gem5/src/arch/x86/system.cc
2011-04-15 10:44:06 -07:00

413 lines
14 KiB
C++

/*
* Copyright (c) 2007 The Hewlett-Packard Development Company
* All rights reserved.
*
* The license below extends only to copyright in the software and shall
* not be construed as granting a license to any other intellectual
* property including but not limited to intellectual property relating
* to a hardware implementation of the functionality of the software
* licensed hereunder. You may use the software subject to the license
* terms below provided that you ensure that this notice is replicated
* unmodified and in its entirety in all distributions of the software,
* modified or unmodified, in source code or in binary form.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
* met: redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
* redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution;
* neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
* this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
* A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
* OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* Authors: Gabe Black
*/
#include "arch/x86/bios/intelmp.hh"
#include "arch/x86/bios/smbios.hh"
#include "arch/x86/regs/misc.hh"
#include "arch/x86/isa_traits.hh"
#include "arch/x86/system.hh"
#include "arch/vtophys.hh"
#include "base/loader/object_file.hh"
#include "base/loader/symtab.hh"
#include "base/intmath.hh"
#include "base/trace.hh"
#include "cpu/thread_context.hh"
#include "mem/physical.hh"
#include "params/X86System.hh"
#include "sim/byteswap.hh"
using namespace LittleEndianGuest;
using namespace X86ISA;
X86System::X86System(Params *p) :
System(p), smbiosTable(p->smbios_table),
mpFloatingPointer(p->intel_mp_pointer),
mpConfigTable(p->intel_mp_table),
rsdp(p->acpi_description_table_pointer)
{
if (kernel->getArch() == ObjectFile::I386)
fatal("Loading a 32 bit x86 kernel is not supported.\n");
}
static void
installSegDesc(ThreadContext *tc, SegmentRegIndex seg,
SegDescriptor desc, bool longmode)
{
uint64_t base = desc.baseLow + (desc.baseHigh << 24);
bool honorBase = !longmode || seg == SEGMENT_REG_FS ||
seg == SEGMENT_REG_GS ||
seg == SEGMENT_REG_TSL ||
seg == SYS_SEGMENT_REG_TR;
uint64_t limit = desc.limitLow | (desc.limitHigh << 16);
SegAttr attr = 0;
attr.dpl = desc.dpl;
attr.unusable = 0;
attr.defaultSize = desc.d;
attr.longMode = desc.l;
attr.avl = desc.avl;
attr.granularity = desc.g;
attr.present = desc.p;
attr.system = desc.s;
attr.type = desc.type;
if (desc.s) {
if (desc.type.codeOrData) {
// Code segment
attr.expandDown = 0;
attr.readable = desc.type.r;
attr.writable = 0;
} else {
// Data segment
attr.expandDown = desc.type.e;
attr.readable = 1;
attr.writable = desc.type.w;
}
} else {
attr.readable = 1;
attr.writable = 1;
attr.expandDown = 0;
}
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_SEG_BASE(seg), base);
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_SEG_EFF_BASE(seg), honorBase ? base : 0);
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_SEG_LIMIT(seg), limit);
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_SEG_ATTR(seg), (MiscReg)attr);
}
void
X86System::initState()
{
System::initState();
ThreadContext *tc = threadContexts[0];
// This is the boot strap processor (BSP). Initialize it to look like
// the boot loader has just turned control over to the 64 bit OS. We
// won't actually set up real mode or legacy protected mode descriptor
// tables because we aren't executing any code that would require
// them. We do, however toggle the control bits in the correct order
// while allowing consistency checks and the underlying mechansims
// just to be safe.
const int NumPDTs = 4;
const Addr PageMapLevel4 = 0x70000;
const Addr PageDirPtrTable = 0x71000;
const Addr PageDirTable[NumPDTs] =
{0x72000, 0x73000, 0x74000, 0x75000};
const Addr GDTBase = 0x76000;
const int PML4Bits = 9;
const int PDPTBits = 9;
const int PDTBits = 9;
// Get a port to write the page tables and descriptor tables.
FunctionalPort * physPort = tc->getPhysPort();
/*
* Set up the gdt.
*/
uint8_t numGDTEntries = 0;
// Place holder at selector 0
uint64_t nullDescriptor = 0;
physPort->writeBlob(GDTBase + numGDTEntries * 8,
(uint8_t *)(&nullDescriptor), 8);
numGDTEntries++;
//64 bit code segment
SegDescriptor csDesc = 0;
csDesc.type.codeOrData = 1;
csDesc.type.c = 0; // Not conforming
csDesc.type.r = 1; // Readable
csDesc.dpl = 0; // Privelege level 0
csDesc.p = 1; // Present
csDesc.l = 1; // 64 bit
csDesc.d = 0; // default operand size
csDesc.g = 1; // Page granularity
csDesc.s = 1; // Not a system segment
csDesc.limitHigh = 0xF;
csDesc.limitLow = 0xFF;
//Because we're dealing with a pointer and I don't think it's
//guaranteed that there isn't anything in a nonvirtual class between
//it's beginning in memory and it's actual data, we'll use an
//intermediary.
uint64_t csDescVal = csDesc;
physPort->writeBlob(GDTBase + numGDTEntries * 8,
(uint8_t *)(&csDescVal), 8);
numGDTEntries++;
SegSelector cs = 0;
cs.si = numGDTEntries - 1;
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CS, (MiscReg)cs);
//32 bit data segment
SegDescriptor dsDesc = 0;
dsDesc.type.codeOrData = 0;
dsDesc.type.e = 0; // Not expand down
dsDesc.type.w = 1; // Writable
dsDesc.dpl = 0; // Privelege level 0
dsDesc.p = 1; // Present
dsDesc.d = 1; // default operand size
dsDesc.g = 1; // Page granularity
dsDesc.s = 1; // Not a system segment
dsDesc.limitHigh = 0xF;
dsDesc.limitLow = 0xFF;
uint64_t dsDescVal = dsDesc;
physPort->writeBlob(GDTBase + numGDTEntries * 8,
(uint8_t *)(&dsDescVal), 8);
numGDTEntries++;
SegSelector ds = 0;
ds.si = numGDTEntries - 1;
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_DS, (MiscReg)ds);
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_ES, (MiscReg)ds);
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_FS, (MiscReg)ds);
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_GS, (MiscReg)ds);
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_SS, (MiscReg)ds);
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_TSL, 0);
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_TSG_BASE, GDTBase);
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_TSG_LIMIT, 8 * numGDTEntries - 1);
SegDescriptor tssDesc = 0;
tssDesc.type = 0xB;
tssDesc.dpl = 0; // Privelege level 0
tssDesc.p = 1; // Present
tssDesc.d = 1; // default operand size
tssDesc.g = 1; // Page granularity
tssDesc.s = 1; // Not a system segment
tssDesc.limitHigh = 0xF;
tssDesc.limitLow = 0xFF;
uint64_t tssDescVal = tssDesc;
physPort->writeBlob(GDTBase + numGDTEntries * 8,
(uint8_t *)(&tssDescVal), 8);
numGDTEntries++;
SegSelector tss = 0;
tss.si = numGDTEntries - 1;
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_TR, (MiscReg)tss);
installSegDesc(tc, SYS_SEGMENT_REG_TR, tssDesc, true);
/*
* Identity map the first 4GB of memory. In order to map this region
* of memory in long mode, there needs to be one actual page map level
* 4 entry which points to one page directory pointer table which
* points to 4 different page directory tables which are full of two
* megabyte pages. All of the other entries in valid tables are set
* to indicate that they don't pertain to anything valid and will
* cause a fault if used.
*/
// Put valid values in all of the various table entries which indicate
// that those entries don't point to further tables or pages. Then
// set the values of those entries which are needed.
// Page Map Level 4
// read/write, user, not present
uint64_t pml4e = X86ISA::htog(0x6);
for (int offset = 0; offset < (1 << PML4Bits) * 8; offset += 8) {
physPort->writeBlob(PageMapLevel4 + offset, (uint8_t *)(&pml4e), 8);
}
// Point to the only PDPT
pml4e = X86ISA::htog(0x7 | PageDirPtrTable);
physPort->writeBlob(PageMapLevel4, (uint8_t *)(&pml4e), 8);
// Page Directory Pointer Table
// read/write, user, not present
uint64_t pdpe = X86ISA::htog(0x6);
for (int offset = 0; offset < (1 << PDPTBits) * 8; offset += 8) {
physPort->writeBlob(PageDirPtrTable + offset,
(uint8_t *)(&pdpe), 8);
}
// Point to the PDTs
for (int table = 0; table < NumPDTs; table++) {
pdpe = X86ISA::htog(0x7 | PageDirTable[table]);
physPort->writeBlob(PageDirPtrTable + table * 8,
(uint8_t *)(&pdpe), 8);
}
// Page Directory Tables
Addr base = 0;
const Addr pageSize = 2 << 20;
for (int table = 0; table < NumPDTs; table++) {
for (int offset = 0; offset < (1 << PDTBits) * 8; offset += 8) {
// read/write, user, present, 4MB
uint64_t pdte = X86ISA::htog(0x87 | base);
physPort->writeBlob(PageDirTable[table] + offset,
(uint8_t *)(&pdte), 8);
base += pageSize;
}
}
/*
* Transition from real mode all the way up to Long mode
*/
CR0 cr0 = tc->readMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CR0);
//Turn off paging.
cr0.pg = 0;
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CR0, cr0);
//Turn on protected mode.
cr0.pe = 1;
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CR0, cr0);
CR4 cr4 = tc->readMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CR4);
//Turn on pae.
cr4.pae = 1;
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CR4, cr4);
//Point to the page tables.
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CR3, PageMapLevel4);
Efer efer = tc->readMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_EFER);
//Enable long mode.
efer.lme = 1;
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_EFER, efer);
//Start using longmode segments.
installSegDesc(tc, SEGMENT_REG_CS, csDesc, true);
installSegDesc(tc, SEGMENT_REG_DS, dsDesc, true);
installSegDesc(tc, SEGMENT_REG_ES, dsDesc, true);
installSegDesc(tc, SEGMENT_REG_FS, dsDesc, true);
installSegDesc(tc, SEGMENT_REG_GS, dsDesc, true);
installSegDesc(tc, SEGMENT_REG_SS, dsDesc, true);
//Activate long mode.
cr0.pg = 1;
tc->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CR0, cr0);
tc->pcState(tc->getSystemPtr()->kernelEntry);
// We should now be in long mode. Yay!
Addr ebdaPos = 0xF0000;
Addr fixed, table;
//Write out the SMBios/DMI table
writeOutSMBiosTable(ebdaPos, fixed, table);
ebdaPos += (fixed + table);
ebdaPos = roundUp(ebdaPos, 16);
//Write out the Intel MP Specification configuration table
writeOutMPTable(ebdaPos, fixed, table);
ebdaPos += (fixed + table);
}
void
X86System::writeOutSMBiosTable(Addr header,
Addr &headerSize, Addr &structSize, Addr table)
{
// Get a port to write the table and header to memory.
FunctionalPort * physPort = threadContexts[0]->getPhysPort();
// If the table location isn't specified, just put it after the header.
// The header size as of the 2.5 SMBios specification is 0x1F bytes
if (!table)
table = header + 0x1F;
smbiosTable->setTableAddr(table);
smbiosTable->writeOut(physPort, header, headerSize, structSize);
// Do some bounds checking to make sure we at least didn't step on
// ourselves.
assert(header > table || header + headerSize <= table);
assert(table > header || table + structSize <= header);
}
void
X86System::writeOutMPTable(Addr fp,
Addr &fpSize, Addr &tableSize, Addr table)
{
// Get a port to write the table and header to memory.
FunctionalPort * physPort = threadContexts[0]->getPhysPort();
// If the table location isn't specified and it exists, just put
// it after the floating pointer. The fp size as of the 1.4 Intel MP
// specification is 0x10 bytes.
if (mpConfigTable) {
if (!table)
table = fp + 0x10;
mpFloatingPointer->setTableAddr(table);
}
fpSize = mpFloatingPointer->writeOut(physPort, fp);
if (mpConfigTable)
tableSize = mpConfigTable->writeOut(physPort, table);
else
tableSize = 0;
// Do some bounds checking to make sure we at least didn't step on
// ourselves and the fp structure was the size we thought it was.
assert(fp > table || fp + fpSize <= table);
assert(table > fp || table + tableSize <= fp);
assert(fpSize == 0x10);
}
X86System::~X86System()
{
delete smbiosTable;
}
void
X86System::serialize(std::ostream &os)
{
System::serialize(os);
}
void
X86System::unserialize(Checkpoint *cp, const std::string &section)
{
System::unserialize(cp,section);
}
X86System *
X86SystemParams::create()
{
return new X86System(this);
}