249 lines
8.6 KiB
Groff
249 lines
8.6 KiB
Groff
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.TH CURSES 3
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.SH NAME
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curses \- screen/window management library
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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cc demo.c -lcurses
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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Curses is a library of screen and window management routines. It is modeled
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after the UNIX curses and ncurses libraries. Normally, programs written for
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curses should be easily ported to UNIX, and vice versa.
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.PP
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To use the routines, the function initscr() must first be called.
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This creates two 'windows' for the user: stdscr and curscr. Stdscr is the
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default
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window for the user to make changes on, and curscr reflects the current
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contents of the physical display screen. The user writes or edits the stdscr
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window to his liking, then calls the refresh() function to make curscr
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and the physical screen look like stdscr. When the user program terminates,
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it should call the endwin() function to restore things to normal.
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.PP
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There are all sorts of window manipulation routines available to the
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programmer: auxiliary windows may be created, edited, moved and deleted. The
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terminal may be set in many different modes, output text may be attributed
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with blink, blank, bold and reverse attributes. Screen colors may also be
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set, foreground and background. There are window-specific
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printf- and scanf-like routines, routines for scrolling, box-drawing,
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window overlaying, clearing routines etc.
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.PP
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For more and detailed information, see the library source codes. All curses
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functions are preceded by a complete description.
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.SH FUNCTIONS
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Below is a list over the available functions, together with a brief
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description of what they do. In general, functions whose names start with 'w'
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differ from the one without 'w' (like wmove vs. move) signify that
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a specific window is used. Without a 'w', sdtscr is implied. The functions
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that start with 'mv' before the 'genereic' function name signify that a
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cursor motion should be made before the actual work. 'mv' and 'w' combine
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as expected.
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.PP
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Most routines that return an int will return the manifest constant ERR if
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there is a failure during execution. Routines that return a char actually
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return an int, so that ERR does not conflict with the character code 0xff.
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All characters from 0 to 0xff are allowed for usage with curses.
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.PP
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Some routines, like {mv}{w} printw() and {mv}{w}scanw() return a meaningful
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positive value if the operation is successful.
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.PP
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The curses package uses some predefined types, variables and manifest
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constants that are also available to the programmer. There are also a few
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globally accessible variables that should not be touched by the application
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program. Those untouchable variables have names starting with an
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underscore (_) to avoid conflicts. The user-accessible types, variables
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and constants are (there are a number of other constants defining character
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attribute names and function key names - consult <curses.h> for details):
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.sp
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.nf
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.ta 3i
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(manifest constants)
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.RS
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TRUE boolean true
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FALSE boolean false
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ERR unsuccessfull operation
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OK successfull operation
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.RE
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.sp
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(types)
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.RS
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WINDOW a window structure type
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bool boolean flag type
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.RE
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.sp
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(variables)
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.RS
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WINDOW curscr physical display image
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WINDOW stdscr default user drawing board
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int LINES terminal height
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int COLS terminal width
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int NONL \\n causes CR and LF when TRUE
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.RE
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.sp
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.fi
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The following is an alphabetical list of the curses functions, together
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with their types, parameters and a short comment for each (win is a window,
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ch, vc, hc are characters, buf is a character buffer, attrs is an
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attribute bit map, bf is a boolean flag. Note that `characters' in this
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context usually can have 16 bits):
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.nf
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.sp
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int waddch(win,ch) put char in stdscr
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int addch(ch)
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int mvaddch(y,x,ch)
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int mvwaddch(win,y,x,ch)
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int waddstr(win,str) put string in stdscr
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int addstr(str)
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int mvaddstr(y,x,str)
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int mvwaddstr(win,y,x,str)
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void wattroff(win,attrs) clear attribute(s) in window
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void attroff(attrs)
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void wattron(win,attrs) add attribute(s) in window
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void attron(attrs)
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void wattrset(win,attrs) set window char attributes
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void attrset(attrs)
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int baudrate() dummy for compatibility
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void beep() ring the bell or visible bell if no bell available
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void flash() flash terminal screen or rings bell if no visible bell available
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void wbox(win,miny,minx,maxy,maxx,vc,hc) box in a window, with given characters
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void box(win,vc,hc)
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void cbreak() set terminal cbreak mode
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void wclear(win) clear stdscr
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void clear()
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void clearok(win,bf) marks window for screen clear
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int wclrtobot(win) clear from cursor to end of line and all lines down this line
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int clrtobot()
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int mvclrtoeol(y,x)
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int mvwclrtobot(win,y,x)
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int wclrtoeol(win) clear from cursor to end of line
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int clrtoeol()
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int mvclrtoeol(y,x)
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int mvwclrtoeol(win,y,x)
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int wdelch(win) delete a char in a window
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int delch()
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int mvdelch(y,x)
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int mvwdelch(win,y,x)
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int wdeleteln(win) delete a line in a window
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int deleteln()
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int mvdeleteln(y,x)
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int mvwdeleteln(win,y,x)
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void delwin(win) delete a window or a subwindow
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void doupdate() update physical screen
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void echo() set terminal echo mode
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int endwin() cleanup and curses finitialization
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void werase(win) erase a window
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void erase()
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int erasechar() return char delete character
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int fixterm() dummy for compatibility
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void flushinp() kill pending keyboard input
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int wgetch(win) get char via a window
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int getch()
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int mvgetch(y,x)
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int mvwgetch(win,y,x)
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int wgetstr(win,str) get string via window to a buffer
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int getstr(str)
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int mvgetstr(y,x,str)
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int mvwgetstr(win,y,x,str)
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void getyx(win,y,x) get a window's cursor position
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int gettmode() dummy for compatibility
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void idlok(win,bf) dummy for compatibility
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WINDOW *initscr() curses initialization (ret stdscr or NULL)
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int winch(win) get char at window cursor
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int inch()
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int mvinch(y,x)
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int mvwinch(win,y,x)
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int winsch(win,ch) insert character in a window
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int insch(ch)
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int mvinsch(y,x,ch)
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int mvwinsch(win,y,x,ch)
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int winsertln(win) insert new line in a window
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int insertln()
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int mvinsertln(y,x)
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int mvwinsertln(win,y,x)
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void keypad(win,bf) marks a window for keypad usage
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int killchar() return line delete character
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char *longname() returns terminal description string
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void leaveok(win,bf) marks window for cursor 'update leave'
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void meta(win,bf) marks window for meta
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int move(y,x) move cursor in stdscr
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int mvcur(oldy,oldx,y,x) move terminal cursor to <y,x>
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int mvprintw(y,x,fmt,args) move & print string in stdscr
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int mvscanw(y,x,fmt,args) move & get values via stdscr
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int mvwin(win,y,x) move window on physical screen
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int mvwprintw(win,x,y,fmt,args) move & print string in a window
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int mvwscanw(win,y,x,fmt,args) move & get values via a window
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WINDOW *newwin(lines,cols,begy,begx) create a new window
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void nl() set terminal cr-crlf mapping mode
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void nocbreak() unset terminal cbreak mod
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void nodelay(win,bf) marks window for no input wait
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void noecho() unset terminal echo mode
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void nonl() unset terminal cr-crlf mapping mode
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void noraw() unset raw terminal mode
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void overlay(win1,win2) overlay one window on another
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void overwrite(win1,win2) overwrite one window on another
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int printw(fmt,args) print string in stdscr
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void raw() set raw terminal mode
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void refrbrk(bf) set screen update break mode
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void refresh() refresh stdscr
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int resetterm() dummy for compatibility
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int resetty() restore terminal I/O modes
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int saveoldterm() dummy for compatibility
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int saveterm() dummy for compatibility
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int savetty() save terminal I/O modes
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int scanw(fmt,args) get values via stdscr
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void scroll(win) scroll scrolling region of a window
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void scrollok(win,bf) marks a window to allow scroll
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void setcolors(A_COLOR(for,back)) sets the forground and background
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colors of stdscr
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void set_curs(visibility) 0 for invisible, 1 for visible, 2 for good
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visible
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int setsrcreg(miny,maxy) define stdscr's scroll region
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int setterm() dummy for compatibility
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int setupterm(term,fd,errret) set up terminal
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void standend() start normal chars in stdscr
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void standout() start standout chars in stdscr
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WINDOW *subwin(win,lines,cols,begy,begx)
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create a sub-window in window win
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int tabsize(ts) set/get tabsize of stdscr
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void touchwin(win) mark a window as totally modified
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char *unctrl(ch) char-to-string converter
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int wmove(win,y,x) move cursor in a window
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void wnoutrefresh(win) create internal screen image
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int wprintw(win,fmt,args) print string in a window
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void wrefresh(win) refresh window
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int wscanw(win,fmt,args) get values via a window
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void wsetcolors(win,A_COLOR(for,back)) sets the forground and
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background colors of the specified window
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int wsetsrcreg(win,miny,maxy) define a window's scrolling region
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void wstandend(win) start normal chars in window
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void wstandout(win) start standout chars in window
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int wtabsize(win,ts) set/get tabsize of a window
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.SH BUGS
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Function keys are not available under the MINIX version.
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.\" $PchId: curses.3,v 1.3 1996/02/22 21:26:28 philip Exp $
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