minix/kernel/arch/i386/arch_system.c

/* system dependent functions for use inside the whole kernel. */

#include "kernel/kernel.h"

#include <unistd.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <machine/cmos.h>
#include <machine/bios.h>
#include <minix/portio.h>
#include <minix/cpufeature.h>
#include <a.out.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <machine/vm.h>

#include <sys/sigcontext.h>

#include "archconst.h"
#include "proto.h"
#include "serial.h"
#include "oxpcie.h"
#include "kernel/proc.h"
#include "kernel/debug.h"
#include "multiboot.h"

#ifdef CONFIG_APIC
#include "apic.h"
#endif

PRIVATE int osfxsr_feature; /* FXSAVE/FXRSTOR instructions support (SSEx) */

extern __dead void poweroff_jmp();
extern void poweroff16();
extern void poweroff16_end();

/* set MP and NE flags to handle FPU exceptions in native mode. */
#define CR0_MP_NE	0x0022
/* set CR4.OSFXSR[bit 9] if FXSR is supported. */
#define CR4_OSFXSR	(1L<<9)
/* set OSXMMEXCPT[bit 10] if we provide #XM handler. */
#define CR4_OSXMMEXCPT	(1L<<10)

FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void ser_debug, (int c));

PUBLIC __dead void arch_monitor(void)
{
	monitor();
}

PRIVATE __dead void arch_bios_poweroff(void)
{
	u32_t cr0;
	
	/* Disable paging */
	cr0 = read_cr0();
	cr0 &= ~I386_CR0_PG;
	write_cr0(cr0);
	/* Copy 16-bit poweroff code to below 1M */
	phys_copy(
		FUNC2PHY(&poweroff16),
		BIOS_POWEROFF_ENTRY,
		(u32_t)&poweroff16_end-(u32_t)&poweroff16);
	poweroff_jmp();
}

PUBLIC int cpu_has_tsc;

PUBLIC __dead void arch_shutdown(const int how)
{
	static char mybuffer[sizeof(params_buffer)];
	vm_stop();

	/* Mask all interrupts, including the clock. */
	outb( INT_CTLMASK, ~0);

	if(minix_panicing) {
		/* We're panicing? Then retrieve and decode currently
		 * loaded segment selectors.
		 */
		printseg("cs: ", 1, proc_ptr, read_cs());
		printseg("ds: ", 0, proc_ptr, read_ds());
		if(read_ds() != read_ss()) {
			printseg("ss: ", 0, NULL, read_ss());
		}
	}

	if(how != RBT_RESET) {
		/* return to boot monitor */

		outb( INT_CTLMASK, 0);            
		outb( INT2_CTLMASK, 0);
        
		/* Return to the boot monitor. Set
		 * the program if not already done.
		 */
		if (how != RBT_MONITOR)
			arch_set_params("", 1);
		if(minix_panicing) {
			int source, dest;
			const char *lead = "echo \\n*** kernel messages:\\n";
			const int leadlen = strlen(lead);
			strcpy(mybuffer, lead);

#define DECSOURCE source = (source - 1 + _KMESS_BUF_SIZE) % _KMESS_BUF_SIZE

			dest = sizeof(mybuffer)-1;
			mybuffer[dest--] = '\0';

			source = kmess.km_next;
			DECSOURCE; 

			while(dest >= leadlen) {
				const char c = kmess.km_buf[source];
				if(c == '\n') {
					mybuffer[dest--] = 'n';
					mybuffer[dest] = '\\';
				} else if(isprint(c) &&
					c != '\'' && c != '"' &&
					c != '\\' && c != ';') {
					mybuffer[dest] = c;
				} else	mybuffer[dest] = ' ';

				DECSOURCE;
				dest--;
			}

			arch_set_params(mybuffer, strlen(mybuffer)+1);
		}
		if (mon_return)
			arch_monitor();
		else {
			mybuffer[0] = '\0';
			arch_get_params(mybuffer,sizeof(mybuffer));
			if (strstr(mybuffer, "boot") ||
				strstr(mybuffer, "menu") ||	
				strstr(mybuffer, "reset"))
				reset();
			else 
				arch_bios_poweroff();
		}
	} else {
		/* Reset the system by forcing a processor shutdown. First stop
		 * the BIOS memory test by setting a soft reset flag.
		 */
		u16_t magic = STOP_MEM_CHECK;
		phys_copy(vir2phys(&magic), SOFT_RESET_FLAG_ADDR,
       	 	SOFT_RESET_FLAG_SIZE);
		reset();
	}

	NOT_REACHABLE;
}

/* address of a.out headers, set in mpx386.s */
phys_bytes aout;

PUBLIC void arch_get_aout_headers(const int i, struct exec *h)
{
	/* The bootstrap loader created an array of the a.out headers at
	 * absolute address 'aout'. Get one element to h.
	 */
	phys_copy(aout + i * A_MINHDR, vir2phys(h), (phys_bytes) A_MINHDR);
}

PRIVATE void tss_init(struct tss_s * tss, void * kernel_stack,
 const unsigned cpu)
{
	/*
	 * make space for process pointer and cpu id and point to the first
	 * usable word
	 */
	tss->sp0 = ((unsigned) kernel_stack) - 2 * sizeof(void *);
	tss->ss0 = DS_SELECTOR;

	/*
	 * set the cpu id at the top of the stack so we know on which cpu is
	 * this stak in use when we trap to kernel
	 */
	*((reg_t *)(tss->sp0 + 1 * sizeof(reg_t))) = cpu;
}

PRIVATE void fpu_init(void)
{
	unsigned short cw, sw;

	fninit();
	sw = fnstsw();
	fnstcw(&cw);

	if((sw & 0xff) == 0 &&
	   (cw & 0x103f) == 0x3f) {
		/* We have some sort of FPU, but don't check exact model.
		 * Set CR0_NE and CR0_MP to handle fpu exceptions
		 * in native mode. */
		write_cr0(read_cr0() | CR0_MP_NE);
		fpu_presence = 1;
		if(_cpufeature(_CPUF_I386_FXSR)) {
			register struct proc *rp;
			phys_bytes aligned_fp_area;
			u32_t cr4 = read_cr4() | CR4_OSFXSR; /* Enable FXSR. */

			/* OSXMMEXCPT if supported
			 * FXSR feature can be available without SSE
			 */
			if(_cpufeature(_CPUF_I386_SSE))
				cr4 |= CR4_OSXMMEXCPT; 

			write_cr4(cr4);
			osfxsr_feature = 1;

			for (rp = BEG_PROC_ADDR; rp < END_PROC_ADDR; ++rp) {
				/* FXSR requires 16-byte alignment of memory
				 * image, but unfortunately some old tools
				 * (probably linker) ignores ".balign 16"
				 * applied to our memory image.
				 * Thus we have to do manual alignment.
				 */
				aligned_fp_area =
					(phys_bytes) &rp->p_fpu_state.fpu_image;
				if(aligned_fp_area % FPUALIGN) {
				    aligned_fp_area += FPUALIGN -
						   (aligned_fp_area % FPUALIGN);
				}
				rp->p_fpu_state.fpu_save_area_p =
						    (void *) aligned_fp_area;
			}
		} else {
			osfxsr_feature = 0;
		}
	} else {
		/* No FPU presents. */
                fpu_presence = 0;
                osfxsr_feature = 0;
                return;
        }
}

PUBLIC void save_fpu(struct proc *pr)
{
	if(!fpu_presence)
		return;

	/* Save changed FPU context. */
	if(osfxsr_feature) {
		fxsave(pr->p_fpu_state.fpu_save_area_p);
		fninit();
	} else {
		fnsave(pr->p_fpu_state.fpu_save_area_p);
	}
}

PUBLIC void restore_fpu(struct proc *pr)
{
	if(!proc_used_fpu(pr)) {
		fninit();
		pr->p_misc_flags |= MF_FPU_INITIALIZED;
	} else {
		if(osfxsr_feature) {
			fxrstor(pr->p_fpu_state.fpu_save_area_p);
		} else {
			frstor(pr->p_fpu_state.fpu_save_area_p);
		}
	}
}

PUBLIC void arch_init(void)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_APIC
	/*
	 * this is setting kernel segments to cover most of the phys memory. The
	 * value is high enough to reach local APIC nad IOAPICs before paging is
	 * turned on.
	 */
	prot_set_kern_seg_limit(0xfff00000);
	reload_ds();
#endif

	idt_init();

	tss_init(&tss, &k_boot_stktop, 0);

#if defined(CONFIG_APIC) && !defined(CONFIG_SMP)
	if (config_no_apic) {
		BOOT_VERBOSE(printf("APIC disabled, using legacy PIC\n"));
	}
	else if (!apic_single_cpu_init()) {
		BOOT_VERBOSE(printf("APIC not present, using legacy PIC\n"));
	}
#endif

	fpu_init();
}

PUBLIC void ser_putc(char c)
{
        int i;
        int lsr, thr;

#if CONFIG_OXPCIE
	oxpcie_putc(c);
#else
        lsr= COM1_LSR;
        thr= COM1_THR;
        for (i= 0; i<100000; i++)
        {
                if (inb( lsr) & LSR_THRE)
                        break;
        }
        outb( thr, c);
#endif
}

/*===========================================================================*
 *				do_ser_debug				     * 
 *===========================================================================*/
PUBLIC void do_ser_debug()
{
	u8_t c, lsr;

#if CONFIG_OXPCIE
	{
		int oxin;
		if((oxin = oxpcie_in()) >= 0)
		ser_debug(oxin);
	}
#endif

	lsr= inb(COM1_LSR);
	if (!(lsr & LSR_DR))
		return;
	c = inb(COM1_RBR);
	ser_debug(c);
}

PRIVATE void ser_dump_queues(void)
{
	int q;
	for(q = 0; q < NR_SCHED_QUEUES; q++) {
		struct proc *p;
		if(rdy_head[q])	
			printf("%2d: ", q);
		for(p = rdy_head[q]; p; p = p->p_nextready) {
			printf("%s / %d  ", p->p_name, p->p_endpoint);
		}
		printf("\n");
	}

}

PRIVATE void ser_dump_segs(void)
{
	struct proc *pp;
	for (pp= BEG_PROC_ADDR; pp < END_PROC_ADDR; pp++)
	{
		if (isemptyp(pp))
			continue;
		printf("%d: %s ep %d\n", proc_nr(pp), pp->p_name, pp->p_endpoint);
		printseg("cs: ", 1, pp, pp->p_reg.cs);
		printseg("ds: ", 0, pp, pp->p_reg.ds);
		if(pp->p_reg.ss != pp->p_reg.ds) {
			printseg("ss: ", 0, pp, pp->p_reg.ss);
		}
	}
}

PRIVATE void ser_debug(const int c)
{
	serial_debug_active = 1;

	switch(c)
	{
	case 'Q':
		minix_shutdown(NULL);
		NOT_REACHABLE;
	case '1':
		ser_dump_proc();
		break;
	case '2':
		ser_dump_queues();
		break;
	case '3':
		ser_dump_segs();
		break;
#if DEBUG_TRACE
#define TOGGLECASE(ch, flag)				\
	case ch: {					\
		if(verboseflags & flag)	{		\
			verboseflags &= ~flag;		\
			printf("%s disabled\n", #flag);	\
		} else {				\
			verboseflags |= flag;		\
			printf("%s enabled\n", #flag);	\
		}					\
		break;					\
		}
	TOGGLECASE('8', VF_SCHEDULING)
	TOGGLECASE('9', VF_PICKPROC)
#endif
	}
	serial_debug_active = 0;
}


PUBLIC void ser_dump_proc()
{
	struct proc *pp;

	for (pp= BEG_PROC_ADDR; pp < END_PROC_ADDR; pp++)
	{
		if (isemptyp(pp))
			continue;
		print_proc_recursive(pp);
	}
}

#if SPROFILE

PUBLIC int arch_init_profile_clock(const u32_t freq)
{
  int r;
  /* Set CMOS timer frequency. */
  outb(RTC_INDEX, RTC_REG_A);
  outb(RTC_IO, RTC_A_DV_OK | freq);
  /* Enable CMOS timer interrupts. */
  outb(RTC_INDEX, RTC_REG_B);
  r = inb(RTC_IO);
  outb(RTC_INDEX, RTC_REG_B); 
  outb(RTC_IO, r | RTC_B_PIE);
  /* Mandatory read of CMOS register to enable timer interrupts. */
  outb(RTC_INDEX, RTC_REG_C);
  inb(RTC_IO);

  return CMOS_CLOCK_IRQ;
}

PUBLIC void arch_stop_profile_clock(void)
{
  int r;
  /* Disable CMOS timer interrupts. */
  outb(RTC_INDEX, RTC_REG_B);
  r = inb(RTC_IO);
  outb(RTC_INDEX, RTC_REG_B);  
  outb(RTC_IO, r & ~RTC_B_PIE);
}

PUBLIC void arch_ack_profile_clock(void)
{
  /* Mandatory read of CMOS register to re-enable timer interrupts. */
  outb(RTC_INDEX, RTC_REG_C);
  inb(RTC_IO);
}

#endif

#define COLOR_BASE	0xB8000L

PRIVATE void cons_setc(const int pos, const int c)
{
	char ch;

	ch= c;
	phys_copy(vir2phys((vir_bytes)&ch), COLOR_BASE+(20*80+pos)*2, 1);
}

PRIVATE void cons_seth(int pos, int n)
{
	n &= 0xf;
	if (n < 10)
		cons_setc(pos, '0'+n);
	else
		cons_setc(pos, 'A'+(n-10));
}

/* Saved by mpx386.s into these variables. */
u32_t params_size, params_offset, mon_ds;

PUBLIC int arch_get_params(char *params, int maxsize)
{
	phys_copy(seg2phys(mon_ds) + params_offset, vir2phys(params),
		MIN(maxsize, params_size));
	params[maxsize-1] = '\0';
	return OK;
}

PUBLIC int arch_set_params(char *params, int size)
{
	if(size > params_size)
		return E2BIG;
	phys_copy(vir2phys(params), seg2phys(mon_ds) + params_offset, size);
	return OK;
}

PUBLIC void arch_do_syscall(struct proc *proc)
{
  /* do_ipc assumes that it's running because of the current process */
  assert(proc == proc_ptr);
  /* Make the system call, for real this time. */
  proc->p_reg.retreg =
	  do_ipc(proc->p_reg.cx, proc->p_reg.retreg, proc->p_reg.bx);
}

PUBLIC struct proc * arch_finish_switch_to_user(void)
{
	char * stk;
	stk = (char *)tss.sp0;
	/* set pointer to the process to run on the stack */
	*((reg_t *)stk) = (reg_t) proc_ptr;
	
	return proc_ptr;
}

PUBLIC void fpu_sigcontext(struct proc *pr, struct sigframe *fr, struct sigcontext *sc)
{
	int fp_error;

	if (osfxsr_feature) {
		fp_error = sc->sc_fpu_state.xfp_regs.fp_status &
			~sc->sc_fpu_state.xfp_regs.fp_control;
	} else {
		fp_error = sc->sc_fpu_state.fpu_regs.fp_status &
			~sc->sc_fpu_state.fpu_regs.fp_control;
	}

	if (fp_error & 0x001) {      /* Invalid op */
		/*
		 * swd & 0x240 == 0x040: Stack Underflow
		 * swd & 0x240 == 0x240: Stack Overflow
		 * User must clear the SF bit (0x40) if set
		 */
		fr->sf_code = FPE_FLTINV;
	} else if (fp_error & 0x004) {
		fr->sf_code = FPE_FLTDIV; /* Divide by Zero */
	} else if (fp_error & 0x008) {
		fr->sf_code = FPE_FLTOVF; /* Overflow */
	} else if (fp_error & 0x012) {
		fr->sf_code = FPE_FLTUND; /* Denormal, Underflow */
	} else if (fp_error & 0x020) {
		fr->sf_code = FPE_FLTRES; /* Precision */
	} else {
		fr->sf_code = 0;  /* XXX - probably should be used for FPE_INTOVF or
				  * FPE_INTDIV */
	}
}