] vglobal /regexp/ command
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
The (g)lobal command searches through the lines of the specified range
|
|
(or through the whole file if no range is specified) for lines that
|
|
contain a given regular expression. It then moves the cursor to each
|
|
of these lines and runs some other command on them.
|
|
|
|
The (v)global command is similar, but it searches for lines that
|
|
\fIdo not\fR contain the regular expression.
|
|
.UU "Line Editing"
|
|
.LP
|
|
.ta 1.2i 2.4i
|
|
.nf
|
|
[line][,line] join
|
|
[line][,line] ! program
|
|
[line][,line] <
|
|
[line][,line] >
|
|
[line][,line] substitute /regexp/replacement/[p][g]
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
The (j)oin command concatenates all lines in the specified range together
|
|
to form one big line. If only a single line is specified, then the
|
|
following line is catenated onto it.
|
|
|
|
The ! command runs an external filter program, and feeds the specified
|
|
range of lines to it's stdin. The lines are then replaced by the
|
|
output of the filter. A typical example would be \*(OQ:'a,'z!sort -n\*(CQ to
|
|
sort the lines 'a,'z according to their numeric values.
|
|
|
|
The < and > commands shift the specified range of lines left or right,
|
|
normally by the width of 1 tab character. The \*(OQshiftwidth\*(CQ option
|
|
determines the shifting amount.
|
|
|
|
The (s)ubstitute command finds the regular expression in each line,
|
|
and replaces it with the replacement text. The \*(OQp\*(CQ option causes
|
|
the altered lines to be printed, and the \*(OQg\*(CQ option permits all
|
|
instances of the regular expression to be found & replaced. (Without
|
|
\*(OQg\*(CQ, only the first occurrence is replaced.)
|
|
.SP 0.25
|
|
.UU "Undo"
|
|
.SP 0.25
|
|
.LP
|
|
.ta 1.2i 2.4i
|
|
.nf
|
|
undo
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
The (u)ndo command restores the file to the state it was in before your
|
|
most recent command which changed text.
|
|
.SP 0.25
|
|
.UU "Configuration & Status"
|
|
.SP 0.25
|
|
.LP
|
|
.ta 1.2i 2.4i
|
|
.nf
|
|
map[!] [key mapped_to]
|
|
unmap[!] key
|
|
set [options]
|
|
mkexrc
|
|
[line] mark x
|
|
visual
|
|
version
|
|
[line][,line] =
|
|
file
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
The (ma)p command allows you to configure \fIelvis\fR to recognize your
|
|
function keys, and treat them as though they transmitted some other
|
|
sequence of characters. Normally this mapping is done only when in
|
|
the visual command mode, but with the [!] present it will map keys
|
|
under all contexts. When this command is given with no arguments,
|
|
it prints a table showing all mappings currently in effect. When
|
|
called with two arguments, the first is the sequence that your
|
|
function key really sends, and the second is the sequence that you
|
|
want \fIelvis\fR to treat it as having sent.
|
|
|
|
The (unm)ap command removes key definitions that were made via the
|
|
map command.
|
|
|
|
The (se)t command allows you examine or set various options. With
|
|
no arguments, it displays the values of options that have been
|
|
changed. With the single argument \*(OQall\*(CQ it displays the values of
|
|
all options, regardless of whether they've been explicitly set or
|
|
not. Otherwise, the arguments are treated as options to be set.
|
|
|
|
The (mk)exrc command saves the current configuration to a file
|
|
called \fI.exrc\fR in the current directory.
|
|
|
|
The mar(k) command defines a named mark to refer to a specific place
|
|
in the file. This mark may be used later to specify lines for other
|
|
commands.
|
|
|
|
The (vi)sual command puts the editor into visual mode. Instead of
|
|
emulating ex, \fIelvis\fR will start emulating vi.
|
|
|
|
The (ve)rsion command tells you that what version of \fIelvis\fR this is.
|
|
|
|
The = command tells you what line you specified, or, if you specified
|
|
a range of lines, it will tell you both endpoints and the number of
|
|
lines included in the range.
|
|
|
|
The file command tells you the name of the file, whether it has been
|
|
modified, the number of lines in the file, and the current line number.
|
|
.UU "Multiple Files"
|
|
.LP
|
|
.ta 1.2i 2.4i
|
|
.nf
|
|
args [files]
|
|
next[!] [files]
|
|
Next[!]
|
|
previous[!]
|
|
rewind[!]
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
When you invoke \fIelvis\fR from your shell's command line, any filenames
|
|
that you give to \fIelvis\fR as arguments are stored in the args list. The
|
|
(ar)gs command will display this list, or define a new one.
|
|
|
|
The (n)ext command switches from the current file to the next one in
|
|
the args list. You may specify a new args list here, too.
|
|
|
|
The (N)ext and (pre)vious commands (they're really aliases for the same
|
|
command) switch from the current file to the preceding file in the
|
|
args list.
|
|
|
|
The (rew)ind command switches from the current file to the first file
|
|
in the args list.
|
|
.SP 1
|
|
.UU "Switching Files"
|
|
.SP 1
|
|
.LP
|
|
.ta 1.2i 2.4i
|
|
.nf
|
|
edit[!] [file]
|
|
tag[!] tagname
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
The (e)dit command allows to switch from the current file to some other
|
|
file. This has nothing to do with the args list, by the way.
|
|
|
|
The (ta)g command looks up a given tagname in a file called \*(OQtags".
|
|
This tells it which file the tag is in, and how to find it in that file.
|
|
\fIElvis\fR then switches to the tag's file and finds the tag.
|
|
.SP 1
|
|
.UU "Exiting"
|
|
.SP 1
|
|
.LP
|
|
.ta 1.2i 2.4i
|
|
.nf
|
|
quit[!]
|
|
wq
|
|
xit
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
The (q)uit command exits from the editor without saving your file.
|
|
|
|
The (wq) and (x)it commands (really two names for the same command)
|
|
both write the file before exiting.
|
|
.UU "File I/O"
|
|
.LP
|
|
.ta 1.2i 2.4i
|
|
.nf
|
|
[line] read file
|
|
[line][,line] write[!][[>>]file]
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
The (r)ead command gets text from another file and inserts it after
|
|
the specified line.
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
The (w)rite command writes the whole file, or just part of it, to
|
|
some other file. The !, if present, will permit the lines to be
|
|
written even if you've set the readonly option. If you precede the
|
|
filename by >> then the lies will be appended to the file.
|
|
.UU "Directory"
|
|
.LP
|
|
.ta 1.2i 2.4i
|
|
.nf
|
|
cd [directory]
|
|
chdir [directory]
|
|
shell
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
The (cd) and (chd)ir commands (really two names for one command)
|
|
switch the current working directory.
|
|
|
|
The (sh)ell command starts an interactive shell.
|
|
.SP 0.5
|
|
.UU "Debugging"
|
|
.SP 0.5
|
|
.LP
|
|
.ta 1.2i 2.4i
|
|
.nf
|
|
[line][,line] debug[!]
|
|
validate[!]
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
These commands are only available if you compile \fIelvis\fR with the
|
|
\fB-DDEBUG\fR flag.
|
|
|
|
The de(b)ug command lists stats for the blocks which contain the
|
|
specified range of lines. If the ! is present, then the contents
|
|
of those blocks is displayed, too.
|
|
|
|
The (va)lidate command checks certain variables for internal
|
|
consistency. Normally it does not output anything unless it detects
|
|
a problem. With the !, though, it will always produce *some*
|
|
output.
|
|
.SP 0.5
|
|
.SS "Extensions"
|
|
.SP 0.5
|
|
.PP.
|
|
.ta 1i
|
|
.in +0.25i
|
|
In addition to the standard commands, a variety of extra features are
|
|
present in \fIelvis\fR that are not present in \fIvi\fR.
|
|
They are described below.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B .exrc
|
|
.br
|
|
\fIElvis\fR first runs a \fI.exrc\fR file (if there is one) from your $HOME
|
|
directory. After that, it runs a \fI.exrc\fR (if there is one) from the
|
|
current directory. The one in the current directory may override
|
|
settings made by the one in the $HOME directory.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B :mkexrc
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B :mk
|
|
.br
|
|
This EX command saves the current :set and :map configurations in
|
|
the \*(OQ.exrc\*(CQ file in your current directory.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B :args
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B :ar
|
|
.br
|
|
You can use the :args command to define a new args list, as in:
|
|
|
|
:args *.h
|
|
|
|
After you have defined a new args list, the next time you issue a
|
|
:next command \fIelvis\fR will switch to the first file of the new list.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B :Next
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B :previous
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B :N
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B :pre
|
|
.br
|
|
These commands move backwards through the args list.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B zz
|
|
.br
|
|
In VI, the (lowercase) \*(OQzz\*(CQ command will center the current line on
|
|
the screen, like \*(OQz="
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B .
|
|
.br
|
|
The default count value for . is the same as the previous command
|
|
which . is meant to repeat. However, you can supply a new count
|
|
if you wish.
|
|
For example, after \*(OQ3dw\*(CQ, \*(OQ.\*(CQ will delete 3 words,
|
|
but \*(OQ5.\*(CQ will delete 5 words.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
\fB"\fR
|
|
.br
|
|
The text which was most recently input (via a \*(OQcw\*(CQ command, or
|
|
something similar) is saved in a cut buffer called ". (which is a
|
|
pretty hard name to write in an English sentence). You can use this
|
|
with the \*(OQp\*(CQ or \*(OQP\*(CQ commands thusly:
|
|
.HS
|
|
".p
|
|
.HS
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B K
|
|
.br
|
|
You can move the cursor onto a word and press shift-K to have \fIelvis\fR
|
|
run a reference program to look that word up. This command alone is
|
|
worth the price of admission! See the ctags and ref programs.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B input
|
|
.br
|
|
You can backspace back past the beginning of the line.
|
|
If you type CTRL-A, then the text that you input last time is
|
|
inserted. You will remain in input mode, so you can backspace over
|
|
part of it, or add more to it. (This is sort of like CTRL-@ on
|
|
the real vi, except that CTRL-A really works.)
|
|
|
|
Real \fIvi\fR can only remember up to 128 characters of input, but \fIelvis\fR
|
|
can remember any amount.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B :set
|
|
charattr
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B :se
|
|
ca
|
|
.br
|
|
\fIElvis\fR can display \*(OQbackslash-f\*(CQ style character attributes on the
|
|
screen as you edit. The following example shows the recognized
|
|
attributes:
|
|
|
|
normal \fBboldface\fR \fIitalics\fR
|
|
|
|
NOTE: you must compile \fIelvis\fR without the \(enDSET_NOCHARATTR flag for
|
|
this to work.
|
|
.in -0.25i
|
|
.SS "Omissions"
|
|
.PP
|
|
A few \fIvi\fR features are missing.
|
|
The replace mode is a hack. It does not save the text that it overwrites.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Long lines are displayed differently\(emwhere the real vi would wrap a long
|
|
line onto several rows of the screen, \fIelvis\fR simply displays part of the line,
|
|
and allows you to scroll the screen sideways to see the rest of it.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The \*(OQ:preserve\*(CQ and \*(OQ:recover\*(CQ commands are missing, as
|
|
is the \fB\(enr\fR flag.
|
|
\*(OQ:Preserve" is practically never used and since use of \*(OQ:recover\\*(CQ
|
|
is so rare, it was decided to implement it as a separate program. There's no
|
|
need to load the recovery code into memory every time you edit a file.
|
|
.PP
|
|
LISP support is missing.
|
|
The \*(OQ@\*(CQ and \*(OQ:@\*(CQ commands are missing.
|
|
You cannot APPEND to a cut buffer.
|
|
.SS "Options"
|
|
.PP
|
|
A variety of options can be set as described below:
|
|
.HS
|
|
.nf
|
|
.in +0.25i
|
|
.ta 0.9i 1.35i 2.1i 3.0i
|
|
\fBName Abbr Type Default Description\fR
|
|
autoindent as Bool FALSE autoindent during input?
|
|
autowrite aw Bool FALSE write file for :n command?
|
|
charattr ca Bool FALSE display bold & underline chars?
|
|
columns co Number 80 width of screen, in characters
|
|
directory dir String /usr/tmp where tmp files are kept
|
|
errorbells eb Bool TRUE ring bell on error?
|
|
exrefresh er Bool TRUE EX mode calls write() often?
|
|
ignorecase ic Bool FALSE searches: upper/lowercase OK?
|
|
keytime kt Number 1 allow slow receipt of ESC seq?
|
|
keywordprg kp String /usr/bin/ref program to run for shift-K
|
|
lines ln Number 25 height of screen, in lines
|
|
list li Bool FALSE show tabs as \*(OQ^I\*(CQ?
|
|
magic ma Bool TRUE searches: allow metacharacters?
|
|
paragraphs pa String PPppPApa paragraphs start with .PP, etc.
|
|
readonly ro Bool FALSE no file should be written back?
|
|
report re Number 5 report changes to X lines?
|
|
scroll sc Number 12 default #lines for ^U and ^D
|
|
sections se String SEseSHsh sections start with .SE, etc.
|
|
shell sh String \fI/bin/sh\fR shell program, from environment
|
|
shiftwidth sw Number 8 width of < or > commands
|
|
sidescroll ss Number 8 #chars to scroll sideways by
|
|
sync sy Bool FALSE call sync() after each change?
|
|
tabstop ts Number 8 width of a tab character
|
|
term te String "?" terminal type, from environment
|
|
vbell vb Bool TRUE use visible bell if possible?
|
|
warn wa Bool TRUE warn if file not saved for :!cmd
|
|
wrapmargin wm Number 0 Insert newline after which col?
|
|
wrapscan ws Bool TRUE searches: wrap at EOF?
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B autoindent
|
|
.br
|
|
During input mode, the autoindent option will cause each added line
|
|
to begin with the same amount of leading whitespace as the line above
|
|
it. Without autoindent, added lines are initially empty.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B autowrite
|
|
.br
|
|
When you're editing one file and decide to switch to another\(emvia
|
|
the :tag command, or :next command, perhaps\(emif your current
|
|
file has been modified, then \fIelvis\fR will normally print an error
|
|
message and refuse to switch.
|
|
|
|
However, if the autowrite option is on, then \fIelvis\fR will write the
|
|
modified version of the current file and successfully switch to the
|
|
new file.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B charattr
|
|
.br
|
|
Many text formatting programs allow you to designate portions of
|
|
your text to be underlined, italicized, or boldface by embedding
|
|
the special strings \\fU, \\fI, and \\fB in your text. The special
|
|
string \\fR marks the end of underlined or boldface text.
|
|
|
|
\fIElvis\fR normally treats those special strings just like any other
|
|
text.
|
|
However, if the \fIcharattr\fR option is on, then \fIelvis\fR will interpret
|
|
those special strings correctly, to display underlined or boldface
|
|
text on the screen. (This only works, of course, if your terminal
|
|
can display underlined and boldface, and if the TERMCAP entry says
|
|
how to do it.)
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B columns
|
|
.br
|
|
This is a \*(OQread only\*(CQ option. You cannot change its value, but you
|
|
can have \fIelvis\fR print it. It shows how wide your screen is.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B directory
|
|
.br
|
|
Elvis uses temporary files to store changed text.
|
|
This option allows you to control where those temporary files will be.
|
|
Ideally, you should store them on in fast non-volatile memory,
|
|
such as a hard disk.
|
|
|
|
This option can only be set in the ".exrc" file.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B errorbells
|
|
.br
|
|
Normally, \fIelvis\fR will ring your terminal's bell if you make an error.
|
|
However, in noerrorbells mode, your terminal will remain silent.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B exrefresh
|
|
.br
|
|
The EX mode of \fIelvis\fR writes many lines to the screen. You can make
|
|
\fIelvis\fR either write each line to the screen separately, or save up
|
|
many lines and write them all at once.
|
|
|
|
The exrefresh option is normally on, so each line is written to the
|
|
screen separately.
|
|
|
|
You may wish to turn the exrefresh option off (:se noer) if the
|
|
\*(OQwrite\*(CQ system call is costly on your machine, or if you're using a
|
|
windowing environment. (Windowing environments scroll text a lot
|
|
faster when you write many lines at once.)
|
|
|
|
This option has no effect in \fIvi\fR mode.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B ignorecase
|
|
.br
|
|
Normally, when \fIelvis\fR searches for text, it treats uppercase letters
|
|
as being different for lowercase letters.
|
|
|
|
When the ignorecase option is on, uppercase and lowercase are treated
|
|
as equal.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B keytime
|
|
.br
|
|
The arrow keys of most terminals send a multi-character sequence.
|
|
It takes a measurable amount of time for these sequences to be
|
|
transmitted. The keytime option allows you to control the maximum
|
|
amount of time to allow for an arrow key (or other mapped key) to
|
|
be received in full.
|
|
|
|
The default keytime value is 2. Because of the way
|
|
.Ux
|
|
timekeeping works, the actual amount of time allowed will vary slightly, but it
|
|
will always be between 1 and 2 seconds.
|
|
|
|
If you set keytime to 1, then the actual amount of time allowed will
|
|
be between 0 and 1 second. This will generally make the keyboard's
|
|
response be a little faster (mostly for the ESC key), but on those
|
|
occasions where the time allowed happens to be closer to 0 than 1
|
|
second, \fIelvis\fR may fail to allow enough time for an arrow key's
|
|
sequence to be received fully. Ugh.
|
|
|
|
As a special case, you can set keytime to 0 to disable this time
|
|
limit stuff altogether. The big problem here is: If your arrow
|
|
keys' sequences start with an ESC, then every time you hit your ESC
|
|
key \fIelvis\fR will wait... and wait... to see if maybe that ESC was
|
|
part of an arrow key's sequence.
|
|
|
|
NOTE: this option is a generalization of the timeout option of the
|
|
real vi.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B keywordprg
|
|
.br
|
|
\fIElvis\fR has a special keyword lookup feature. You move the cursor
|
|
onto a word, and hit shift-K, and \fIelvis\fR uses another program to
|
|
look up the word and display information about it.
|
|
|
|
This option says which program gets run. It should contain the full
|
|
pathname of the program; your whole execution path is \fInot\fR checked.
|
|
|
|
The default value of this option is \fI/usr/bin/ref\fR, which is a
|
|
program that looks up the definition of a function in C. It looks
|
|
up the function name in a file called \*(OQrefs\*(CQ which is created by
|
|
ctags.
|
|
|
|
You can substitute other programs, such as an English dictionary
|
|
program or the online manual. \fIelvis\fR runs the program, using the
|
|
keyword as its only argument. The program should write information
|
|
to stdout. The program's exit status should be 0, unless you want
|
|
\fIelvis\fR to print \*(OQ<<< failed >>>".
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B lines
|
|
.br
|
|
This \*(OQread only\*(CQ option shows how many lines you screen has.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B list
|
|
.br
|
|
Normally (in \*(OQnolist" mode) \fIelvis\fR will expand tabs to the proper
|
|
number of spaces on the screen, so that the file appears the same would it would
|
|
be if you printed it or looked at it with \fImore\fR.
|
|
|
|
Sometimes, though, it can be handy to have the tabs displayed as \*(OQ^I".
|
|
In \*(OQlist" mode, \fIelvis\fR does this, and also displays a \*(OQ$"
|
|
after the end of the line.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B magic
|
|
.br
|
|
The search mechanism in \fIelvis\fR can accept \*(OQregular
|
|
expressions\*(CQ\(emstrings in which certain characters have special meaning.
|
|
The magic option is normally on, which causes these characters to
|
|
be treated specially.
|
|
If you turn the magic option off (:se noma), then all characters
|
|
except ^ and $ are treated literally. ^ and $ retain their special
|
|
meanings regardless of the setting of magic.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B paragraphs
|
|
.br
|
|
The { and } commands move the cursor forward or backward in increments
|
|
of one paragraph. Paragraphs may be separated by blank lines, or by
|
|
a \*(OQdot\*(CQ command of a text formatter. Different text formatters use
|
|
different \*(OQdot\*(CQ commands. This option allows you to configure \fIelvis\fR
|
|
to work with your text formatter.
|
|
|
|
It is assumed that your formatter uses commands that start with a
|
|
".\*(CQ character at the front of a line, and then have a one- or
|
|
two-character command name.
|
|
|
|
The value of the paragraphs option is a string in which each pair
|
|
of characters is one possible form of your text formatter's paragraph
|
|
command.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B readonly
|
|
.br
|
|
Normally, \fIelvis\fR will let you write back any file to which you have
|
|
write permission. If you do not have write permission, then you
|
|
can only write the changed version of the file to a \fIdifferent\fR
|
|
file.
|
|
|
|
If you set the readonly option, then \fIelvis\fR will pretend you do not
|
|
have write permission to \fIany\fR file you edit. It is useful when
|
|
you really only mean to use \fIelvis\fR to look at a file, not to change
|
|
it. This way you cannot change it accidentally.
|
|
|
|
This option is normally off, unless you use the \*(OQview\*(CQ alias of \fIelvis\fR.
|
|
\*(OQView\*(CQ is like \fIvi\fR except that the readonly option is on.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B report
|
|
.br
|
|
Commands in \fIelvis\fR may affect many lines. For commands that affect
|
|
a lot of lines, \fIelvis\fR will output a message saying what was done and
|
|
how many lines were affected. This option allows you to define
|
|
what \*(OQa lot of lines\*(CQ means. The default is 5, so any command which
|
|
affects 5 or more lines will cause a message to be shown.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B scroll
|
|
.br
|
|
The CTRL-U and CTRL-D keys normally scroll backward or forward
|
|
by half a screenful, but this is adjustable. The value of this option
|
|
says how many lines those keys should scroll by.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B sections
|
|
.br
|
|
The [[ and ]] commands move the cursor backward or forward in
|
|
increment of 1 section. Sections may be delimited by a { character
|
|
in column 1 (which is useful for C source code) or by means of
|
|
a text formatter's \*(OQdot\*(CQ commands.
|
|
|
|
This option allows you to configure \fIelvis\fR to work with your text
|
|
formatter's \*(OQsection\*(CQ command, in exactly the same way that the
|
|
paragraphs option makes it work with the formatter's \*(OQparagraphs"
|
|
command.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B shell
|
|
.br
|
|
When \fIelvis\fR forks a shell (perhaps for the :! or :shell commands)
|
|
this is the program that is uses as a shell. This is \fI/bin/sh\fR
|
|
by default, unless you have set the SHELL environment variable,
|
|
it which case the default value is copied from the environment.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B shiftwidth
|
|
.br
|
|
The < and > commands shift text left or right by some uniform number
|
|
of columns. The shiftwidth option defines that uniform number.
|
|
The default is 8.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B sidescroll
|
|
.br
|
|
For long lines, \fIelvis\fR scrolls sideways. (This is different from
|
|
the real \fIvi\fR, which wraps a single long line onto several rows of
|
|
the screen.)
|
|
To minimize the number of scrolls needed, \fIelvis\fR moves the screen
|
|
sideways by several characters at a time. The value of this option
|
|
says how many characters' widths to scroll at a time.
|
|
Generally, the faster your screen can be redrawn, the lower the value
|
|
you will want in this option.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B sync
|
|
.br
|
|
If the system crashes during an edit session, then most of your work
|
|
can be recovered from the temporary file that \fIelvis\fR uses to store
|
|
changes. However, sometimes
|
|
.MX
|
|
will not copy changes to the
|
|
hard disk immediately, so recovery might not be possible. The [no]sync
|
|
option lets you control this.
|
|
In nosync mode (which is the default), \fIelvis\fR lets the operating system
|
|
control when data is written to the disk. This is generally faster.
|
|
In sync mode, \fIelvis\fR forces all changes out to disk every time you make
|
|
a change. This is generally safer, but slower.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B tabstop
|
|
.br
|
|
Tab characters are normally 8 characters wide, but you can change
|
|
their widths by means of this option.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B term
|
|
.br
|
|
This \*(OQread only\*(CQ option shows the name of the termcap entry that
|
|
\fIelvis\fR is using for your terminal.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B vbell
|
|
.br
|
|
If your termcap entry describes a visible alternative to ringing
|
|
your terminal's bell, then this option will say whether the visible
|
|
version gets used or not. Normally it will be.
|
|
|
|
If your termcap does NOT include a visible bell capability, then
|
|
the vbell option will be off, and you cannot turn it on.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B warn
|
|
.br
|
|
\fIElvis\fR will normally warn you if you run a shell command without saving
|
|
your changed version of a file.
|
|
The \*(OQnowarn" option prevents this warning.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B wrapmargin
|
|
.br
|
|
Normally (with wrapmargin=0) \fIelvis\fR will let you type in extremely long
|
|
lines, if you wish.
|
|
However, with wrapmargin set to something other that 0 (wrapmargin=65
|
|
is nice), \fIelvis\fR will automatically cause long lines to be \*(OQwrapped"
|
|
on a word break for lines longer than wrapmargin's setting.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B wrapscan
|
|
.br
|
|
Normally, when you search for something, \fIelvis\fR will find it no matter
|
|
where it is in the file. \fIelvis\fR starts at the cursor position, and
|
|
searches forward. If \fIelvis\fR hits EOF without finding what you're
|
|
looking for, then it wraps around to continue searching from line 1.
|
|
|
|
If you turn off the wrapscan option (:se nows), then when \fIelvis\fR hits
|
|
EOF during a search, it will stop and say so.
|
|
.in -0.25i
|
|
.SS "Cflags"
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fIElvis\fR uses many preprocessor symbols to control compilation.
|
|
Most of these flags allow you to disable small sets of features.
|
|
\s-2MINIX\s0-ST users will probably want all features enabled, but
|
|
\s-2MINIX\s0-PC users will have to disable one or two feature sets
|
|
because otherwise \fIelvis\fR would be too large to compile and run.
|
|
|
|
These symbols can be defined via flags passed to the compiler.
|
|
The best way to do this is to edit the Makefile, and append the flag
|
|
to the \*(OQCFLAGS=\*(CQ line.
|
|
After you do that, you must recompile elvis completely by saying
|
|
.HS
|
|
.Cx "make clean"
|
|
.br
|
|
.Cx "make"
|
|
.HS
|
|
.in +0.25i
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B \(enDM_SYSV
|
|
.br
|
|
This flag causes \fIelvis\fR to use System-V ioctl() calls for controlling
|
|
your terminal; normally it uses v7/BSD/\s-2MINIX\s0 ioctl() calls.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B \(enDDATE
|
|
.br
|
|
The symbol DATE should be defined to look like a string constant,
|
|
giving the date when \fIelvis\fR was compiled.
|
|
This date is reported by the \*(OQ:version\*(CQ command.
|
|
|
|
You can also leave DATE undefined, in which case \*(OQ:version\*(CQ will not
|
|
report the compilation date.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B \(enDCRUNCH
|
|
.br
|
|
This flag causes several large often-used macros to be replaced by
|
|
equivalent functions.
|
|
This saves about 4K of space in the \*(OQ.text\*(CQ segment, and it does not
|
|
cost you any features.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B \(enDDEBUG
|
|
.br
|
|
This adds many internal consistency checks and the \*(OQ:debug\*(CQ
|
|
and \*(OQ:validate\*(CQ
|
|
commands. It increases the size of \*(OQtext\*(CQ by about 5K bytes.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B \(enDNO_CHARATTR
|
|
.br
|
|
This permanenently disables the \*(OQcharattr\*(CQ option.
|
|
It reduces the size of \*(OQ.text\*(CQ by about 850 bytes.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B \(enDNO_RECYCLE
|
|
.br
|
|
Normally, \fIelvis\fR will recycle space in the temporary file which contains
|
|
totally obsolete text.
|
|
The \fB\(enDNO_RECYCLE\fR option disables this, making your \*(OQ.text\*(CQ segment
|
|
smaller by about 1K but also permitting the temporary file to grow very
|
|
quickly.
|
|
If you have less than two megabytes of free space on your disk,
|
|
then do not even consider using this flag.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B \(enDNO_SENTENCE
|
|
.br
|
|
This leaves out the \*(OQ(\*(CQ and \*(OQ)\*(CQ visual commands, and
|
|
removes the code that allows the \*(OQ[[\*(CQ, \*(OQ]]\*(CQ, \*(OQ{\*(CQ,
|
|
and \*(OQ}\*(CQ commands to recognize \fRnroff\fR macros.
|
|
The \*(OQ[[\*(CQ and \*(OQ]]\*(CQ commands will still move to the start of
|
|
the previous/next C function source code, though, and \*(OQ{\*(CQ
|
|
and \*(OQ}\*(CQ will move to the previous/next blank line.
|
|
This saves about 650 bytes from the \*(OQ.text\*(CQ segment.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B \(enDNO_CHARSEARCH
|
|
.br
|
|
This leaves out the visual commands which locate a given character in the
|
|
current line: \*(OQf\*(CQ, \*(OQt\*(CQ, \*(OQF\*(CQ, \*(OQT\*(CQ, \*(OQ;\*(CQ, and \*(OQ,\*(CQ.
|
|
This saves about 900 bytes.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B \(enDNO_EXTENSIONS
|
|
.br
|
|
This leaves out the \*(OQ:mkexrc\*(CQ command, and the \*(OQK\*(CQ and \*(OQ#\*(CQ visual commands.
|
|
Other extensions are either inherent in the design of \fIelvis\fR,
|
|
or are too tiny to be worth removing.
|
|
This saves about 500 bytes.
|
|
|
|
.ti -0.25i
|
|
.B \(enDNO_MAGIC
|
|
.br
|
|
This permanently disables the \*(OQmagic\*(CQ option, so that most
|
|
meta-characters in a regular expression are not recognized.
|
|
This saves about 3K bytes from the \*(OQ.text\*(CQ segment.
|
|
.HS
|
|
.in -0.25i
|
|
.SS "Termcap"
|
|
\fIElvis\fR can use standard termcap entries,
|
|
but it also recognizes and uses several extra capabilities, if you give them.
|
|
All of these are optional.
|
|
.nf
|
|
.in +0.25i
|
|
.ta 1.5i
|
|
.HS
|
|
\fBCapability Description\fR
|
|
:PU=: sequence received from the <PgUp> key
|
|
:PD=: sequence received from the <PgDn> key
|
|
:HM=: sequence received from the <Home> key
|
|
:EN=: sequence received from the <End> key
|
|
:VB=: sequence sent to start bold printing
|
|
:Vb=: sequence sent to end bold printing
|
|
.in -0.25i
|
|
.SS "Author"
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fIElvis\fR was written by Steve Kirkendall.
|
|
He can be reached by email at: kirkenda@cs.pdx.edu
|
|
for comments regarding \fIelvis\fR.
|