minix/lib/libc/stdio/vfwprintf.c

/*	$NetBSD: vfwprintf.c,v 1.33 2013/09/23 12:41:37 pooka Exp $	*/

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 * Chris Torek.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
#if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
#if 0
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vfprintf.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93";
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/stdio/vfwprintf.c,v 1.27 2007/01/09 00:28:08 imp Exp $");
#else
__RCSID("$NetBSD: vfwprintf.c,v 1.33 2013/09/23 12:41:37 pooka Exp $");
#endif
#endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */

/*
 * Actual {w,}printf innards.
 */

#include "namespace.h"
#include <sys/types.h>

#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include <wctype.h>

#include "reentrant.h"
#include "setlocale_local.h"
#include "local.h"
#include "extern.h"
#include "fvwrite.h"

#ifndef NARROW
#define MCHAR_T		char
#define CHAR_T		wchar_t
#define STRLEN(a)	wcslen(a)
#define MEMCHR(a, b, c)	wmemchr(a, b, c)
#define SCONV(a, b, loc)	__mbsconv(a, b, loc)
#define STRCONST(a)	L ## a
#define WDECL(a, b)	a ## w ## b
#define END_OF_FILE	WEOF
#define MULTI		0
#else
#define MCHAR_T		wchar_t
#define CHAR_T		char
#define STRLEN(a)	strlen(a)
#define MEMCHR(a, b, c)	memchr(a, b, c)
#define SCONV(a, b, loc)	__wcsconv(a, b, loc)
#define STRCONST(a)	a
#define WDECL(a, b)	a ## b
#define END_OF_FILE	EOF
#define MULTI		LONGINT
#endif

union arg {
	int	intarg;
	u_int	uintarg;
	long	longarg;
	u_long	ulongarg;
	long long longlongarg;
	unsigned long long ulonglongarg;
	ptrdiff_t ptrdiffarg;
	ssize_t ssizearg;
	size_t	sizearg;
	intmax_t intmaxarg;
	uintmax_t uintmaxarg;
	void	*pvoidarg;
	char	*pchararg;
	signed char *pschararg;
	short	*pshortarg;
	int	*pintarg;
	long	*plongarg;
	long long *plonglongarg;
	ptrdiff_t *pptrdiffarg;
	size_t	*psizearg;
	intmax_t *pintmaxarg;
#ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
	double	doublearg;
	long double longdoublearg;
#endif
	wint_t	wintarg;
	wchar_t	*pwchararg;
};

/*
 * Type ids for argument type table.
 */
enum typeid {
	T_UNUSED = 0, TP_SHORT, T_INT, T_U_INT, TP_INT,
	T_LONG, T_U_LONG, TP_LONG, T_LLONG, T_U_LLONG, TP_LLONG,
	T_PTRDIFFT, TP_PTRDIFFT, T_SSIZET, T_SIZET, TP_SIZET,
	T_INTMAXT, T_UINTMAXT, TP_INTMAXT, TP_VOID, TP_CHAR, TP_SCHAR,
	T_DOUBLE, T_LONG_DOUBLE, T_WINT, TP_WCHAR
};

#ifdef NARROW
__printflike(3, 0)
#endif
static int	__sbprintf(FILE *, locale_t, const CHAR_T *, va_list);

static CHAR_T	*__ujtoa(uintmax_t, CHAR_T *, int, int, const char *, int,
		    char, const char *);
static CHAR_T	*__ultoa(u_long, CHAR_T *, int, int, const char *, int,
		    char, const char *);
#ifndef NARROW
static CHAR_T	*__mbsconv(char *, int, locale_t);
static wint_t	__xfputwc(CHAR_T, FILE *, locale_t);
#else
static char	*__wcsconv(wchar_t *, int, locale_t);
static int	__sprint(FILE *, struct __suio *);
#endif
static int	__find_arguments(const CHAR_T *, va_list, union arg **);
static int	__grow_type_table(size_t, enum typeid **, size_t *);

/*
 * Helper function for `fprintf to unbuffered unix file': creates a
 * temporary buffer.  We only work on write-only files; this avoids
 * worries about ungetc buffers and so forth.
 */
static int
__sbprintf(FILE *fp, locale_t loc, const CHAR_T *fmt, va_list ap)
{
	int ret;
	FILE fake;
	struct __sfileext fakeext;
	unsigned char buf[BUFSIZ];

	_DIAGASSERT(fp != NULL);
	_DIAGASSERT(fmt != NULL);

	_FILEEXT_SETUP(&fake, &fakeext);
	memset(WCIO_GET(&fake), 0, sizeof(struct wchar_io_data));

	/* copy the important variables */
	fake._flags = fp->_flags & ~__SNBF;
	fake._file = fp->_file;
	fake._cookie = fp->_cookie;
	fake._write = fp->_write;
	fake._flush = fp->_flush;

	/* set up the buffer */
	fake._bf._base = fake._p = buf;
	fake._bf._size = fake._w = sizeof(buf);
	fake._lbfsize = 0;	/* not actually used, but Just In Case */

	/* do the work, then copy any error status */
	ret = WDECL(__vf,printf_unlocked_l)(&fake, loc, fmt, ap);
	if (ret >= 0 && fflush(&fake))
		ret = END_OF_FILE;
	if (fake._flags & __SERR)
		fp->_flags |= __SERR;
	return ret;
}

#ifndef NARROW
/*
 * Like __fputwc, but handles fake string (__SSTR) files properly.
 * File must already be locked.
 */
static wint_t
__xfputwc(wchar_t wc, FILE *fp, locale_t loc)
{
	static const mbstate_t initial;
	mbstate_t mbs;
	char buf[MB_LEN_MAX];
	struct __suio uio;
	struct __siov iov;
	size_t len;

	if ((fp->_flags & __SSTR) == 0)
		return __fputwc_unlock(wc, fp);

	mbs = initial;
	if ((len = wcrtomb_l(buf, wc, &mbs, loc)) == (size_t)-1) {
		fp->_flags |= __SERR;
		return END_OF_FILE;
	}
	uio.uio_iov = &iov;
	uio.uio_resid = len;
	uio.uio_iovcnt = 1;
	iov.iov_base = buf;
	iov.iov_len = len;
	return __sfvwrite(fp, &uio) != EOF ? (wint_t)wc : END_OF_FILE;
}
#else
/*
 * Flush out all the vectors defined by the given uio,
 * then reset it so that it can be reused.
 */
static int
__sprint(FILE *fp, struct __suio *uio)
{
	int err;

	_DIAGASSERT(fp != NULL);
	_DIAGASSERT(uio != NULL);

	if (uio->uio_resid == 0) {
		uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
		return 0;
	}
	err = __sfvwrite(fp, uio);
	uio->uio_resid = 0;
	uio->uio_iovcnt = 0;
	return err;
}
#endif

/*
 * Macros for converting digits to letters and vice versa
 */
#define	to_digit(c)	((c) - '0')
#define is_digit(c)	((unsigned)to_digit(c) <= 9)
#define	to_char(n)	(CHAR_T)((n) + '0')

/*
 * Convert an unsigned long to ASCII for printf purposes, returning
 * a pointer to the first character of the string representation.
 * Octal numbers can be forced to have a leading zero; hex numbers
 * use the given digits.
 */
static CHAR_T *
__ultoa(u_long val, CHAR_T *endp, int base, int octzero, const char *xdigs,
    int needgrp, char thousep, const char *grp)
{
	CHAR_T *cp = endp;
	long sval;
	int ndig;

	/*
	 * Handle the three cases separately, in the hope of getting
	 * better/faster code.
	 */
	switch (base) {
	case 10:
		if (val < 10) {	/* many numbers are 1 digit */
			*--cp = to_char(val);
			return cp;
		}
		ndig = 0;
		/*
		 * On many machines, unsigned arithmetic is harder than
		 * signed arithmetic, so we do at most one unsigned mod and
		 * divide; this is sufficient to reduce the range of
		 * the incoming value to where signed arithmetic works.
		 */
		if (val > LONG_MAX) {
			*--cp = to_char(val % 10);
			ndig++;
			sval = val / 10;
		} else
			sval = val;
		do {
			*--cp = to_char(sval % 10);
			ndig++;
			/*
			 * If (*grp == CHAR_MAX) then no more grouping
			 * should be performed.
			 */
			if (needgrp && ndig == *grp
			    && (unsigned char)*grp != (unsigned char)CHAR_MAX
			    && sval > 9) {
				*--cp = thousep;
				ndig = 0;
				/*
				 * If (*(grp+1) == '\0') then we have to
				 * use *grp character (last grouping rule)
				 * for all next cases
				 */
				if (*(grp+1) != '\0')
					grp++;
			}
			sval /= 10;
		} while (sval != 0);
		break;

	case 8:
		do {
			*--cp = to_char(val & 7);
			val >>= 3;
		} while (val);
		if (octzero && *cp != '0')
			*--cp = '0';
		break;

	case 16:
		do {
			*--cp = xdigs[(size_t)val & 15];
			val >>= 4;
		} while (val);
		break;

	default:			/* oops */
		abort();
	}
	return cp;
}

/* Identical to __ultoa, but for intmax_t. */
static CHAR_T *
__ujtoa(uintmax_t val, CHAR_T *endp, int base, int octzero,
    const char *xdigs, int needgrp, char thousep, const char *grp)
{
	CHAR_T *cp = endp;
	intmax_t sval;
	int ndig;

	/* quick test for small values; __ultoa is typically much faster */
	/* (perhaps instead we should run until small, then call __ultoa?) */
	if (val <= ULONG_MAX)
		return __ultoa((u_long)val, endp, base, octzero, xdigs,
		    needgrp, thousep, grp);
	switch (base) {
	case 10:
		if (val < 10) {
			*--cp = to_char(val % 10);
			return cp;
		}
		ndig = 0;
		if (val > INTMAX_MAX) {
			*--cp = to_char(val % 10);
			ndig++;
			sval = val / 10;
		} else
			sval = val;
		do {
			*--cp = to_char(sval % 10);
			ndig++;
			/*
			 * If (*grp == CHAR_MAX) then no more grouping
			 * should be performed.
			 */
			if (needgrp
			    && (unsigned char)*grp != (unsigned char)CHAR_MAX
			    && ndig == *grp
			    && sval > 9) {
				*--cp = thousep;
				ndig = 0;
				/*
				 * If (*(grp+1) == '\0') then we have to
				 * use *grp character (last grouping rule)
				 * for all next cases
				 */
				if (*(grp+1) != '\0')
					grp++;
			}
			sval /= 10;
		} while (sval != 0);
		break;

	case 8:
		do {
			*--cp = to_char(val & 7);
			val >>= 3;
		} while (val);
		if (octzero && *cp != '0')
			*--cp = '0';
		break;

	case 16:
		do {
			*--cp = xdigs[(size_t)val & 15];
			val >>= 4;
		} while (val);
		break;

	default:
		abort();
	}
	return cp;
}

#ifndef NARROW
/*
 * Convert a multibyte character string argument for the %s format to a wide
 * string representation. ``prec'' specifies the maximum number of bytes
 * to output. If ``prec'' is greater than or equal to zero, we can't assume
 * that the multibyte char. string ends in a null character.
 */
static wchar_t *
__mbsconv(char *mbsarg, int prec, locale_t loc)
{
	static const mbstate_t initial;
	mbstate_t mbs;
	wchar_t *convbuf, *wcp;
	const char *p;
	size_t insize, nchars, nconv;

	if (mbsarg == NULL)
		return NULL;

	/*
	 * Supplied argument is a multibyte string; convert it to wide
	 * characters first.
	 */
	if (prec >= 0) {
		/*
		 * String is not guaranteed to be NUL-terminated. Find the
		 * number of characters to print.
		 */
		p = mbsarg;
		insize = nchars = nconv = 0;
		mbs = initial;
		while (nchars != (size_t)prec) {
			nconv = mbrlen_l(p, MB_CUR_MAX_L(loc), &mbs, loc);
			if (nconv == 0 || nconv == (size_t)-1 ||
			    nconv == (size_t)-2)
				break;
			p += nconv;
			nchars++;
			insize += nconv;
		}
		if (nconv == (size_t)-1 || nconv == (size_t)-2)
			return NULL;
	} else
		insize = strlen(mbsarg);

	/*
	 * Allocate buffer for the result and perform the conversion,
	 * converting at most `size' bytes of the input multibyte string to
	 * wide characters for printing.
	 */
	convbuf = malloc((insize + 1) * sizeof(*convbuf));
	if (convbuf == NULL)
		return NULL;
	wcp = convbuf;
	p = mbsarg;
	mbs = initial;
	nconv = 0;
	while (insize != 0) {
		nconv = mbrtowc_l(wcp, p, insize, &mbs, loc);
		if (nconv == 0 || nconv == (size_t)-1 || nconv == (size_t)-2)
			break;
		wcp++;
		p += nconv;
		insize -= nconv;
	}
	if (nconv == (size_t)-1 || nconv == (size_t)-2) {
		free(convbuf);
		return NULL;
	}
	*wcp = L'\0';

	return convbuf;
}
#else
/*
 * Convert a wide-character string argument for the %ls format to a multibyte
 * string representation. If not -1, prec specifies the maximum number of
 * bytes to output, and also means that we can't assume that the wide-char.
 * string ends is null-terminated.
 */
static char *
__wcsconv(wchar_t *wcsarg, int prec, locale_t loc)
{
	static const mbstate_t initial;
	mbstate_t mbs;
	char buf[MB_LEN_MAX];
	wchar_t *p;
	char *convbuf;
	size_t clen, nbytes;

	/* Allocate space for the maximum number of bytes we could output. */
	if (prec < 0) {
		p = wcsarg;
		mbs = initial;
		nbytes = wcsrtombs_l(NULL, (void *)&p, 0, &mbs, loc);
		if (nbytes == (size_t)-1)
			return NULL;
	} else {
		/*
		 * Optimisation: if the output precision is small enough,
		 * just allocate enough memory for the maximum instead of
		 * scanning the string.
		 */
		if (prec < 128)
			nbytes = prec;
		else {
			nbytes = 0;
			p = wcsarg;
			mbs = initial;
			for (;;) {
				clen = wcrtomb_l(buf, *p++, &mbs, loc);
				if (clen == 0 || clen == (size_t)-1 ||
				    nbytes + clen > (size_t)prec)
					break;
				nbytes += clen;
			}
		}
	}
	if ((convbuf = malloc(nbytes + 1)) == NULL)
		return NULL;

	/* Fill the output buffer. */
	p = wcsarg;
	mbs = initial;
	if ((nbytes = wcsrtombs_l(convbuf, (void *)&p,
	    nbytes, &mbs, loc)) == (size_t)-1) {
		free(convbuf);
		return NULL;
	}
	convbuf[nbytes] = '\0';
	return convbuf;
}
#endif

/*
 * MT-safe version
 */
int
WDECL(vf,printf)(FILE * __restrict fp, const CHAR_T * __restrict fmt0, va_list ap)
{
	int ret;

	FLOCKFILE(fp);
	ret = WDECL(__vf,printf_unlocked_l)(fp, _current_locale(), fmt0, ap);
	FUNLOCKFILE(fp);
	return ret;
}

int
WDECL(vf,printf_l)(FILE * __restrict fp, locale_t loc, const CHAR_T * __restrict fmt0,
    va_list ap)
{
	int ret;

	FLOCKFILE(fp);
	ret = WDECL(__vf,printf_unlocked_l)(fp, loc, fmt0, ap);
	FUNLOCKFILE(fp);
	return ret;
}

#ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT

#include <float.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "floatio.h"

#define	DEFPREC		6

static int exponent(CHAR_T *, int, int);
#ifndef WIDE_DOUBLE
static char *cvt(double, int, int, char *, int *, int, int *);
#endif

#endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */

/*
 * The size of the buffer we use as scratch space for integer
 * conversions, among other things.  Technically, we would need the
 * most space for base 10 conversions with thousands' grouping
 * characters between each pair of digits.  100 bytes is a
 * conservative overestimate even for a 128-bit uintmax_t.
 */
#define	BUF	100

#define STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE 8           /* Size of static argument table. */

/*
 * Flags used during conversion.
 */
#define	ALT		0x001		/* alternate form */
#define	LADJUST		0x004		/* left adjustment */
#define	LONGDBL		0x008		/* long double */
#define	LONGINT		0x010		/* long integer */
#define	LLONGINT	0x020		/* long long integer */
#define	SHORTINT	0x040		/* short integer */
#define	ZEROPAD		0x080		/* zero (as opposed to blank) pad */
#define	FPT		0x100		/* Floating point number */
#define	GROUPING	0x200		/* use grouping ("'" flag) */
					/* C99 additional size modifiers: */
#define	SIZET		0x400		/* size_t */
#define	PTRDIFFT	0x800		/* ptrdiff_t */
#define	INTMAXT		0x1000		/* intmax_t */
#define	CHARINT		0x2000		/* print char using int format */

/*
 * Non-MT-safe version
 */
int
WDECL(__vf,printf_unlocked_l)(FILE *fp, locale_t loc, const CHAR_T *fmt0, va_list ap)
{
	CHAR_T *fmt;		/* format string */
	int ch;			/* character from fmt */
	int n, n2;		/* handy integer (short term usage) */
	CHAR_T *cp;		/* handy char pointer (short term usage) */
	int flags;		/* flags as above */
	int ret;		/* return value accumulator */
	int width;		/* width from format (%8d), or 0 */
	int prec;		/* precision from format; <0 for N/A */
	CHAR_T sign;		/* sign prefix (' ', '+', '-', or \0) */
	char thousands_sep;	/* locale specific thousands separator */
	const char *grouping;	/* locale specific numeric grouping rules */
#ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
	/*
	 * We can decompose the printed representation of floating
	 * point numbers into several parts, some of which may be empty:
	 *
	 * [+|-| ] [0x|0X] MMM . NNN [e|E|p|P] [+|-] ZZ
	 *    A       B     ---C---      D       E   F
	 *
	 * A:	'sign' holds this value if present; '\0' otherwise
	 * B:	ox[1] holds the 'x' or 'X'; '\0' if not hexadecimal
	 * C:	cp points to the string MMMNNN.  Leading and trailing
	 *	zeros are not in the string and must be added.
	 * D:	expchar holds this character; '\0' if no exponent, e.g. %f
	 * F:	at least two digits for decimal, at least one digit for hex
	 */
	char *decimal_point;	/* locale specific decimal point */
#ifdef WIDE_DOUBLE
	int signflag;		/* true if float is negative */
	union {			/* floating point arguments %[aAeEfFgG] */
		double dbl;
		long double ldbl;
	} fparg;
	char *dtoaend;		/* pointer to end of converted digits */
#else
	double _double;		/* double precision arguments %[eEfgG] */
	char softsign;		/* temporary negative sign for floats */
#endif
	char *dtoaresult;	/* buffer allocated by dtoa */
	int expt;		/* integer value of exponent */
	char expchar;		/* exponent character: [eEpP\0] */
	int expsize;		/* character count for expstr */
	int lead;		/* sig figs before decimal or group sep */
	int ndig;		/* actual number of digits returned by dtoa */
	CHAR_T expstr[MAXEXPDIG+2];	/* buffer for exponent string: e+ZZZ */
	int nseps;		/* number of group separators with ' */
	int nrepeats;		/* number of repeats of the last group */
#endif
	u_long	ulval;		/* integer arguments %[diouxX] */
	uintmax_t ujval;	/* %j, %ll, %q, %t, %z integers */
	int base;		/* base for [diouxX] conversion */
	int dprec;		/* a copy of prec if [diouxX], 0 otherwise */
	int realsz;		/* field size expanded by dprec, sign, etc */
	int size;		/* size of converted field or string */
	int prsize;             /* max size of printed field */
	const char *xdigs;	/* digits for %[xX] conversion */
#ifdef NARROW
#define NIOV 8
	struct __siov *iovp;	/* for PRINT macro */
	struct __suio uio;	/* output information: summary */
	struct __siov iov[NIOV];/* ... and individual io vectors */
#else
	int n3;
#endif
	CHAR_T buf[BUF];	/* buffer with space for digits of uintmax_t */
	CHAR_T ox[2];		/* space for 0x hex-prefix */
	union arg *argtable;	/* args, built due to positional arg */
	union arg statargtable [STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE];
	int nextarg;		/* 1-based argument index */
	va_list orgap;		/* original argument pointer */
	CHAR_T *convbuf;	/* multibyte to wide conversion result */

	/*
	 * Choose PADSIZE to trade efficiency vs. size.  If larger printf
	 * fields occur frequently, increase PADSIZE and make the initialisers
	 * below longer.
	 */
#define	PADSIZE	16		/* pad chunk size */
	static CHAR_T blanks[PADSIZE] =
	 {' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '};
	static CHAR_T zeroes[PADSIZE] =
	 {'0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0'};

	static const char xdigs_lower[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
	static const char xdigs_upper[16] = "0123456789ABCDEF";

	/*
	 * BEWARE, these `goto error' on error, PRINT uses `n2' and
	 * PAD uses `n'.
	 */
#ifndef NARROW
#define	PRINT(ptr, len)	do {			\
	for (n3 = 0; n3 < (len); n3++)		\
		__xfputwc((ptr)[n3], fp, loc);	\
} while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
#define FLUSH()
#else
#define	PRINT(ptr, len) do { \
	iovp->iov_base = __UNCONST(ptr); \
	iovp->iov_len = (len); \
	uio.uio_resid += (len); \
	iovp++; \
	if (++uio.uio_iovcnt >= NIOV) { \
		if (__sprint(fp, &uio)) \
			goto error; \
		iovp = iov; \
	} \
} while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
#define	FLUSH() do { \
	if (uio.uio_resid && __sprint(fp, &uio)) \
		goto error; \
	uio.uio_iovcnt = 0; \
	iovp = iov; \
} while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
#endif /* NARROW */

#define	PAD(howmany, with)	do {		\
	if ((n = (howmany)) > 0) {		\
		while (n > PADSIZE) {		\
			PRINT(with, PADSIZE);	\
			n -= PADSIZE;		\
		}				\
		PRINT(with, n);			\
	}					\
} while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
#define	PRINTANDPAD(p, ep, len, with) do {	\
	ptrdiff_t td = (ep) - (p);		\
	_DIAGASSERT(__type_fit(int, td));	\
	n2 = (int)td;       			\
	if (n2 > (len))				\
		n2 = (len);			\
	if (n2 > 0)				\
		PRINT((p), n2);			\
	PAD((len) - (n2 > 0 ? n2 : 0), (with));	\
} while(/*CONSTCOND*/0)

	/*
	 * Get the argument indexed by nextarg.   If the argument table is
	 * built, use it to get the argument.  If its not, get the next
	 * argument (and arguments must be gotten sequentially).
	 */
#define GETARG(type) \
	((/*CONSTCOND*/argtable != NULL) ? *((type*)(void*)(&argtable[nextarg++])) : \
	    (nextarg++, va_arg(ap, type)))

	/*
	 * To extend shorts properly, we need both signed and unsigned
	 * argument extraction methods.
	 */
#define	SARG() \
	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(long) : \
	    flags&SHORTINT ? (long)(short)GETARG(int) : \
	    flags&CHARINT ? (long)(signed char)GETARG(int) : \
	    (long)GETARG(int))
#define	UARG() \
	(flags&LONGINT ? GETARG(u_long) : \
	    flags&SHORTINT ? (u_long)(u_short)GETARG(int) : \
	    flags&CHARINT ? (u_long)(u_char)GETARG(int) : \
	    (u_long)GETARG(u_int))
#define	INTMAX_SIZE	(INTMAXT|SIZET|PTRDIFFT|LLONGINT)
#define SJARG() \
	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(intmax_t) : \
	    flags&SIZET ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ssize_t) : \
	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (intmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
	    (intmax_t)GETARG(long long))
#define	UJARG() \
	(flags&INTMAXT ? GETARG(uintmax_t) : \
	    flags&SIZET ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(size_t) : \
	    flags&PTRDIFFT ? (uintmax_t)GETARG(ptrdiff_t) : \
	    (uintmax_t)GETARG(unsigned long long))

	/*
	 * Get * arguments, including the form *nn$.  Preserve the nextarg
	 * that the argument can be gotten once the type is determined.
	 */
#define GETASTER(val) \
	n2 = 0; \
	cp = fmt; \
	while (is_digit(*cp)) { \
		n2 = 10 * n2 + to_digit(*cp); \
		cp++; \
	} \
	if (*cp == '$') { \
		int hold = nextarg; \
		if (argtable == NULL) { \
			argtable = statargtable; \
			if (__find_arguments(fmt0, orgap, &argtable) == -1) \
				goto oomem; \
		} \
		nextarg = n2; \
		val = GETARG (int); \
		nextarg = hold; \
		fmt = ++cp; \
	} else { \
		val = GETARG (int); \
	}

	_DIAGASSERT(fp != NULL);
	_DIAGASSERT(fmt0 != NULL);

	_SET_ORIENTATION(fp, -1);

	thousands_sep = '\0';
	grouping = NULL;
#ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
	decimal_point = localeconv_l(loc)->decimal_point;
	expsize = 0;		/* XXXGCC -Wuninitialized [sh3,m68000] */
	ndig = -1;	/* XXX gcc */
#endif
	convbuf = NULL;
	/* sorry, f{w,}printf(read_only_file, L"") returns {W,}EOF, not 0 */
	if (cantwrite(fp)) {
		errno = EBADF;
		return END_OF_FILE;
	}

	/* optimise fprintf(stderr) (and other unbuffered Unix files) */
	if ((fp->_flags & (__SNBF|__SWR|__SRW)) == (__SNBF|__SWR) &&
	    __sfileno(fp) != -1)
		return __sbprintf(fp, loc, fmt0, ap);

	fmt = (CHAR_T *)__UNCONST(fmt0);
	argtable = NULL;
	nextarg = 1;
	va_copy(orgap, ap);
#ifdef NARROW
	uio.uio_iov = iovp = iov;
	uio.uio_resid = 0;
	uio.uio_iovcnt = 0;
#endif
	ret = 0;

	/*
	 * Scan the format for conversions (`%' character).
	 */
	for (;;) {
		const CHAR_T *result;

		for (cp = fmt; (ch = *fmt) != '\0' && ch != '%'; fmt++)
			continue;
		_DIAGASSERT(__type_fit(int, fmt - cp));
		if ((n = (int)(fmt - cp)) != 0) {
			if ((unsigned)ret + n > INT_MAX) {
				ret = END_OF_FILE;
				goto error;
			}
			PRINT(cp, n);
			ret += n;
		}
		if (ch == '\0')
			goto done;
		fmt++;		/* skip over '%' */

		flags = 0;
		dprec = 0;
		width = 0;
		prec = -1;
		sign = '\0';
		ox[1] = '\0';
#ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
		expchar = '\0';
		lead = 0;
		nseps = nrepeats = 0;
#endif
		ulval = 0;
		ujval = 0;
		xdigs = NULL;

rflag:		ch = *fmt++;
reswitch:	switch (ch) {
		case ' ':
			/*-
			 * ``If the space and + flags both appear, the space
			 * flag will be ignored.''
			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
			 */
			if (!sign)
				sign = ' ';
			goto rflag;
		case '#':
			flags |= ALT;
			goto rflag;
		case '*':
			/*-
			 * ``A negative field width argument is taken as a
			 * - flag followed by a positive field width.''
			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
			 * They don't exclude field widths read from args.
			 */
			GETASTER (width);
			if (width >= 0)
				goto rflag;
			width = -width;
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		case '-':
			flags |= LADJUST;
			goto rflag;
		case '+':
			sign = '+';
			goto rflag;
		case '\'':
			flags |= GROUPING;
			thousands_sep = *(localeconv_l(loc)->thousands_sep);
			grouping = localeconv_l(loc)->grouping;
			/* If the locale doesn't define the above, use sane
			 * defaults - otherwise silly things happen! */
			if (thousands_sep == 0)
				thousands_sep = ',';
			if (!grouping || !*grouping)
				grouping = "\3";
			goto rflag;
		case '.':
			if ((ch = *fmt++) == '*') {
				GETASTER (prec);
				goto rflag;
			}
			prec = 0;
			while (is_digit(ch)) {
				prec = 10 * prec + to_digit(ch);
				ch = *fmt++;
			}
			goto reswitch;
		case '0':
			/*-
			 * ``Note that 0 is taken as a flag, not as the
			 * beginning of a field width.''
			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
			 */
			flags |= ZEROPAD;
			goto rflag;
		case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
			n = 0;
			do {
				n = 10 * n + to_digit(ch);
				ch = *fmt++;
			} while (is_digit(ch));
			if (ch == '$') {
				nextarg = n;
				if (argtable == NULL) {
					argtable = statargtable;
					if (__find_arguments(fmt0, orgap,
					    &argtable) == -1)
						goto oomem;
				}
				goto rflag;
			}
			width = n;
			goto reswitch;
#ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
		case 'L':
			flags |= LONGDBL;
			goto rflag;
#endif
		case 'h':
			if (flags & SHORTINT) {
				flags &= ~SHORTINT;
				flags |= CHARINT;
			} else
				flags |= SHORTINT;
			goto rflag;
		case 'j':
			flags |= INTMAXT;
			goto rflag;
		case 'l':
			if (flags & LONGINT) {
				flags &= ~LONGINT;
				flags |= LLONGINT;
			} else
				flags |= LONGINT;
			goto rflag;
		case 'q':
			flags |= LLONGINT;	/* not necessarily */
			goto rflag;
		case 't':
			flags |= PTRDIFFT;
			goto rflag;
		case 'z':
			flags |= SIZET;
			goto rflag;
		case 'C':
			flags |= LONGINT;
			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
		case 'c':
#ifdef NARROW
			if (flags & LONGINT) {
				static const mbstate_t initial;
				mbstate_t mbs;
				size_t mbseqlen;

				mbs = initial;
				mbseqlen = wcrtomb_l(buf,
				    (wchar_t)GETARG(wint_t), &mbs, loc);
				if (mbseqlen == (size_t)-1) {
					fp->_flags |= __SERR;
					goto error;
				}
				size = (int)mbseqlen;
			} else {
				*buf = GETARG(int);
				size = 1;
			}
#else
			if (flags & LONGINT)
				*buf = (wchar_t)GETARG(wint_t);
			else
				*buf = (wchar_t)btowc_l(GETARG(int), loc);
			size = 1;
#endif
			result = buf;
			sign = '\0';
			break;
		case 'D':
			flags |= LONGINT;
			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
		case 'd':
		case 'i':
			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
				ujval = SJARG();
				if ((intmax_t)ujval < 0) {
					ujval = -ujval;
					sign = '-';
				}
			} else {
				ulval = SARG();
				if ((long)ulval < 0) {
					ulval = -ulval;
					sign = '-';
				}
			}
			base = 10;
			goto number;
#ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
#ifdef WIDE_DOUBLE
		case 'a':
		case 'A':
			if (ch == 'a') {
				ox[1] = 'x';
				xdigs = xdigs_lower;
				expchar = 'p';
			} else {
				ox[1] = 'X';
				xdigs = xdigs_upper;
				expchar = 'P';
			}
			if (prec >= 0)
				prec++;
			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
				dtoaresult =
				    __hldtoa(fparg.ldbl, xdigs, prec,
				        &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
			} else {
				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
				dtoaresult =
				    __hdtoa(fparg.dbl, xdigs, prec,
				        &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
			}
			if (dtoaresult == NULL)
				goto oomem;
			
			if (prec < 0) {
				_DIAGASSERT(__type_fit(int,
				    dtoaend - dtoaresult));
				prec = (int)(dtoaend - dtoaresult);
			}
			if (expt == INT_MAX)
				ox[1] = '\0';
			_DIAGASSERT(__type_fit(int, dtoaend - dtoaresult));
			ndig = (int)(dtoaend - dtoaresult);
			if (convbuf != NULL)
				free(convbuf);
#ifndef NARROW
			result = convbuf = __mbsconv(dtoaresult, -1, loc);
#else
			/*XXX inefficient*/
			result = convbuf = strdup(dtoaresult);
#endif
			if (result == NULL)
				goto oomem;
			__freedtoa(dtoaresult);
			goto fp_common;
		case 'e':
		case 'E':
			expchar = ch;
			if (prec < 0)	/* account for digit before decpt */
				prec = DEFPREC + 1;
			else
				prec++;
			goto fp_begin;
		case 'f':
		case 'F':
			expchar = '\0';
			goto fp_begin;
		case 'g':
		case 'G':
			expchar = ch - ('g' - 'e');
			if (prec == 0)
				prec = 1;
fp_begin:
			if (prec < 0)
				prec = DEFPREC;
			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
				fparg.ldbl = GETARG(long double);
				dtoaresult =
				    __ldtoa(&fparg.ldbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
			} else {
				fparg.dbl = GETARG(double);
				dtoaresult =
				    __dtoa(fparg.dbl, expchar ? 2 : 3, prec,
				    &expt, &signflag, &dtoaend);
				if (expt == 9999)
					expt = INT_MAX;
			}
			if (dtoaresult == NULL)
				goto oomem;
			_DIAGASSERT(__type_fit(int, dtoaend - dtoaresult));
			ndig = (int)(dtoaend - dtoaresult);
			if (convbuf != NULL)
				free(convbuf);
#ifndef NARROW
			result = convbuf = __mbsconv(dtoaresult, -1, loc);
#else
			/*XXX inefficient*/
			result = convbuf = strdup(dtoaresult);
#endif
			if (result == NULL)
				goto oomem;
			__freedtoa(dtoaresult);
fp_common:
			if (signflag)
				sign = '-';
			if (expt == INT_MAX) {	/* inf or nan */
				if (*result == 'N') {
					result = (ch >= 'a') ? STRCONST("nan") :
					    STRCONST("NAN");
					sign = '\0';
				} else
					result = (ch >= 'a') ? STRCONST("inf") :
					    STRCONST("INF");
				size = 3;
				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
				break;
			}
#else
		case 'e':
		case 'E':
		case 'f':
		case 'F':
		case 'g':
		case 'G':
			if (prec == -1) {
				prec = DEFPREC;
			} else if ((ch == 'g' || ch == 'G') && prec == 0) {
				prec = 1;
			}

			if (flags & LONGDBL) {
				_double = (double) GETARG(long double);
			} else {
				_double = GETARG(double);
			}

			/* do this before tricky precision changes */
			if (isinf(_double)) {
				if (_double < 0)
					sign = '-';
				if (ch == 'E' || ch == 'F' || ch == 'G')
					result = STRCONST("INF");
				else
					result = STRCONST("inf");
				size = 3;
				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
				break;
			}
			if (isnan(_double)) {
				if (ch == 'E' || ch == 'F' || ch == 'G')
					result = STRCONST("NAN");
				else
					result = STRCONST("nan");
				size = 3;
				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
				break;
			}

			flags |= FPT;
			dtoaresult = cvt(_double, prec, flags, &softsign,
			    &expt, ch, &ndig);
			if (dtoaresult == NULL)
				goto oomem;
			if (convbuf != NULL)
				free(convbuf);
#ifndef NARROW
			result = convbuf = __mbsconv(dtoaresult, -1, loc);
#else
			/*XXX inefficient*/
			result = convbuf = strdup(dtoaresult);
#endif
			if (result == NULL)
				goto oomem;
			__freedtoa(dtoaresult);
			if (softsign)
				sign = '-';
#endif
			flags |= FPT;
			if (ch == 'g' || ch == 'G') {
				if (expt > -4 && expt <= prec) {
					/* Make %[gG] smell like %[fF] */
					expchar = '\0';
					if (flags & ALT)
						prec -= expt;
					else
						prec = ndig - expt;
					if (prec < 0)
						prec = 0;
				} else {
					/*
					 * Make %[gG] smell like %[eE], but
					 * trim trailing zeroes if no # flag.
					 */
					if (!(flags & ALT))
						prec = ndig;
				}
			}
			if (expchar) {
				expsize = exponent(expstr, expt - 1, expchar);
				size = expsize + prec;
				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT)
					++size;
			} else {
				/* space for digits before decimal point */
				if (expt > 0)
					size = expt;
				else	/* "0" */
					size = 1;
				/* space for decimal pt and following digits */
				if (prec || flags & ALT)
					size += prec + 1;
				if (grouping && expt > 0) {
					/* space for thousands' grouping */
					nseps = nrepeats = 0;
					lead = expt;
					while ((unsigned char)*grouping
					    != (unsigned char)CHAR_MAX) {
						if (lead <= *grouping)
							break;
						lead -= *grouping;
						if (*(grouping+1)) {
							nseps++;
							grouping++;
						} else
							nrepeats++;
					}
					size += nseps + nrepeats;
				} else
					lead = expt;
			}
			break;
#endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
		case 'n':
			/*
			 * Assignment-like behavior is specified if the
			 * value overflows or is otherwise unrepresentable.
			 * C99 says to use `signed char' for %hhn conversions.
			 */
			if (flags & LLONGINT)
				*GETARG(long long *) = ret;
			else if (flags & SIZET)
				*GETARG(ssize_t *) = (ssize_t)ret;
			else if (flags & PTRDIFFT)
				*GETARG(ptrdiff_t *) = ret;
			else if (flags & INTMAXT)
				*GETARG(intmax_t *) = ret;
			else if (flags & LONGINT)
				*GETARG(long *) = ret;
			else if (flags & SHORTINT)
				*GETARG(short *) = ret;
			else if (flags & CHARINT)
				*GETARG(signed char *) = ret;
			else
				*GETARG(int *) = ret;
			continue;	/* no output */
		case 'O':
			flags |= LONGINT;
			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
		case 'o':
			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
				ujval = UJARG();
			else
				ulval = UARG();
			base = 8;
			goto nosign;
		case 'p':
			/*-
			 * ``The argument shall be a pointer to void.  The
			 * value of the pointer is converted to a sequence
			 * of printable characters, in an implementation-
			 * defined manner.''
			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
			 */
			ujval = (uintmax_t)(uintptr_t)GETARG(void *);
			base = 16;
			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
			flags = flags | INTMAXT;
			ox[1] = 'x';
			goto nosign;
		case 'S':
			flags |= LONGINT;
			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
		case 's':
			if ((flags & LONGINT) != MULTI) {
				if ((result = GETARG(CHAR_T *)) == NULL)
					result = STRCONST("(null)");
			} else {
				MCHAR_T *mc;

				if (convbuf != NULL)
					free(convbuf);
				if ((mc = GETARG(MCHAR_T *)) == NULL)
					result = STRCONST("(null)");
				else {
					convbuf = SCONV(mc, prec, loc);
					if (convbuf == NULL) {
						fp->_flags |= __SERR;
						goto error;
					}
					result = convbuf;
				}
			}

			if (prec >= 0) {
				/*
				 * can't use STRLEN; can only look for the
				 * NUL in the first `prec' characters, and
				 * STRLEN() will go further.
				 */
				CHAR_T *p = MEMCHR(result, 0, (size_t)prec);

				if (p != NULL) {
					_DIAGASSERT(__type_fit(int,
					    p - result));
					size = (int)(p - result);
					if (size > prec)
						size = prec;
				} else
					size = prec;
			} else {
				size_t rlen = STRLEN(result);
				_DIAGASSERT(__type_fit(int, rlen));
				size = (int)rlen;
			}
			sign = '\0';
			break;
		case 'U':
			flags |= LONGINT;
			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
		case 'u':
			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
				ujval = UJARG();
			else
				ulval = UARG();
			base = 10;
			goto nosign;
		case 'X':
			xdigs = xdigs_upper;
			goto hex;
		case 'x':
			xdigs = xdigs_lower;
hex:
			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE)
				ujval = UJARG();
			else
				ulval = UARG();
			base = 16;
			/* leading 0x/X only if non-zero */
			if (flags & ALT &&
			    (flags & INTMAX_SIZE ? ujval != 0 : ulval != 0))
				ox[1] = ch;

			flags &= ~GROUPING;
			/* unsigned conversions */
nosign:			sign = '\0';
			/*-
			 * ``... diouXx conversions ... if a precision is
			 * specified, the 0 flag will be ignored.''
			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
			 */
number:			if ((dprec = prec) >= 0)
				flags &= ~ZEROPAD;

			/*-
			 * ``The result of converting a zero value with an
			 * explicit precision of zero is no characters.''
			 *	-- ANSI X3J11
			 *
			 * ``The C Standard is clear enough as is.  The call
			 * printf("%#.0o", 0) should print 0.''
			 *	-- Defect Report #151
			 */
			result = cp = buf + BUF;
			if (flags & INTMAX_SIZE) {
				if (ujval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
					result = __ujtoa(ujval, cp, base,
					    flags & ALT, xdigs,
					    flags & GROUPING, thousands_sep,
					    grouping);
			} else {
				if (ulval != 0 || prec != 0 ||
				    (flags & ALT && base == 8))
					result = __ultoa(ulval, cp, base,
					    flags & ALT, xdigs,
					    flags & GROUPING, thousands_sep,
					    grouping);
			}
			_DIAGASSERT(__type_fit(int, buf + BUF - result));
			size = (int)(buf + BUF - result);
			if (size > BUF)	/* should never happen */
				abort();
			break;
		default:	/* "%?" prints ?, unless ? is NUL */
			if (ch == '\0')
				goto done;
			/* pretend it was %c with argument ch */
			*buf = ch;
			result = buf;
			size = 1;
			sign = '\0';
			break;
		}

		/*
		 * All reasonable formats wind up here.  At this point, `result'
		 * points to a string which (if not flags&LADJUST) should be
		 * padded out to `width' places.  If flags&ZEROPAD, it should
		 * first be prefixed by any sign or other prefix; otherwise,
		 * it should be blank padded before the prefix is emitted.
		 * After any left-hand padding and prefixing, emit zeroes
		 * required by a decimal [diouxX] precision, then print the
		 * string proper, then emit zeroes required by any leftover
		 * floating precision; finally, if LADJUST, pad with blanks.
		 *
		 * Compute actual size, so we know how much to pad.
		 * size excludes decimal prec; realsz includes it.
		 */
		realsz = dprec > size ? dprec : size;
		if (sign)
			realsz++;
		if (ox[1])
			realsz += 2;

		prsize = width > realsz ? width : realsz;
		if ((unsigned)ret + prsize > INT_MAX) {
			ret = END_OF_FILE;
			goto error;
		}

		/* right-adjusting blank padding */
		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == 0)
			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);

		/* prefix */
		if (sign)
			PRINT(&sign, 1);

		if (ox[1]) {	/* ox[1] is either x, X, or \0 */
			ox[0] = '0';
			PRINT(ox, 2);
		}

		/* right-adjusting zero padding */
		if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == ZEROPAD)
			PAD(width - realsz, zeroes);

		/* leading zeroes from decimal precision */
		PAD(dprec - size, zeroes);

		/* the string or number proper */
#ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
		if ((flags & FPT) == 0) {
			PRINT(result, size);
		} else {	/* glue together f_p fragments */
			if (!expchar) {	/* %[fF] or sufficiently short %[gG] */
				if (expt <= 0) {
					PRINT(zeroes, 1);
					if (prec || flags & ALT)
						PRINT(decimal_point, 1);
					PAD(-expt, zeroes);
					/* already handled initial 0's */
					prec += expt;
				} else {
					PRINTANDPAD(result, convbuf + ndig,
					    lead, zeroes);
					result += lead;
					if (grouping) {
						while (nseps>0 || nrepeats>0) {
							if (nrepeats > 0)
								nrepeats--;
							else {
								grouping--;
								nseps--;
							}
							PRINT(&thousands_sep,
							    1);
							PRINTANDPAD(result,
							    convbuf + ndig,
							    *grouping, zeroes);
							result += *grouping;
						}
						if (result > convbuf + ndig)
							result = convbuf + ndig;
					}
					if (prec || flags & ALT) {
						buf[0] = *decimal_point;
						PRINT(buf, 1);
					}
				}
				PRINTANDPAD(result, convbuf + ndig, prec,
				    zeroes);
			} else {	/* %[eE] or sufficiently long %[gG] */
				if (prec > 1 || flags & ALT) {
					buf[0] = *result++;
					buf[1] = *decimal_point;
					PRINT(buf, 2);
					PRINT(result, ndig-1);
					PAD(prec - ndig, zeroes);
				} else	/* XeYYY */
					PRINT(result, 1);
				PRINT(expstr, expsize);
			}
		}
#else
		PRINT(result, size);
#endif
		/* left-adjusting padding (always blank) */
		if (flags & LADJUST)
			PAD(width - realsz, blanks);

		/* finally, adjust ret */
		ret += prsize;
		FLUSH();
	}
done:
	FLUSH();
error:
	va_end(orgap);
	if (convbuf != NULL)
		free(convbuf);
	if (__sferror(fp))
		ret = END_OF_FILE;
	if ((argtable != NULL) && (argtable != statargtable))
		free (argtable);
	return ret;
	/* NOTREACHED */
oomem:
	errno = ENOMEM;
	ret = END_OF_FILE;
	goto error;
}

/*
 * Find all arguments when a positional parameter is encountered.  Returns a
 * table, indexed by argument number, of pointers to each arguments.  The
 * initial argument table should be an array of STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE entries.
 * It will be replaces with a malloc-ed one if it overflows.
 */ 
static int
__find_arguments(const CHAR_T *fmt0, va_list ap, union arg **argtable)
{
	CHAR_T *fmt;		/* format string */
	int ch;			/* character from fmt */
	size_t n, n2;		/* handy index (short term usage) */
	CHAR_T *cp;		/* handy char pointer (short term usage) */
	int flags;		/* flags as above */
	enum typeid *typetable; /* table of types */
	enum typeid stattypetable [STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE];
	size_t tablesize;	/* current size of type table */
	size_t tablemax;	/* largest used index in table */
	size_t nextarg;		/* 1-based argument index */
	size_t nitems;		/* number of items we picked from the stack */

	/*
	 * Add an argument type to the table, expanding if necessary.
	 * Check for overflow.
	 */
#define ADDTYPE(type) \
	do { \
		if (nextarg > SIZE_MAX / sizeof(**argtable)) { \
			if (typetable != stattypetable) \
				free(typetable); \
			return -1; \
		} \
		if (nextarg >= tablesize) \
			if (__grow_type_table(nextarg, &typetable, \
			    &tablesize) == -1) \
				return -1; \
		if (nextarg > tablemax) \
			tablemax = nextarg; \
		typetable[nextarg++] = type; \
		nitems++; \
	} while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)

#define	ADDSARG() \
	do { \
		if (flags & INTMAXT)  \
			ADDTYPE(T_INTMAXT); \
		else if (flags & SIZET)  \
			ADDTYPE(T_SSIZET); \
		else if (flags & PTRDIFFT) \
			ADDTYPE(T_PTRDIFFT); \
		else if (flags & LLONGINT) \
			ADDTYPE(T_LLONG); \
		else if (flags & LONGINT) \
			ADDTYPE(T_LONG); \
		else \
			ADDTYPE(T_INT); \
	} while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)

#define	ADDUARG() \
	do { \
		if (flags & INTMAXT)  \
			ADDTYPE(T_UINTMAXT); \
		else if (flags & SIZET)  \
			ADDTYPE(T_SIZET); \
		else if (flags & PTRDIFFT) \
			ADDTYPE(T_PTRDIFFT); \
		else if (flags & LLONGINT) \
			ADDTYPE(T_U_LLONG); \
		else if (flags & LONGINT) \
			ADDTYPE(T_U_LONG); \
		else \
			ADDTYPE(T_U_INT); \
	} while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
	/*
	 * Add * arguments to the type array.
	 */
#define ADDASTER() \
	n2 = 0; \
	cp = fmt; \
	while (is_digit(*cp)) { \
		n2 = 10 * n2 + to_digit(*cp); \
		cp++; \
	} \
	if (*cp == '$') { \
		size_t hold = nextarg; \
		nextarg = n2; \
		ADDTYPE(T_INT); \
		nextarg = hold; \
		fmt = ++cp; \
	} else { \
		ADDTYPE(T_INT); \
	}
	fmt = (CHAR_T *)__UNCONST(fmt0);
	memset(stattypetable, 0, sizeof(stattypetable));
	typetable = stattypetable;
	tablesize = STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE;
	tablemax = 0; 
	nextarg = 1;
	nitems = 1;

	/*
	 * Scan the format for conversions (`%' character).
	 */
	for (;;) {
		for (cp = fmt; (ch = *fmt) != '\0' && ch != '%'; fmt++)
			/* void */;
		if (ch == '\0')
			goto done;
		fmt++;		/* skip over '%' */

		flags = 0;

rflag:		ch = *fmt++;
reswitch:	switch (ch) {
		case ' ':
		case '#':
			goto rflag;
		case '*':
			ADDASTER ();
			goto rflag;
		case '-':
		case '+':
		case '\'':
			goto rflag;
		case '.':
			if ((ch = *fmt++) == '*') {
				ADDASTER ();
				goto rflag;
			}
			while (is_digit(ch)) {
				ch = *fmt++;
			}
			goto reswitch;
		case '0':
			goto rflag;
		case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
			n = 0;
			do {
				n = 10 * n + to_digit(ch);
				ch = *fmt++;
			} while (is_digit(ch));
			if (ch == '$') {
				nextarg = n;
				goto rflag;
			}
			goto reswitch;
#ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
		case 'L':
			flags |= LONGDBL;
			goto rflag;
#endif
		case 'h':
			if (flags & SHORTINT) {
				flags &= ~SHORTINT;
				flags |= CHARINT;
			} else
				flags |= SHORTINT;
			goto rflag;
		case 'j':
			flags |= INTMAXT;
			goto rflag;
		case 'l':
			if (flags & LONGINT) {
				flags &= ~LONGINT;
				flags |= LLONGINT;
			} else
				flags |= LONGINT;
			goto rflag;
		case 'q':
			flags |= LLONGINT;	/* not necessarily */
			goto rflag;
		case 't':
			flags |= PTRDIFFT;
			goto rflag;
		case 'z':
			flags |= SIZET;
			goto rflag;
		case 'C':
			flags |= LONGINT;
			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
		case 'c':
			if (flags & LONGINT)
				ADDTYPE(T_WINT);
			else
				ADDTYPE(T_INT);
			break;
		case 'D':
			flags |= LONGINT;
			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
		case 'd':
		case 'i':
			ADDSARG();
			break;
#ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
		case 'a':
		case 'A':
		case 'e':
		case 'E':
		case 'f':
		case 'g':
		case 'G':
			if (flags & LONGDBL)
				ADDTYPE(T_LONG_DOUBLE);
			else
				ADDTYPE(T_DOUBLE);
			break;
#endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */
		case 'n':
			if (flags & INTMAXT)
				ADDTYPE(TP_INTMAXT);
			else if (flags & PTRDIFFT)
				ADDTYPE(TP_PTRDIFFT);
			else if (flags & SIZET)
				ADDTYPE(TP_SIZET);
			else if (flags & LLONGINT)
				ADDTYPE(TP_LLONG);
			else if (flags & LONGINT)
				ADDTYPE(TP_LONG);
			else if (flags & SHORTINT)
				ADDTYPE(TP_SHORT);
			else if (flags & CHARINT)
				ADDTYPE(TP_SCHAR);
			else
				ADDTYPE(TP_INT);
			continue;	/* no output */
		case 'O':
			flags |= LONGINT;
			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
		case 'o':
			ADDUARG();
			break;
		case 'p':
			ADDTYPE(TP_VOID);
			break;
		case 'S':
			flags |= LONGINT;
			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
		case 's':
			if (flags & LONGINT)
				ADDTYPE(TP_WCHAR);
			else
				ADDTYPE(TP_CHAR);
			break;
		case 'U':
			flags |= LONGINT;
			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
		case 'u':
		case 'X':
		case 'x':
			ADDUARG();
			break;
		default:	/* "%?" prints ?, unless ? is NUL */
			if (ch == '\0')
				goto done;
			break;
		}
	}
done:
	/*
	 * nitems contains the number of arguments we picked from the stack.
	 * If tablemax is larger, this means that some positional argument,
	 * tried to pick an argument the number of arguments possibly supplied.
	 * Since positional arguments are typically used to swap the order of
	 * the printf arguments and not to pick random arguments from strange
	 * positions in the stack, we assume that if the positional argument
	 * is trying to pick beyond the end of arguments, then this is wrong.
	 * Alternatively we could find a way to figure out when va_arg() runs
	 * out, but how to do that?
	 */
	if (nitems < tablemax) {
		if (typetable != stattypetable)
			free(typetable);
		return -1;
	}
	/*
	 * Build the argument table.
	 */
	if (tablemax >= STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE) {
		*argtable = malloc(sizeof(**argtable) * (tablemax + 1));
		if (*argtable == NULL) {
			free(typetable);
			return -1;
		}
	}

	(*argtable) [0].intarg = 0;
	for (n = 1; n <= tablemax; n++) {
		switch (typetable [n]) {
		    case T_UNUSED: /* whoops! */
			(*argtable) [n].intarg = va_arg (ap, int);
			break;
		    case TP_SCHAR:
			(*argtable) [n].pschararg = va_arg (ap, signed char *);
			break;
		    case TP_SHORT:
			(*argtable) [n].pshortarg = va_arg (ap, short *);
			break;
		    case T_INT:
			(*argtable) [n].intarg = va_arg (ap, int);
			break;
		    case T_U_INT:
			(*argtable) [n].uintarg = va_arg (ap, unsigned int);
			break;
		    case TP_INT:
			(*argtable) [n].pintarg = va_arg (ap, int *);
			break;
		    case T_LONG:
			(*argtable) [n].longarg = va_arg (ap, long);
			break;
		    case T_U_LONG:
			(*argtable) [n].ulongarg = va_arg (ap, unsigned long);
			break;
		    case TP_LONG:
			(*argtable) [n].plongarg = va_arg (ap, long *);
			break;
		    case T_LLONG:
			(*argtable) [n].longlongarg = va_arg (ap, long long);
			break;
		    case T_U_LLONG:
			(*argtable) [n].ulonglongarg = va_arg (ap, unsigned long long);
			break;
		    case TP_LLONG:
			(*argtable) [n].plonglongarg = va_arg (ap, long long *);
			break;
		    case T_PTRDIFFT:
			(*argtable) [n].ptrdiffarg = va_arg (ap, ptrdiff_t);
			break;
		    case TP_PTRDIFFT:
			(*argtable) [n].pptrdiffarg = va_arg (ap, ptrdiff_t *);
			break;
		    case T_SSIZET:
			(*argtable) [n].ssizearg = va_arg (ap, ssize_t);
			break;
		    case T_SIZET:
			(*argtable) [n].sizearg = va_arg (ap, size_t);
			break;
		    case TP_SIZET:
			(*argtable) [n].psizearg = va_arg (ap, size_t *);
			break;
		    case T_INTMAXT:
			(*argtable) [n].intmaxarg = va_arg (ap, intmax_t);
			break;
		    case T_UINTMAXT:
			(*argtable) [n].uintmaxarg = va_arg (ap, uintmax_t);
			break;
		    case TP_INTMAXT:
			(*argtable) [n].pintmaxarg = va_arg (ap, intmax_t *);
			break;
		    case T_DOUBLE:
#ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
			(*argtable) [n].doublearg = va_arg (ap, double);
#endif
			break;
		    case T_LONG_DOUBLE:
#ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
			(*argtable) [n].longdoublearg = va_arg (ap, long double);
#endif
			break;
		    case TP_CHAR:
			(*argtable) [n].pchararg = va_arg (ap, char *);
			break;
		    case TP_VOID:
			(*argtable) [n].pvoidarg = va_arg (ap, void *);
			break;
		    case T_WINT:
			(*argtable) [n].wintarg = va_arg (ap, wint_t);
			break;
		    case TP_WCHAR:
			(*argtable) [n].pwchararg = va_arg (ap, wchar_t *);
			break;
		}
	}

	if (typetable != stattypetable)
		free (typetable);
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Increase the size of the type table.
 */
static int
__grow_type_table (size_t nextarg, enum typeid **typetable, size_t *tablesize)
{
	enum typeid *const oldtable = *typetable;
	const size_t oldsize = *tablesize;
	enum typeid *newtable;
	size_t newsize = oldsize * 2;

	if (newsize < nextarg + 1)
		newsize = nextarg + 1;
	if (oldsize == STATIC_ARG_TBL_SIZE) {
		if ((newtable = malloc(newsize * sizeof(*newtable))) == NULL)
			return -1;
		memcpy(newtable, oldtable, oldsize * sizeof(*newtable));
	} else {
		newtable = realloc(oldtable, newsize * sizeof(*newtable));
		if (newtable == NULL) {
			free(oldtable);
			return -1;
		}
	}
	memset(&newtable[oldsize], 0, (newsize - oldsize) * sizeof(*newtable));

	*typetable = newtable;
	*tablesize = newsize;
	return 0;
}


#ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT
#ifndef WIDE_DOUBLE
static char *
cvt(double value, int ndigits, int flags, char *sign, int *decpt, int ch,
    int *length)
{
	int mode, dsgn;
	char *digits, *bp, *rve;

	_DIAGASSERT(decpt != NULL);
	_DIAGASSERT(length != NULL);
	_DIAGASSERT(sign != NULL);

	if (ch == 'f') {
		mode = 3;		/* ndigits after the decimal point */
	} else {
		/* To obtain ndigits after the decimal point for the 'e' 
		 * and 'E' formats, round to ndigits + 1 significant 
		 * figures.
		 */
		if (ch == 'e' || ch == 'E') {
			ndigits++;
		}
		mode = 2;		/* ndigits significant digits */
	}

	digits = __dtoa(value, mode, ndigits, decpt, &dsgn, &rve);
	if (digits == NULL)
		return NULL;
	if (dsgn) {
		value = -value;
		*sign = '-';
	} else
		*sign = '\000';
	if ((ch != 'g' && ch != 'G') || flags & ALT) {	/* Print trailing zeros */
		bp = digits + ndigits;
		if (ch == 'f') {
			if (*digits == '0' && value)
				*decpt = -ndigits + 1;
			bp += *decpt;
		}
		if (value == 0)	/* kludge for __dtoa irregularity */
			rve = bp;
		while (rve < bp)
			*rve++ = '0';
	}
	*length = rve - digits;
	return digits;
}
#endif

static int
exponent(CHAR_T *p0, int expo, int fmtch)
{
	CHAR_T *p, *t;
	CHAR_T expbuf[MAXEXPDIG];

	p = p0;
	*p++ = fmtch;
	if (expo < 0) {
		expo = -expo;
		*p++ = '-';
	}
	else
		*p++ = '+';
	t = expbuf + MAXEXPDIG;
	if (expo > 9) {
		do {
			*--t = to_char(expo % 10);
		} while ((expo /= 10) > 9);
		*--t = to_char(expo);
		for (; t < expbuf + MAXEXPDIG; *p++ = *t++);
	}
	else {
		/*
		 * Exponents for decimal floating point conversions
		 * (%[eEgG]) must be at least two characters long,
		 * whereas exponents for hexadecimal conversions can
		 * be only one character long.
		 */
		if (fmtch == 'e' || fmtch == 'E')
			*p++ = '0';
		*p++ = to_char(expo);
	}
	_DIAGASSERT(__type_fit(int, p - p0));
	return (int)(p - p0);
}
#endif /* !NO_FLOATING_POINT */