2005-05-02 15:01:42 +02:00
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.TH CHMOD 1
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.SH NAME
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chmod \- change access mode for files
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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\fBchmod [\fB\-R\fR] \fImode \fIfile\fR ...\fR
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.br
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.de FL
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.TP
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\\fB\\$1\\fR
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\\$2
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..
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.de EX
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.TP 20
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\\fB\\$1\\fR
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# \\$2
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..
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.SH OPTIONS
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2012-03-31 23:44:29 +02:00
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.TP 5
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.B \-R
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# Change hierarchies recursively
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2005-05-02 15:01:42 +02:00
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.SH EXAMPLES
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2012-03-31 23:44:29 +02:00
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.TP 20
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.B chmod 755 file
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# Owner: rwx Group: r\-x Others: r\-x
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.TP 20
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.B chmod +x file1 file2
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# Make \fIfile1\fR and \fIfile2\fR executable
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.TP 20
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.B chmod a\-w file
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# Make \fIfile\fR read only
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.TP 20
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.B chmod u+s file
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# Turn on SETUID for \fIfile\fR
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.TP 20
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.B chmod \-R o+w dir
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# Allow writing for all files in dir
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2005-05-02 15:01:42 +02:00
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.PP
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The given mode is applied to each file in the file list. If the \fB\-R\fR
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flag is present, the files in a directory will be changed as well.
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The mode can be either absolute or symbolic. Absolute modes are given as an
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octal number that represents the new file mode. The mode bits are defined as
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follows:
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.ta 0.25i
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.nf
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.PP
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4000 Set effective user id on execution to file's owner id
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2000 Set effective group id on execution to file's group id
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0400 file is readable by the owner of the file
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0200 writeable by owner
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0100 executable by owner
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0070 same as above, for other users in the same group
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0007 same as above, for all other users
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.PP
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.fi
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Symbolic modes modify the current file mode in a specified way. The form is:
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.PP
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[who] op permissions { op permissions ...} {, [who] op ... }
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.PP
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The possibilities for \fIwho\fR are \fIu\fR, \fIg\fR, \fIo\fR, and \fIa\fR,
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standing for user, group, other and all, respectively.
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If \fIwho\fR is omitted, \fIa\fR is assumed, but the current umask is used.
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The op can be \fI+\fR, \fI-\fR, or \fI=\fR; \fI+\fR turns on the
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given permissions, \fI\- \fRturns them off; \fI=\fR sets the permissions
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exclusively for the given \fIwho\fR.
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For example \fIg=x\fR sets the group permissions to \fI--x\fR.
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.PP
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The possible permissions are \fIr\fR, \fIw\fR, \fIx\fR; which stand for read,
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write, and execute; \fIs\fR turns on the set effective user/group id bits.
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\fIs\fR only makes sense with \fIu\fR and \fIg\fR;\fR o+s\fR is
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harmless.
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.BR ls (1),
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.BR chmod (2).
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